The sea squirt Ciona robusta (formerly Ciona intestinalis type A) has been the subject of many interdisciplinary studies. Known as a vanadium-rich ascidian, C. robusta is an ideal model for exploring microbes associated with the ascidian and the roles of these microbes in vanadium accumulation and reduction. In this study, we discovered two bacterial strains that accumulate large amounts of vanadium, CD2-88 and CD2-102, which belong to the genera Pseudoalteromonas and Vibrio, respectively. The growth medium composition impacted vanadium uptake. Furthermore, pH was also an important factor in the accumulation and localization of vanadium. Most of the vanadium(V) accumulated by these bacteria was converted to less toxic vanadium(IV). Our results provide insights into vanadium accumulation and reduction by bacteria isolated from the ascidian C. robusta to further study the relations between ascidians and microbes and their possible applications for bioremediation or biomineralization.

海鞘Ciona robsta（以前称为Ciona Enteris A 型）一直是许多跨学科研究的主题。C.Robusta被称为富含钒的海鞘，是探索与海鞘相关的微生物以及这些微生物在钒积累和还原中的作用的理想模型。在这项研究中，我们发现了两种积累大量钒的细菌菌株CD2-88和CD2-102，它们分别属于假交替单胞菌属和弧菌属。生长培养基成分影响钒的吸收。此外，pH也是钒富集和定位的重要因素。这些细菌积累的大部分钒（V）转化为毒性较低的钒（IV）。我们的研究结果提供了从海鞘中分离出的细菌对钒的积累和还原的见解，以进一步研究海鞘和微生物之间的关系及其在生物修复或生物矿化方面的可能应用。