Modern research findings for the interaction of two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide (primarily in the nanocrystalline state) with water and air moisture were analyzed. Studies focusing on water intercalation/deintercalation processes and mechanisms in nanocrystalline d-transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs, mainly 2D MoS₂) are at their initial stage. Intercalated water was found to significantly influence the multifunctional properties of 2D MoS₂ nanostructures and microsized powders. The need for interdisciplinary studies of 2D TMD nanostructures intercalated with water through complex mechanisms was justified. In particular, the studies should include the development of intercalation/deintercalation nanotechnologies, establishment of interrelationships between the intercalation processes/mechanisms and the state of actual surfaces and features of actual nanostructures, determination of differences in intercalation processes and mechanisms for various semiconductor and metallic nanostructures, and design of multifunctional low-dimensional van der Waals nanomaterials with controllable properties based on nanosized 2D/nD heterostructures (n = = 0, 1, 2, 3) intercalated with water. Promising applications for 2D MoS₂ nanostructures intercalated with water are as follows: nanotechnologies of heterostructures with abnormal water properties, tribological characteristics of solid lubricants with moisture present, nanotechnologies using water or aqueous solutions, sorbents and photocatalysts for water purification, electro(photo, piezo)catalysts for the production of hydrogen and oxygen through water electrolysis, as well as hydrovoltaic effects, air humidity sensors, biosensors, and disinfection agents (COVID-19 pandemic).

分析了二维二硫化钼（主要处于纳米晶态）与水和空气湿度相互作用的现代研究成果。纳米晶d-过渡金属二硫化物（TMD，主要是2D MoS ₂）中水的嵌入/脱嵌过程和机制的研究还处于起步阶段。研究发现插层水显着影响 2D MoS ₂纳米结构和微米级粉末的多功能特性。通过复杂机制对水插层的二维 TMD 纳米结构进行跨学科研究的必要性是合理的。特别是，研究应包括嵌入/脱嵌纳米技术的开发，建立嵌入过程/机制与实际表面状态和实际纳米结构特征之间的相互关系，确定各种半导体和金属纳米结构的嵌入过程和机制的差异，以及基于纳米级2D/nD异质结构（n = = 0, 1, 2, 3）插水的多功能低维范德瓦尔斯纳米材料的可控性能设计。_{嵌入水的2D MoS 2}纳米结构的前景应用如下：具有异常水性质的异质结构纳米技术、存在水分的固体润滑剂的摩擦学特性、使用水或水溶液的纳米技术、用于水净化的吸附剂和光催化剂、电（光、压电） ）通过水电解以及水伏效应生产氢气和氧气的催化剂、空气湿度传感器、生物传感器和消毒剂（COVID-19 大流行）。