A compact fiber-optical curvature sensor based on the hollow-core fiber (HCF) assisted microbubble Mach–Zehnder interferometer (HMZI) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Transmission spectral characteristics of the proposed curvature sensor have been investigated with a maximum intensity-interrogated sensitivity of − 1.48 dB/m⁻¹ in a curvature range from 1.22 m⁻¹ to 3.46 m⁻¹. The temperature-induced instability is measured below 0.30 dB in a large temperature range of 35 °C to 60 °C, suggesting a good temperature resistance performance. The overall sensing size is controlled to be around 600 μm. Hence, the HMZI curvature sensor has several desirable merits such as wide measurement range, temperature insensitivity, and ease of integration, which make it a promising candidate in curvature-related mechanical engineering and structural health monitoring applications.

提出并通过实验证明了一种基于空心光纤（HCF）辅助微泡马赫-曾德尔干涉仪（HMZI）的紧凑型光纤曲率传感器。已研究了所提出的曲率传感器的透射光谱特性，在1.22 m ^-1至3.46 m ^-1的曲率范围内，最大强度询问灵敏度为- 1.48 dB/m ^-1。在 35 °C 至 60 °C 的大温度范围内测得温度引起的不稳定性低于 0.30 dB，表明具有良好的耐温性能。整体传感尺寸控制在600μm左右。因此，HMZI曲率传感器具有多种理想的优点，例如测量范围宽、温度不敏感和易于集成，这使其成为曲率相关机械工程和结构健康监测应用的有前途的候选者。