Despite substantial progress in clinical trials of osteoarthritis (OA) gene therapy, the prevalence of OA is still on the rise. MiRNAs have a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for OA. OA cartilage and chondrosarcoma cells were studied to determine the role of miR-29a-3p and PTEN. OA cartilage and human chondrosarcoma cells (SW1353) were obtained. miR-29a-3p and PTEN signature expression was determined by RT-qPCR. The binding relationship between miR-29a-3p and PTEN was investigated by dual-luciferase reporter gene and western blot assay. TUNEL, immunohistochemistry, CCK-8, and flow cytometry were utilized to determine the proliferation and apoptosis of SW1353 cells. This study indicated downregulation of miR-29a-3p expression and upregulation of PTEN expression in human OA primary chondrocytes or OA tissue samples, compared with the normal cartilage cells or tissues. PTEN expression was negatively correlated with miR-29a-3p expression, and miR-29a-3p targeted PTEN mechanistically. miR-29a-3p reduced SW1353 cell activity and proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis. However, the aforementioned effects could be reversed by downregulating PTEN. miR-29a-3p can stimulate chondrocyte proliferation and inhibit apoptosis by inhibiting PTEN expression.

尽管骨关节炎（OA）基因治疗的临床试验取得了实质性进展，但 OA 的患病率仍在上升。miRNA 具有潜在的 OA 生物标志物和治疗靶点。研究了 OA 软骨和软骨肉瘤细胞以确定 miR-29a-3p 和 PTEN 的作用。获得OA软骨和人软骨肉瘤细胞(SW1353)。通过 RT-qPCR 测定 miR-29a-3p 和 PTEN 特征表达。通过双荧光素酶报告基因和蛋白质印迹法研究miR-29a-3p和PTEN之间的结合关系。采用TUNEL、免疫组化、CCK-8、流式细胞仪检测SW1353细胞的增殖和凋亡情况。本研究表明，与正常软骨细胞或组织相比，人 OA 原代软骨细胞或 OA 组织样本中 miR-29a-3p 表达下调，PTEN 表达上调。PTEN 表达与 miR-29a-3p 表达呈负相关，并且 miR-29a-3p 在机制上靶向 PTEN。miR-29a-3p 降低 SW1353 细胞活性和增殖并促进细胞凋亡。然而，上述效应可以通过下调 PTEN 来逆转。miR-29a-3p可以通过抑制PTEN表达来刺激软骨细胞增殖并抑制细胞凋亡。