Mango cultivation is expanding at latitudes further away from the equator. It is necessary to describe the behaviour of the species in response to the new environmental conditions and cultivation techniques it undergoes. Three years of phenological observations on mango (cvs. Keitt, Osteen, Tommy Atkins) grown in open air and greenhouse orchards located in Sicily, Italy, were clustered and synthesized into the main phenological phases of the species’ annual cycle, together with their duration. An accurate depiction of the environmental conditions and of the phenological phases on the mango tree throughout the year in the Mediterranean climate is presented. All three cultivars behaved similarly, and differences have emerged between the phenological cycle of mango in the Mediterranean and the one of its traditional cultivation areas: vegetative flushes in the open air happen after flowering rather than after harvest and are less intense. Flowering is consistently anticipated in the greenhouse with respect to open air, beginning before the end of winter, but this does not reflect in an earlier harvest. Mango trees in the open air remain quiescent for many months, while in the greenhouse the fruit development period is prolonged by the high temperatures. The description of the phenological cycle of mango in two different cropping conditions in the Mediterranean climate constitutes a reference for growers and researchers interested in the adaptation of the species to different growing conditions and allows to reconsider the thresholds for its cultivation.

芒果种植正在远离赤道的纬度地区扩大。有必要描述物种响应新环境条件和栽培技术的行为。对意大利西西里岛露天果园和温室果园种植的芒果（CVS. Keitt、Osteen、Tommy Atkins）进行了三年的物候观察，并将其汇总并综合为该物种年度周期的主要物候阶段及其持续时间。准确描述了地中海气候下芒果树全年的环境条件和物候阶段。所有三个品种都表现相似，地中海芒果的物候周期与其传统种植区之一之间出现了差异：露天的营养高峰发生在开花后而不是收获后，而且强度较小。与露天相比，温室中的开花预计在冬季结束前开始，但这并不反映在较早的收获中。露天的芒果树可以静止数月，而在温室中，高温会延长果实的发育期。对地中海气候两种不同种植条件下芒果物候周期的描述为对该物种适应不同生长条件感兴趣的种植者和研究人员提供了参考，并允许重新考虑其种植阈值。