Background/Aim

The aim of the study was to evaluate serum calprotectin (CLP) levels in familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) patients and to investigate the utility of CLP in distinguishing patients with attack from patients without attack.

Material and method

FMF patients, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, and healthy controls were included. Serum calprotectin levels were quantified utilizing the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to identify the cut-off value of serum CLP level to differentiate FMF patients with attack from those without. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors.

Results

Significant differences were observed among the three groups concerning white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and serum CLP levels (p = 0.003, p = 0.004, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, and p = 0.002, respectively). Higher ESR, CRP, and serum CLP levels were observed in FMF patients with attacks than those without (all, p < 0.001). Serum CLP was significantly higher in RA patients than in FMF patients in remission (p < 0.001). ROC analysis identified a threshold CLP concentration in FMF with an attack to be 47.1 pg/mL (83.3% sensitivity, 60.6% specificity, AUC = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.63–0.85, p < 0.001). In univariate logistic regression analysis, CLP (β = 1.045, 95% CI = 1.017–1.073, p = 0.001) was predictive of FMF patients experiencing an attack.

Conclusion

Serum CLP proves to be as productive as ESR in illustrating inflammation and demonstrating the existence of attacks in FMF patients.

中文翻译：

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血清钙卫蛋白在识别家族性地中海热发作中的作用

背景/目标

该研究的目的是评估家族性地中海热 (FMF) 患者的血清钙卫蛋白 (CLP) 水平，并研究 CLP 在区分发作患者和未发作患者方面的效用。

材料与方法

FMF 患者、类风湿性关节炎 (RA) 患者和健康对照均包括在内。利用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）方法对血清钙卫蛋白水平进行定量。接受者操作特征（ROC）曲线分析用于确定血清CLP水平的临界值，以区分有发作的FMF患者和没有发作的FMF患者。进行逻辑回归分析以确定预测因素。

结果

三组之间白细胞（WBC）、中性粒细胞、红细胞沉降率（ESR）、C反应蛋白（CRP）和血清CLP水平存在显着差异（p = 0.003，p = 0.004  ，p  < 0.001  ，分别为p  < 0.001 和p  = 0.002）。发生发作的 FMF 患者的 ESR、CRP 和血清 CLP 水平高于未发作的 FMF 患者（全部，p  < 0.001）。缓解期 RA 患者的血清 CLP 显着高于 FMF 患者 ( p  < 0.001)。ROC 分析确定 FMF 发作时 CLP 浓度阈值为 47.1 pg/mL（敏感性为 83.3%，特异性为 60.6%，AUC = 0.74，95% CI = 0.63–0.85，p  < 0.001）。在单变量 Logistic 回归分析中，CLP（β = 1.045，95% CI = 1.017–1.073，p  = 0.001）可预测 FMF 患者发生发作。

结论

事实证明，血清 CLP 与 ESR 一样能够有效地说明 FMF 患者的炎症和发作情况。