In the current investigation, a total of 42 full-length, non-redundant small heat shock proteins (sHsp) were detected in Cyprinus carpio, Labeo rohita, Danio rerio, Salmo salar, Oncorhynchus mykiss, and Clupea harengus. The sHsp genes were classified into three groups based on phylogenetic analysis. All the sHsps were shown to have higher aliphatic index values, which is an indication that these proteins are more thermally stable. The hydrophilic nature of sHsps was deduced from the fact that all fish species had negative GRAVY scores. In all of the representative fish species, sHsp genes were assigned to distinct chromosomes in an inconsistent and unequal manner. Segmental duplications are the main events that have contributed to the expansion of the sHsp genes in all species. We were also able to determine the selective pressure that was placed on particular codons and discovered several significant coding sites within the coding region of sHsps. Eventually, diversifying positive selection was found to be connected with evolutionary changes in sHsp proteins, which showed that gene evolution controlled the fish adaption event in response to environmental conditions. Clarification of the links between sHsps and environmental stress in fish will be achieved through rigorous genomic comparison, which will also yield substantial new insights.

在目前的研究中，在鲤鱼、Labeo rohita、Danio rerio、Salmo salar、Oncorhynchus mykiss和Clupea harengus中总共检测到了 42 个全长、非冗余的小热休克蛋白 (sHsp) 。基于系统发育分析，sHsp 基因分为三组。所有 sHsps 均显示出较高的脂肪族指数值，这表明这些蛋白质具有更高的热稳定性。 sHsps 的亲水性是从所有鱼类的 GRAVY 分数均为负值的事实推断出来的。在所有代表性鱼类中，sHsp 基因以不一致且不平等的方式分配到不同的染色体。片段重复是导致所有物种中 sHsp 基因扩展的主要事件。我们还能够确定施加在特定密码子上的选择压力，并在 sHsps 编码区内发现了几个重要的编码位点。最终，人们发现多样化的正选择与 sHsp 蛋白的进化变化有关，这表明基因进化控制着鱼类对环境条件的适应事件。通过严格的基因组比较将阐明鱼类的小热休克蛋白与环境压力之间的联系，这也将产生大量的新见解。