The South China Sea is a typhoon-prone region, and previous studies have shown that typhoons have significant impacts on air-sea CO₂ fluxes. However, the effect of typhoons on the northern coastal area of the South China Sea is not well understood owing to limited observational data. In this study, we used a coupled model to simulate the impact of four typhoons (Hato, Mangkhut, Nida, and Merbok) on the partial pressure of CO₂ in seawater (pCO_2sea) and the CO₂ fluxes in this area. Our results show that the coupled model effectively reproduces the spatial pattern of pCO_2sea in this region. The response of pCO_2sea to typhoons was determined by typhoon-induced vertical mixing and coastal upwelling, along with initial oceanic conditions. Typhoon Nida caused a decrease in pCO_2sea with Total Alkalinity and Sea Surface Temperature being the primary factors. However, typhoons Hato, Mangkhut, and Merbok caused an increase in pCO_2sea with Dissolved Inorganic Carbon playing a more prominent role. The average CO₂ fluxes during the passage were approximately 6–14 times higher than those before typhoon passage. These results enhance our understanding of the effect of typhoons on air-sea CO₂ fluxes over the northern coastal area of the South China Sea.

中文翻译：

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模拟台风对南海北部沿岸海气CO2通量的影响

南海是台风多发区，前期研究表明台风对海气CO ₂通量有显着影响。然而，由于观测数据有限，台风对南海北部沿海地区的影响尚不清楚。在本研究中，我们采用耦合模型模拟了4个台风（天鸽、山竹、奈达和梅尔博克）对该区域海水中CO ₂分压（pCO _2sea）和CO ₂通量的影响。我们的结果表明，耦合模型有效地再现了该地区pCO _{2sea的空间格局。 pCO 2sea}对台风的响应是由台风引起的垂直混合和沿海上升流以及初始海洋条件决定的。台风“妮达”导致 pCO _2sea下降，其中总碱度和海面温度是主要因素。然而，台风“天鸽”、“山竹”和“山竹”导致 pCO _2sea增加，其中溶解无机碳的作用更为突出。台风通过期间平均CO ₂通量比台风通过前高约6-14倍。这些结果增强了我们对台风对南海北部沿海地区海气CO _{2通量影响的认识。}