Abstract

The common use of antimicrobials in food-animal production can lead to drug residues in edible tissues for consumers. However, immunomodulators enhance immune responses and vaccine effectiveness. A new perspective explores bacterial extracellular bioactive molecules (EBMs) in food-animal production to modulate host immune responses, potentially transforming pathogen management and antimicrobial use. This study investigates the immunogenic potential of Aeromonas hydrophila-derived EBMs (Antigens) to enhance the immune system. Four Antigens were administered intraperitoneally to Oreochromis niloticus (Nile Tilapia). Antigens 2 and Antigens 3 boosted fish immune competence within 21 days. Remarkably, Antigens 3 induced robust immunity against A. hydrophila with a single dose, notably enhancing antibody-based immune responses. The increased antibody activity suggests Antigens 3 could be a vaccine candidate, promising further research and potential application in food-animal production to improve disease control. This study highlights immunomodulators' potential in reshaping disease management in the food-animal industry, emphasizing the benefits of focusing on bacterial EBMs to reduce reliance on antimicrobials and achieve sustainable disease prevention.

中文翻译：

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用气单胞菌衍生的抗原细胞外生物活性分子免疫的硬骨鱼的免疫调节和体液免疫反应

摘要

在食用动物生产中普遍使用抗菌剂可能会导致消费者的可食用组织中出现药物残留。然而，免疫调节剂可以增强免疫反应和疫苗效力。一种新的视角探索食用动物生产中的细菌细胞外生物活性分子（EBM）来调节宿主免疫反应，从而有可能改变病原体管理和抗菌药物的使用。本研究调查了嗜水气单胞菌衍生的 EBM（抗原）增强免疫系统的免疫原性潜力。将四种抗原腹膜内给予尼罗罗非鱼（尼罗罗非鱼）。抗原 2 和抗原 3 在 21 天内增强了鱼的免疫能力。值得注意的是，抗原 3 诱导了针对A 的强大免疫力。单剂量的嗜水性，显着增强基于抗体的免疫反应。抗体活性的增加表明抗原 3 可能是一种候选疫苗，有望在食品动物生产中进行进一步研究和潜在应用，以改善疾病控制。这项研究强调了免疫调节剂在重塑食品动物行业疾病管理方面的潜力，强调了关注细菌 EBM 可以减少对抗菌药物的依赖并实现可持续疾病预防的好处。