Abstract

Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. passiflorae (FOP), stands out as an obstacle to the production of Passiflora edulis Sims. Little is known about the interaction of FOP with substrates and pH ranges that can be used in the development of management strategies or selection for resistance in Passiflora spp. Thus, the effect of different soil: manure or soil: coconut fiber ratios with pH ranging from acidic to alkaline on the production of FOP propagules was evaluated. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design, using four soil: manure or soil: coconut fiber ratios (5:0, 5:2, 5:4, 5:6 (v:v)). Each mixture’s pH was adjusted from 4.2 to 8.0 (soil: manure) or 4.2 to 9.7 (soil: coconut fiber). The production of microconidia, macroconidia, chlamydospores and colony forming units was evaluated at 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after substrate infestation. The greatest number of propagules was registered in the groups treated with the highest proportions of manure or coconut fiber. The use of manure, regardless of the pH range, provided increases of 98%, 48%, and 13% in the number of colony forming units, microconidia and chlamydospores, respectively, in relation to the spores produced in substrates using coconut fiber. However, the production of macroconidia was 66% higher when fiber was used. Chlamydospore production was not affected by substrate pH, unlike other propagules with greater activity at slightly acidic, neutral or alkaline pH. The use of soil plus cattle manure in the ratios 5:4 or 5:6 with a pH between 5.1 and 8.0 was associated with the highest production of FOP propagules.

中文翻译：

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pH 范围和底物有机物水平调节尖孢镰刀菌 (Fusarium oxysporum f) 的孢子形成。sp。受控条件下的西番莲

摘要

镰刀菌枯萎病，由尖镰孢f.引起。sp。西番莲(FOP) 是西番莲生产的一个突出障碍。关于 FOP 与底物和 pH 范围的相互作用知之甚少，而这些相互作用可用于制定管理策略或选择西番莲属的抗性。因此，评估了pH范围从酸性到碱性的不同土壤：粪肥或土壤：椰子纤维比例对FOP繁殖体生产的影响。该实验采用完全随机设计，使用四种土壤：粪肥或土壤：椰子纤维比例（5:0、5:2、5:4、5:6（v:v））。将每种混合物的 pH 值从 4.2 调整至 8.0（土壤：粪肥）或 4.2 至 9.7（土壤：椰子纤维）。在底物侵染后3、7、14、21和28天评估小分生孢子、大分生孢子、厚垣孢子和菌落形成单位的产生。在粪肥或椰子纤维比例最高的组中，繁殖体数量最多。与使用椰子纤维的基质中产生的孢子相比，无论 pH 范围如何，使用粪便的菌落形成单位、小分生孢子和厚垣孢子的数量分别增加了 98%、48% 和 13%。然而，使用纤维时，大分生孢子的产量提高了 66%。与在微酸性、中性或碱性 pH 下具有较高活性的其他繁殖体不同，厚垣孢子的产生不受底物 pH 的影响。以 5:4 或 5:6 的比例使用土壤和牛粪，pH 值在 5.1 至 8.0 之间，与 FOP 繁殖体的最高产量相关。