Intravenous thrombolysis (IT) and mechanical thrombectomy (MD) are the two interventional approaches that have changed the outcome of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Ipsilateral and contralateral carotid stenosis (ICS, CCS) play an important role in regulating cerebral hemodynamics, both in chronic and acute situations such as AIS. Several studies have explored their role in the incidence and severity of stroke, but very few have investigated the possible impact of ICS and CCS on the efficacy of interventional procedures. The purpose of this review was to I) highlight the incidence and prevalence of carotid stenosis (CS); II) assess the impact of ICS and CCS on cerebral hemodynamics; III) evaluate the effect of carotid stenosis on the efficacy of interventional therapies (IT and MT) for AIS; and IV) report therapeutic complications related to CS. We searched PubMed/Medline for case reports, reviews, and original research articles on English-language review topics during the period from January 1, 2000 to October 1, 2023. CS is associated with 15–20 % of the total number of AIS. ICS and CCS had a negative influence on both cerebral hemodynamics before AIS and outcome after interventional procedures (IT, MT alone or in bridging). Available data on cerebral hemodynamics and efficacy of interventional therapies for AIS suggest a negative role of CS. Therefore, early diagnosis of CS may be considered relevant to preventive and post-stroke treatment strategies.

中文翻译：

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颈动脉狭窄对接受再灌注治疗的中风患者结果的影响：叙述性回顾

静脉溶栓（IT）和机械取栓（MD）是改变急性缺血性脑卒中（AIS）患者预后的两种介入方法。同侧和对侧颈动脉狭窄（ICS、CCS）在调节脑血流动力学方面发挥着重要作用，无论是在慢性还是急性情况（如 AIS）中。多项研究探讨了它们在中风发生率和严重程度中的作用，但很少研究 ICS 和 CCS 对介入手术疗效的可能影响。本次综述的目的是 I) 强调颈动脉狭窄 (CS) 的发病率和患病率；II) 评估ICS和CCS对脑血流动力学的影响；III) 评估颈动脉狭窄对AIS介入治疗（IT和MT）疗效的影响；IV) 报告与 CS 相关的治疗并发症。我们在 PubMed/Medline 上检索了 2000 年 1 月 1 日至 2023 年 10 月 1 日期间有关英文评论主题的病例报告、评论和原始研究文章。CS 与 AIS 总数的 15-20% 相关。ICS 和 CCS 对 AIS 前的脑血流动力学和介入手术（单独的 IT、MT 或桥接）后的结果都有负面影响。关于脑血流动力学和 AIS 介入治疗疗效的现有数据表明 CS 具有负面作用。因此，CS 的早期诊断可能被认为与预防和中风后治疗策略相关。