Luminescence rock surface burial and exposure dating approaches hold enormous potential to contribute to the archaeological sciences. These methods enable the dating of previously undatable archaeological site types and can be used to determine how and when lithic artefacts have been sequentially buried and transported. Studies have already used these approaches to overcome limitations of classical dating methods to constrain the ages of lithic artefact discard and post-depositional movement at surface scatter sites, to chronologically constrain rock art production by dating rockfall and exposure events, as well as dating a variety of rock-based archaeological features such as pavements, petroforms, megalithic structures, and walls. Here, we present a review of these developing methods, including an introduction to the underlying principles and applications, a series of case studies, and a discussion of the obstacles and complexities to be considered when applying these methods. We conclude with a discussion of future applications and developments, including direct dating of rock engravings, buried artefacts, megalithic stone structures, and chert artefacts. With ongoing work and applications, luminescence rock-surface dating has the potential to become widely applicable, shining new light on a diverse range of previously intractable archaeological contexts.

发光岩石表面埋藏和暴露测年方法具有为考古科学做出贡献的巨大潜力。这些方法可以对以前无法确定年代的考古遗址类型进行测年，并可用于确定石器文物如何以及何时被顺序埋葬和运输。研究已经使用这些方法来克服经典测年方法的局限性，以限制石器遗弃物的年龄和表面分散地点的沉积后运动，通过测年落石和暴露事件以及测年各种岩石艺术来按时间顺序限制岩画的生产。基于岩石的考古特征，如人行道、岩石形态、巨石结构和墙壁。在这里，我们对这些开发方法进行回顾，包括介绍基本原理和应用、一系列案例研究，以及对应用这些方法时要考虑的障碍和复杂性的讨论。最后我们讨论了未来的应用和发展，包括直接测定岩石雕刻、埋藏文物、巨石结构和燧石文物的年代。随着工作和应用的不断进行，岩石表面发光测年技术有可能得到广泛应用，为各种以前棘手的考古环境带来新的曙光。