Abstract

Globally, colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Dietary habits, inflammation, hereditary characteristics, and gut microbiota are some of its causes. The gut microbiota, a diverse population of bacteria living in the digestive system, has an impact on a variety of parameters, including inflammation, DNA damage, and immune response. The gut microbiome has a significant role in colon cancer susceptibility. Many studies have highlighted dysbiosis, an imbalance in the gut microbiota’s makeup, as a major factor in colon cancer susceptibility. Dysbiosis has the potential to produce toxic metabolites and pro-inflammatory substances, which can hasten the growth of tumours. The ability of the gut microbiota to affect the host’s immune system can also influence whether cancer develops or not. By better comprehending these complex interactions between colon cancer predisposition and gut flora, new preventive and therapeutic techniques might be developed. Targeting the gut microbiome with dietary modifications, probiotics, or faecal microbiota transplantation may offer cutting-edge approaches to reducing the risk of colon cancer and improving patient outcomes. The complex connection between the makeup of the gut microbiota and the emergence of colorectal cancer is explored in this narrative review.

中文翻译：

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肠道微生物群在结肠癌易感性中的作用：叙述回顾

摘要

在全球范围内，结直肠癌（CRC）是癌症相关死亡的主要原因。饮食习惯、炎症、遗传特征和肠道微生物群是其部分原因。肠道微生物群是生活在消化系统中的多样化细菌群，对多种参数有影响，包括炎症、DNA 损伤和免疫反应。肠道微生物群在结肠癌易感性中发挥着重要作用。许多研究都强调生态失调，即肠道微生物群组成的不平衡，是结肠癌易感性的一个主要因素。生态失调有可能产生有毒代谢物和促炎物质，从而加速肿瘤的生长。肠道微生物群影响宿主免疫系统的能力也会影响癌症是否发生。通过更好地理解结肠癌易感性和肠道菌群之间复杂的相互作用，可能会开发出新的预防和治疗技术。通过饮食调整、益生菌或粪便微生物群移植来靶向肠道微生物群可能会提供降低结肠癌风险和改善患者预后的前沿方法。这篇叙述性综述探讨了肠道微生物群的构成与结直肠癌的出现之间的复杂联系。