Abstract

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a highly infectious pathogen that poses a serious threat to human life and health. This study aimed to provide a scientific basis for the rational clinical use of antimicrobial drugs for treating MRSA infections and inform the development of preventive and control measures by analyzing the clinical distribution and resistance characteristics of MRSA in a hospital in Hebei China. To accomplish this, bacterial identification and drug sensitivity experiments were performed with 1858 Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) strains collected from a hospital from January 2018 to December 2022 using a phoenixTM-100 bacterial identification drug sensitivity analyzer. The experimental data were analyzed using WHONET 5.6 software, and the MRSA strains detected were analyzed for their clinical distribution and drug resistance. Of the 1858 S. aureus strains isolated, 429 were MRSA. Sputum samples had the highest MRSA detection rates (52.45%). Critical care medicine had the highest rate of MRSA (12.59%), followed by dermatology (9.79%). MRSA resistance to tetracycline increased by 13.9% over 5 years; resistance to quinupristin/dalfopristin also increased but remained low (1.9%). Resistance decreased to gentamicin, rifampicin, ciprofloxacin, and cotrimoxazole, though most significantly to erythromycin and clindamycin, exceeding 77% and 83%, respectively. No strains were resistant to vancomycin, teicoplanin, or linezolid, and drug resistance was most prevalent in patients ≥ 60 years old. This study will aid in improving the diagnosis and treatment of MRSA infections.

中文翻译：

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医院环境中耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌 (MRSA) 的患病率和抗生素耐药性模式：2018 年至 2022 年的回顾性研究

摘要

耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）是一种传染性极强的病原体，对人类生命健康构成严重威胁。本研究旨在通过分析河北省某医院MRSA的临床分布及耐药特征，为临床合理使用抗菌药物治疗MRSA感染提供科学依据，并为制定预防控制措施提供依据。为此，采用phoenixTM-100细菌鉴定药敏分析仪对2018年1月至2022年12月从某医院采集的1858株金黄色葡萄球菌（S. aureus ）进行细菌鉴定和药敏实验。采用WHONET 5.6软件对实验数据进行分析，对检测到的MRSA菌株进行临床分布和耐药性分析。在分离的1858 株金黄色葡萄球菌中，有 429 株是 MRSA。痰标本中MRSA检出率最高（52.45%）。重症医学科MRSA感染率最高（12.59%），其次是皮肤科（9.79%）。MRSA 对四环素的耐药性在 5 年内增加了 13.9%；对奎努普丁/达福普丁的耐药性也有所增加，但仍然较低（1.9%）。对庆大霉素、利福平、环丙沙星和复方新诺明的耐药性下降，但对红霉素和克林霉素的耐药性最为显着，分别超过 77% 和 83%。没有菌株对万古霉素、替考拉宁或利奈唑胺产生耐药性，耐药性在≥60岁的患者中最为普遍。这项研究将有助于改善 MRSA 感染的诊断和治疗。