An abundance of studies from different international groups have demonstrated tracers along linear pathways resembling meridians over the body surface of humans. All experiments of the studies have been conducted by injection of a radiotracer solution or tracer dyes in a volume of solution into acupuncture points (acupoints). The solution injected into acupoints produces much stronger mechanical stimuli than acupuncture, which causes axon reflex. Anatomical studies have demonstrated that acupoints/meridians exist higher number of small nerve fibers and blood vessels with rich nitric oxide (NO) and neuropeptides in the cutaneous tissues as structures for the biomolecules mediated axon reflexes. Recent advances have determined that NO and calcitonin generelated peptides play crucial roles in the comprehension of the axon reflex. The stimuli-evoked axon reflex and NOergic biomolecules/neuropeptides increase local blood flow with higher levels in acupoints/meridians, which move radioactive substances or tracer dyes in the skin and subcutaneous tissue under a linear path resembling acupoints and meridians, the important phenomena of meridians induced by the stimuli. The evidence and understanding of the biomolecular processes of the tracers along linear pathways resembling meridians have been summarized with an emphasis on recent developments of NO and neuropeptides mediating stimuli-evoked axon reflexes to increase local blood flow with higher levels in acupoints/meridians, which move radioactive substances or tracer dyes in the skin and subcutaneous tissue contributing to tracers along linear pathways resembling meridians in this mini-review.

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刺激诱导的无能分子和神经肽介导的轴突反射有助于沿经络路径的示踪剂

来自不同国际团体的大量研究表明，示踪剂沿着类似于人类体表经络的线性路径。所有研究的实验都是通过将一定体积溶液中的放射性示踪剂溶液或示踪染料注射到穴位（穴位）来进行的。注射到穴位的溶液会产生比针灸更强的机械刺激，从而引起轴突反射。解剖学研究表明，穴位/经络在皮肤组织中存在大量富含一氧化氮（NO）和神经肽的小神经纤维和血管，作为生物分子介导的轴突反射的结构。最近的进展已经确定，NO 和降钙素基因相关肽在轴突反射的理解中发挥着至关重要的作用。刺激诱发的轴突反射和NOergic生物分子/神经肽在穴位/经络中以较高水平增加局部血流量，使皮肤和皮下组织中的放射性物质或示踪染料在类似穴位和经络的线性路径下移动，这是经络的重要现象刺激引起的。对示踪剂沿类似于经络的线性路径的生物分子过程的证据和理解进行了总结，重点是一氧化氮和神经肽介导刺激诱发的轴突反射的最新发展，以增加穴位/经络中较高水平的局部血流量，从而移动在这篇小评论中，皮肤和皮下组织中的放射性物质或示踪染料有助于沿着类似于经络的线性路径进行示踪。