In this paper, the effect of the spatial electric field on the hydrogenic impurity self-polarization and binding energy in a GaAs/AlAs tetragonal quantum dot are calculated by the variational method based on the effective mass approximation. We have shown that the self-polarization and binding energy of a hydrogenic impurity in a tetragonal quantum dot depends strongly on the \(\theta\) angle of the spatial electric field, the size effect (L_z/L ratio (M)), the volume of the dot, and impurity position. Furthermore, we define the angle \({\theta }_{max}\), which aligns the spatial electric field vector with the position vector of the hydrogenic impurity on the diagonal axis. It has been noted that self-polarization reaches its peak at this particular angle.

本文采用基于有效质量近似的变分法计算了空间电场对GaAs/AlAs四方量子点中氢杂质自极化和结合能的影响。我们已经证明，四方量子点中氢杂质的自极化和结合能强烈依赖于空间电场的\(\theta\)角、尺寸效应（L _z /L比（M）） 、点的体积和杂质位置。此外，我们定义角度\({\theta }_{max}\)，它将空间电场矢量与对角轴上氢杂质的位置矢量对齐。已经注意到，自极化在这个特定角度达到峰值。