The review examines the main stages of cytokinin biosynthesis and metabolism with an emphasis on the important role of cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase (CKO/CKX) in cytokinin degradation. In this context, arguments are made for the crucial importance of this enzyme in maintaining a balanced level of cytokinins in plants. The role of CKX genes encoding cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase in determining plant resistance to abiotic stress factors and their yield was analyzed. The molecular genetic ways of regulating the activity of CKX genes are characterized. The results of research on the regulation of CKO/CKX activity in increasing the resistance to abiotic stress and crop yield are summarized and the biotechnological ways of realizing such opportunities are described. Prospects for finding substances that inhibit CKO/CKX activity to create preparations for agriculture are outlined separately. Prospective chemical inhibitors of CKO/CKX and their effects on cultivated plants are considered.

该综述研究了细胞分裂素生物合成和代谢的主要阶段，重点关注细胞分裂素氧化酶/脱氢酶（CKO/CKX）在细胞分裂素降解中的重要作用。在这种情况下，人们争论了这种酶在维持植物细胞分裂素平衡水平方面的至关重要性。分析了编码细胞分裂素氧化酶/脱氢酶的CKX基因在确定植物对非生物胁迫因素的抗性及其产量中的作用。描述了调节CKX基因活性的分子遗传学方式。总结了调节CKO/CKX活性在提高非生物胁迫抗性和作物产量方面的研究成果，并描述了实现这些机会的生物技术途径。寻找抑制 CKO/CKX 活性的物质来制造农业制剂的前景将单独概述。考虑了 CKO/CKX 的潜在化学抑制剂及其对栽培植物的影响。