Containerless measurements of the thermophysical properties density, viscosity, and self-diffusion by electromagnetic- (EML) and electrostatic levitation (ESL) are compared. The development history of the two techniques is briefly traced. The levitation principles and the measurement techniques for the properties considered are discussed. In the case of the density, data measured by both techniques are available for a liquid NiTi alloy. The results agree within a systematic error of ± 1 %. The data measured in EML exhibit a significant larger scatter. Viscosity data cannot be measured in ground-based electromagnetic levitation, so the comparison is carried out for a NiB alloy investigated in ESL and a classical viscometer. Good agreement was found as well. No significant difference is observed in self-diffusion data of various systems between different levitation techniques.

比较了通过电磁 (EML) 和静电悬浮 (ESL) 进行的热物理特性密度、粘度和自扩散的无容器测量。简要回顾了这两种技术的发展历史。讨论了悬浮原理和所考虑特性的测量技术。就密度而言，两种技术测量的数据均适用于液态镍钛合金。结果在 ± 1% 的系统误差范围内一致。EML 中测量的数据表现出明显更大的分散性。地基电磁悬浮无法测量粘度数据，因此对 ESL 中研究的 NiB 合金和经典粘度计进行了比较。双方也达成了良好的共识。不同悬浮技术之间的各种系统的自扩散数据没有观察到显着差异。