Features peculiar to the synthesis of SiC–Si₃N₄–Si₂N₂O composite powder with a controlled content of silicon carbide, nitride, and oxynitride phases, as well as the structure and properties of hot-pressed ceramics produced from this powder, were examined. The optimal composition of the synthesized SiC–Si₃N₄–Si₂N₂O powder was achieved by heating a 1 : 3 mixture of thermally expanded graphite (TEG) and silicon up to 1200°C in air. The interaction of TEG with fine silicon at 1200°C led to the formation of a solid solution of carbon in silicon carbide, accompanied by heat release. The generated heat increased temperature within localized volumes of the TEG cellular structure to a level where air nitrogen facilitated the development of silicon nitride and oxynitride and an amorphous phase. The amorphous phase crystallized as the interaction time increased to 2.5 h. The duration of the process influenced the final distribution of the phases, formed with the participation of CO, SiO, and air nitrogen. The microstructure of the synthesized powder was characterized by a general agglomerated state, resulting from rod and plate forms of Si₃N₄ and Si₂N₂O. Hot pressing of the synthesized SiC–Si₃N₄–Si₂N₂O composite powder with Al₂O₃ and Y₂O₃ activators yielded superfine ceramics, possessing enhanced hardness and fracture toughness (HV10 = 20.7 GPa and K_Ic = 6.5 MPa · m^1/2). The structure of the ceramics sintered at 2000°C differed from those sintered at 1850°C, primarily by higher density and average grain size. The superfine state significantly influenced the abrasive wear resistance of the ceramics in dry friction conditions. The linear wear index of a sample with an average size of structural elements varying from 0.2 to 1.5 μm was 111 μm/km at a sliding speed of 1 m/sec under a load of 0.2 MPa. This was significantly lower than the linear wear index of industrial ceramics of reaction-sintered silicon carbide (RSSC), which was 232.4 μm/km.

_{控制碳化硅、氮化硅和氮氧化物相含量的SiC–Si 3} N ₄ –Si ₂ N ₂ O复合粉末的合成特征，以及由该粉末生产的热压陶瓷的结构和性能，进行了检查。通过将热膨胀石墨 (TEG) 和硅的 1:3 混合物在空气中加热至 1200°C，获得合成的SiC-Si ₃ N ₄ -Si ₂ N ₂ O粉末的最佳组成。TEG与细硅在1200℃下相互作用，导致碳在碳化硅中形成固溶体，并伴随放热。产生的热量将 TEG 蜂窝结构局部体积内的温度升高到空气氮促进氮化硅和氮氧化物以及非晶相形成的水平。当相互作用时间增加到 2.5 小时时，非晶相结晶。该过程的持续时间影响了在 CO、SiO 和空气氮的参与下形成的相的最终分布。合成粉末的微观结构特征为一般团聚状态，由 Si ₃ N ₄和 Si ₂ N _{2 O 的棒状和板状形成。合成的 SiC-Si 3} N ₄ -Si ₂ N ₂ O 复合材料的热压粉末与Al ₂ O ₃和Y ₂ O ₃活化剂一起制备超细陶瓷，具有较高的硬度和断裂韧性（HV10 = 20.7 GPa，K _Ic = 6.5 MPa·m ^1/2）。在 2000°C 下烧结的陶瓷的结构与在 1850°C 下烧结的陶瓷的结构不同，主要是密度和平均晶粒尺寸更高。超细状态显着影响陶瓷在干摩擦条件下的耐磨粒磨损性能。结构单元平均尺寸为0.2~1.5 μm的样品在0.2 MPa载荷下以1 m/sec滑动速度时的线性磨损指数为111 μm/km。这明显低于反应烧结碳化硅（RSSC）工业陶瓷的线性磨损指数（232.4μm/km）。