Abstract—

Ethoxyamine derivatives of humic acids have been obtained by mechanochemical synthesis via the simultaneous interaction of humic acids with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-6000 and PEG-1500) and an aminating reagent (urea, hydroperitum, or cyanoguanidine) in a vibrating apparatus. Reaction products have been characterized by IR spectroscopy, acid–base potentiometric titration, and viscometry. Tensiometric and rheological characteristics of the surface layers of solutions of salts of the synthesized derivatives of humic acids have been studied by the pendant drop and oscillating pendant drop methods. The solutions of the salts of ethoxyaminohumic acids have been found to exhibit a pronounced surface activity at the air–water interface. The experimental dependences of the viscoelastic modulus on the surface pressure and the concentration of the solutions of ethoxyaminohumic acid salts are in satisfactory agreement with the functions calculated in terms of the theoretical model of bimolecular adsorption. The presence of amino groups in the structure of ethoxyaminohumic acids predetermines their high solubility in the acidic pH region. The simultaneous incorporation of ethoxy and amino groups into humic acid macromolecules makes it possible to obtain a novel type of surfactants, which combine three functions, i.e., the functions of anionic, cationic, and nonionic surfactants.

中文翻译：

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乙氧基氨基腐植酸的机械化学合成及其溶液在溶液-空气界面的表面活性性质

摘要-

腐殖酸的乙氧胺衍生物是通过腐殖酸与聚乙二醇（PEG-6000 和 PEG-1500）和胺化试剂（尿素、水腹膜或氰基胍）在振动装置中同时相互作用而获得的。反应产物通过红外光谱、酸碱电位滴定和粘度测定进行了表征。通过悬滴法和振荡悬滴法研究了合成的腐植酸衍生物的盐溶液表面层的张力和流变特性。已发现乙氧基氨基腐植酸盐的溶液在空气-水界面处表现出显着的表面活性。粘弹性模量对表面压力和乙氧基氨基腐植酸盐溶液浓度的实验依赖性与根据双分子吸附理论模型计算的函数非常一致。乙氧基氨基腐植酸结构中氨基的存在决定了它们在酸性 pH 范围内的高溶解度。将乙氧基和氨基同时引入腐植酸大分子中，使得获得一类新型表面活性剂成为可能，该表面活性剂结合了阴离子、阳离子和非离子表面活性剂三种功能。