Abstract

The synthesis of two-dimensional NiO nanostructures by programmable chemical deposition in combination with the hydrothermal treatment of intermediates in distilled water and in aqueous ammonia solution was studied. Simultaneous thermal analysis was used to determine the dependence of thermal stability and sorption capacity of particles of the intermediates on the parameters of their hydrothermal treatment and on the composition of the dispersion medium. The results of IR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis helped us to recognize the crystal structure specifics and the set of functional groups for intermediates and for NiO nanopowders formed on their basis. The average size of the coherent scattering regions (CSRs) of the manufactured nickel oxide powders varied from 4.0 ± 0.5 to 8.6 ± 0.8 nm depending on the hydrothermal treatment parameters. Scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopy showed that the recrystallization of NiO nanoparticles can be tuned depending on the synthesis parameters to yield two-dimensional nanostructures of various shapes and required sizes, ranging from nanosheets of chaotic geometry to flat hexagons with a variable diameter. Due to their anisotropic microstructure, the manufactured nanomaterials can be effectively used in the fabrication of functional components for advanced alternative energy devices (supercapacitor electrodes, solid oxide fuel cells, etc.), including the use of printing technologies.

中文翻译：

---

可编程化学沉积和水热处理相结合合成二维 NiO 纳米结构

摘要

研究了通过可编程化学沉积结合中间体在蒸馏水和氨水溶液中的水热处理合成二维NiO纳米结构。使用同时热分析来确定中间体颗粒的热稳定性和吸附能力对其水热处理参数和分散介质组成的依赖性。红外光谱和 X 射线衍射分析的结果帮助我们认识了中间体和基于其形成的 NiO 纳米粉末的晶体结构细节和官能团集。所制造的氧化镍粉末的相干散射区域（CSR）的平均尺寸在 4.0 ± 0.5 至 8.6 ± 0.8 nm 之间变化，具体取决于水热处理参数。扫描（SEM）和透射（TEM）电子显微镜表明，NiO纳米颗粒的重结晶可以根据合成参数进行调整，以产生各种形状和所需尺寸的二维纳米结构，范围从混沌几何形状的纳米片到具有可变直径。由于其各向异性的微观结构，所制造的纳米材料可以有效地用于制造先进替代能源设备（超级电容器电极、固体氧化物燃料电池等）的功能部件，包括使用印刷技术。