Abstract

New biamphiphilic surfactants (BSs) have been synthesized based on alkylmethylmorpholinium cation and dodecyl sulfate anion (Mor-n(DS), n = 4, 6, 8, 10). The structure of the biamphiphiles has been characterized by IR spectroscopy, ¹H NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. The aggregation behavior of the biamphiphiles in aqueous solutions has been assessed by tensiometry, conductometry, fluorescence spectroscopy (using a pyrene probe) and dynamic and electrophoretic light scattering. It has been shown that an increase in the hydrophobic tail length by two carbon atoms in an amphiphilic cation leads to an increase in the surface activity of the surfactant by ~5 units and a decrease in the aggregation threshold of the systems by 1.5–2 times. It has been established that the formation of aggregates with hydrodynamic diameters of 20–120 nm depending on the alkyl chain length of the alkylmethylmorpholinium cation and BS concentration. The zeta potential of the systems ranges from –25 to –100 mV and decreases with increasing biamphiphile concentration. Spectrophotometry has been employed to show a significant solubilization capacity of the biamphiphiles with respect to a hydrophobic dye Orange OT. The compounds obtained may be of interest for biomedical applications and other high-tech areas.

中文翻译：

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基于烷基甲基吗啉鎓阳离子和十二烷基硫酸根阴离子的新型多官能双亲表面活性剂

摘要

基于烷基甲基吗啉鎓阳离子和十二烷基硫酸根阴离子（Mor -n (DS), n = 4, 6, 8, 10）合成了新型双亲表面活性剂（BS） 。双亲物的结构已通过红外光谱、¹ H NMR 光谱、质谱和元素分析进行​​了表征。水溶液中双亲物的聚集行为已通过张力测定法、电导测定法、荧光光谱（使用芘探针）以及动态和电泳光散射进行了评估。研究表明，两亲性阳离子中疏水尾部长度增加两个碳原子会导致表面活性剂的表面活性增加约 5 个单位，并使系统的聚集阈值降低 1.5-2 倍。已经确定，流体动力学直径为 20-120 nm 的聚集体的形成取决于烷基甲基吗啉鎓阳离子的烷基链长度和 BS 浓度。系统的 zeta 电位范围为 –25 至 –100 mV，并随着双亲剂浓度的增加而降低。分光光度法已被用来显示双亲物对疏水性染料 Orange OT 的显着增溶能力。获得的化合物可能对生物医学应用和其他高科技领域感兴趣。