Abstract

Among the species of the genus Crotalaria L., Crotalaria juncea is the only cover crop cultivated for its fiber. The quality of the latter depends on the nutritional conditions, accumulation of biophilic elements in the biomass, and synthesis of proteinogenic amino acids. Thus, the purpose of this study was a qualitative and quantitative assessment of the green harvest at the active flowering stage, before the bean formation phase, when the entire biochemical cycle of the plant is reconfigured, and the biochemical indicators are maximum. The plants were grown for 140 days (from April 22 to September 9, 2023) in protected soil conditions. The experimental design consisted of two units of 50 plants each: in the first (control) unit, plants were grown in a soil mixture without any additives; in the second one, they were treated three times during the growing season with an organic suspension of humic acids (1000 ppm) obtained from sapropel (Pskov oblast, UDHSS) by applying it when watering at the root. The soil substrate in both cases was typical chernozem (Kamennaya Steppe Nature Reserve, Voronezh oblast, 51°01′41.6″ N, 40°43′39.3″ E) with a 20% addition of volcanic zeolite. Over the course of every 14 days, morphometric trends of the crop growth (height and dry biomass) were systematically recorded with the removal of five cultivars from each unit of options. After 140 days, the remaining five replicates per option were subjected to biochemical analysis by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using the 7500 and LC 1200 devices (Agilent Technologies, United States) according to the manufacturer’s method. Treatment with UDHSS increased productivity and shoot height by 51.1% and 11.3%, respectively. The microelement concentration order in the dry biomass was as follows: Na > K > Ca > S > P > Mg in the control option and Na > K > Ca > Mg > P > S in the UDHSS option, while the microelement export was observed as Fe > Mn > Zn > Ba > B > Cu > Mo and Fe > Mn > B > Zn > Ba > Cu > Mo. In total, the increase was more evident in the microelement accumulation due to a twofold increase in the concentration of iron ions. As for amino acids, L-lysine, L-glycine, L-glutamine, and L-tyrosine became higher. The first three are structural components of biological tissues indirectly indicative of an increase in the fiber strength of the plant culture.

中文翻译：

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在受保护的土壤条件（温室）中种植桑恩大麻 (Crotalaria juncea L.) 时使用腐植酸-腐泥悬浮液

摘要

在猪屎豆属的物种中，猪屎豆是唯一因其纤维而栽培的覆盖作物。后者的质量取决于营养条件、生物质中亲生物元素的积累以及蛋白氨基酸的合成。因此，本研究的目的是对在豆子形成阶段之前的活跃开花阶段的绿色收获进行定性和定量评估，此时植物的整个生化循环被重新配置，并且生化指标达到最大值。这些植物在受保护的土壤条件下生长了 140 天（从 2023 年 4 月 22 日到 9 月 9 日）。实验设计由两个单元组成，每个单元 50 株植物：在第一个（对照）单元中，植物生长在不含任何添加剂的土壤混合物中；在第二个实验中，在生长季节期间，通过在根部浇水时使用从腐泥土（普斯科夫州，UDHSS）获得的腐殖酸（1000 ppm）有机悬浮液对它们进行了三次处理。两种情况下的土壤基质都是典型的黑钙土（沃罗涅日州卡门纳亚草原自然保护区，北纬 51°01'41.6"，东经 40°43'39.3"），添加了 20% 的火山沸石。每 14 天，系统记录作物生长的形态趋势（高度和干生物量），并从每个选项单元中去除 5 个品种。140 天后，每个选项剩余的 5 次重复使用 7500 和 LC 1200 设备（美国安捷伦科技公司）通过电感耦合等离子体质谱 (ICP-MS) 和高效液相色谱 (HPLC) 进行生化分析。按照制造商的方法。UDHSS 处理使生产力和芽高分别提高了 51.1% 和 11.3%。干生物质中微量元素浓度顺序为：控制选项中Na > K > Ca > S > P > Mg，UDHSS选项中Na > K > Ca > Mg > P > S，同时观察到微量元素输出Fe > Mn > Zn > Ba > B > Cu > Mo 和 Fe > Mn > B > Zn > Ba > Cu > Mo。总体而言，由于铁离子。氨基酸方面，L-赖氨酸、L-甘氨酸、L-谷氨酰胺、L-酪氨酸升高。前三个是生物组织的结构成分，间接表明植物培养物纤维强度的增加。