Secondary metabolites of plants are used to protect plants against fungal and bacterial diseases. This research evaluated the effect of 10 plant extracts prepared with either ethanol solvent or methanol solvent on the control of Sclerotium rolfsii, the causal agent of peanut white stem rot disease, under in vitro and greenhouse conditions. The plant extracts were extracted from Trachyspermum copticum, Ocimum basilicum, Eugenia caryophillata, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Thymus pubescens, Mentha aquatical, Urtica dioica, Rosmarinus officinalis, Artemisia dracunculus, and Viola odorata. The in vitro trials were conducted on both the ethanolic and methanolic extracts at different rates of 0, 0.5, 0.75, 0.125, and 1.0 in a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design in three replications. The greenhouse trials examined the effects of 10 net plant extracts on the morphological traits and peanut crown infection percentage. According to the in vitro trials, the highest inhibitory activity was observed in the ethanolic and methanolic extracts of E. caryophillata so that it fully inhibited the mycelial growth of the pathogen irrespective of its rate. In the greenhouse trials, E. camaldulensis among the ethanolic extracts and R. officinalis among the methanolic extracts were most effective in reducing disease severity. All studied plant extracts improved the vegetative traits of the peanuts. Based on the results, the extracts of E. caryophillata, E. camaldulensis, and R. officinalis can be used to biologically control peanut white stem rot disease. How plant extracts act has practical relevance for suppressing pathogenic fungi because they can provide useful information for preparing appropriate specific formulations.

植物的次生代谢产物用于保护植物免受真菌和细菌疾病的侵害。本研究评估了在体外和温室条件下用乙醇溶剂或甲醇溶剂制备的 10 种植物提取物对控制花生白茎腐病病原菌白核菌的效果。植物提取物是从粗子草、罗勒、丁香、赤桉、百里香、水生薄荷、荨麻、迷迭香、龙蒿和紫花地丁中提取的。体外试验是在基于完全随机设计的析因实验中以不同比率 0、0.5、0.75、0.125 和 1.0 对乙醇和甲醇提取物进行三次重复。温室试验检验了 10 种净植物提取物对形态性状和花生冠感染率的影响。根据体外试验，在石竹乙醇和甲醇提取物中观察到最高的抑制活性，因此无论其速率如何，它都能完全抑制病原体的菌丝生长。在温室试验中，乙醇提取物中的赤桉和甲醇提取物中的R. officinalis在降低疾病严重程度方面最为有效。所有研究的植物提取物都改善了花生的营养性状。根据该结果，石桉、赤桉和铁皮的提取物可用于生物防治花生白茎腐病。植物提取物的作用对于抑制病原真菌具有实际意义，因为它们可以为制备适当的特定制剂提供有用的信息。