This paper presents a numerical study to investigate the effects of axial misalignment for the fillet welded cruciform joints using the traction stress method. A parametric study, involving 100 finite element (FE) models, was conducted with plate thickness and misalignments treated as independent parameters. In the parametric study, different fillet weld leg sizes were chosen based on the minimum criteria specified in the New Zealand standard (NZS 3404.1). Normalized shear traction stresses were calculated for each plate thickness and misalignments at different cut planes through the fillet weld. In each model, the maximum normalized shear stress occurred at an angle of 15° to the loading plate, which represents the critical angle for weld failure. Finally, based on the results of the parametric study, an equation for the multiplication factor was proposed for the cruciform joint to obtain the maximum normalized shear traction stress for different misalignments and weld size. The multiplication factor obtained from the FEA matched well with the multiplication factor predicted by the proposed equation, and reliability analysis was conducted to confirm the accuracy of the proposed equation.

本文提出了一项数值研究，利用牵引应力法研究轴向不对中对角焊十字形接头的影响。进行了一项参数研究，涉及 100 个有限元 (FE) 模型，并将板厚度和不对中视为独立参数。在参数研究中，根据新西兰标准 (NZS 3404.1) 中规定的最低标准选择了不同的角焊缝焊脚尺寸。计算了每个板厚度的归一化剪切牵引应力以及通过角焊缝的不同切割平面的错位。在每个模型中，最大归一化剪切应力出现在与加载板成 15° 角的位置，这代表焊接失败的临界角。最后，根据参数研究的结果，提出了十字形接头的乘法因子方程，以获得不同偏心度和焊缝尺寸的最大归一化剪切牵引应力。有限元分析得到的乘数与该方程预测的乘数吻合良好，并进行了可靠性分析以证实该方程的准确性。