Osteochondral allograft (OCA) transplantation involves grafting of natural hyaline cartilage and supporting subchondral bone into the cartilage defect area to restore its biomechanical and tissue structure. However, differences in biomechanical properties and donor-host matching may impair the integration of articular cartilage (AC). This study analyzed the biomechanical properties of the AC in different regions of different sites of the knee joint and provided a novel approach to OCA transplantation. Intact stifle joints from skeletally mature pigs were collected from a local abattoir less than 8 h after slaughter. OCAs were collected from different regions of the joints. The patella and the tibial plateau were divided into medial and lateral regions, while the trochlea and femoral condyle were divided into six regions. The OCAs were analyzed and compared for Young’s modulus, the compressive modulus, and cartilage thickness. Young’s modulus, cartilage thickness, and compressive modulus of OCA were significantly different in different regions of the joints. A negative correlation was observed between Young's modulus and the proportion of the subchondral bone (r = − 0.4241, P < 0.0001). Cartilage thickness was positively correlated with Young’s modulus (r = 0.4473, P < 0.0001) and the compressive modulus (r = 0.3678, P < 0.0001). During OCA transplantation, OCAs should be transplanted in the same regions, or at the closest possible regions to maintain consistency of the biomechanical properties and cartilage thickness of the donor and recipient, to ensure smooth integration with the surrounding tissue. A 7 mm depth achieved a higher Young's modulus, and may represent the ideal length.

同种异体骨软骨移植（OCA）涉及将天然透明软骨和支撑软骨下骨移植到软骨缺损区域，以恢复其生物力学和组织结构。然而，生物力学特性和供体-宿主匹配的差异可能会损害关节软骨（AC）的整合。本研究分析了膝关节不同部位不同区域AC的生物力学特性，为OCA移植提供了一种新的方法。屠宰后不到 8 小时从当地屠宰场收集骨骼成熟猪的完整后膝关节。 OCA 是从关节的不同区域收集的。将髌骨和胫骨平台分为内侧和外侧区域，而滑车和股骨髁分为六个区域。对 OCA 的杨氏模量、压缩模量和软骨厚度进行了分析和比较。 OCA的杨氏模量、软骨厚度和压缩模量在关节的不同区域存在显着差异。杨氏模量与软骨下骨比例呈负相关（r = − 0.4241，P  < 0.0001）。软骨厚度与杨氏模量（r = 0.4473，P  < 0.0001）和压缩模量（r = 0.3678，P  < 0.0001）呈正相关。 OCA移植过程中，OCA应移植在同一区域或尽可能接近的区域，以保持供体和受体的生物力学特性和软骨厚度的一致性，以保证与周围组织的顺利融合。 7 毫米的深度实现了更高的杨氏模量，并且可以代表理想的长度。