-
GN-z11 in Context: Possible Signatures of Globular Cluster Precursors at Redshift 10 Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Peter Senchyna, Adele Plat, Daniel P. Stark, Gwen C. Rudie, Danielle Berg, Stéphane Charlot, Bethan L. James and Matilde Mingozzi
The first JWST spectroscopy of the luminous galaxy GN-z11 simultaneously established its redshift at z = 10.6 and revealed a rest-ultraviolet spectrum dominated by signatures of highly ionized nitrogen, which has so far defied clear interpretation. We present a reappraisal of this spectrum in the context of both detailed nebular modeling and nearby metal-poor reference galaxies. The N iv] emission
-
The NANOGrav 12.5-Year Data Set: Dispersion Measure Misestimations with Varying Bandwidths Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Sophia Valentina Sosa Fiscella, Michael T. Lam, Zaven Arzoumanian, Harsha Blumer, Paul R. Brook, H. Thankful Cromartie, Megan E. DeCesar, Paul B. Demorest, Timothy Dolch, Justin A. Ellis, Robert D. Ferdman, Elizabeth C. Ferrara, Emmanuel Fonseca, Nate Garver-Daniels, Peter A. Gentile, Deborah C. Good, Megan L. Jones, Duncan R. Lorimer, Jing Luo, Ryan S. Lynch, Maura A. McLaughlin, Cherry Ng, David
Noise characterization for pulsar-timing applications accounts for interstellar dispersion by assuming a known frequency dependence of the delay it introduces in the times of arrival (TOAs). However, calculations of this delay suffer from misestimations due to other chromatic effects in the observations. The precision in modeling dispersion is dependent on the observed bandwidth. In this work, we calculate
-
Multiple Beads on a String: Dark-matter-deficient Galaxy Formation in a Mini-Bullet Satellite–Satellite Galaxy Collision Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Joohyun Lee, Eun-jin Shin, Ji-hoon Kim, Paul R. Shapiro and Eunwoo Chung
Dark-matter-deficient galaxies (DMDGs) discovered in the survey of ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs), in apparent conflict with standard cold dark matter, may be produced by high-velocity galaxy–galaxy collisions, the so-called Mini-Bullet scenario. Recent observations of an aligned trail of 7–11 UDGs near NGC 1052, including DMDGs DF2 and DF4, suggesting a common formation event, ∼8.9 ± 1.5 Gyr ago, provide
-
New Insights on the Accretion Properties of Class 0 Protostars from 2 μm Spectroscopy Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Valentin J. M. Le Gouellec, Thomas P. Greene, Lynne A. Hillenbrand and Zoe Yates
Sun-like stars are thought to accrete most of their final mass during the protostellar phase, during which the stellar embryo is surrounded by an infalling dense envelope. We present an analysis of 26 K-band spectra of Class 0 protostars, which are the youngest protostars. Of these, 18 are new observations made with the Keck MOSFIRE instrument. H i Brγ, several H2, and CO Δv = 2 features are detected
-
Length and Velocity Scales in Protoplanetary Disk Turbulence Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Debanjan Sengupta, Jeffrey N. Cuzzi, Orkan M. Umurhan and Wladimir Lyra
In the theory of protoplanetary disk turbulence, a widely adopted ansatz, or assumption, is that the turnover frequency of the largest turbulent eddy, ΩL, is the local Keplerian frequency ΩK. In terms of the standard dimensionless Shakura–Sunyaev α parameter that quantifies turbulent viscosity or diffusivity, this assumption leads to characteristic length and velocity scales given respectively by and
-
Tip of the Red Giant Branch Distances with JWST: An Absolute Calibration in NGC 4258 and First Applications to Type Ia Supernova Hosts Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Gagandeep S. Anand, Adam G. Riess, Wenlong Yuan, Rachael Beaton, Stefano Casertano, Siyang Li, Dmitry I. Makarov, Lidia N. Makarova, R. Brent Tully, Richard I. Anderson, Louise Breuval, Andrew Dolphin, Igor D. Karachentsev, Lucas M. Macri and Daniel Scolnic
The tip of the red giant branch (TRGB) allows for the measurement of precise and accurate distances to nearby galaxies based on the brightest ascent of low-mass red giant branch stars before they undergo the helium flash. With the advent of JWST, there is great promise to utilize the technique to measure galaxy distances out to at least 50 Mpc, significantly further than the Hubble Space Telescope's
-
Evolution of the Interplanetary Turbulence and the Associated Turbulence Anisotropy in the Outer Heliosphere: VOYAGER 2 Observations Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Xingyu Zhu, Jiansen He, Gary P. Zank, Daniel Verscharen, Ling-Ling Zhao, Die Duan and Rong Lin
We study the radial evolution of the inertial-range solar wind plasma turbulence and its anisotropy in the outer heliosphere. We use magnetic field (B) measurements from the Voyager 2 spacecraft for heliocentric distances R from 1 to 33 au. We find that the perpendicular and trace power spectral densities (PSDs) of the magnetic field ( and ) still follow a Kolmogorov-like spectrum until 33 au. The
-
The Physical Properties of Low-redshift FeLoBAL Quasars. IV. Optical–Near-IR Spectral Energy Distributions and Near-IR Variability Properties Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Karen M. Leighly, Hyunseop Choi, 현섭 최, Michael Eracleous, Donald M. Terndrup, Sarah C. Gallagher and Gordon T. Richards
We present the optical–near-infrared spectral energy distributions (SED) and near-infrared variability properties of 30 low-redshift iron low-ionization Broad Absorption Line quasars (FeLoBALQs) and matched samples of LoBALQs and unabsorbed quasars. Significant correlations between the SED properties and accretion rate indicators found among the unabsorbed comparison sample objects suggest an intrinsic
-
AB Dor: Coronal Imaging and Activity Cycles Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Gurpreet Singh and J. C. Pandey
Using long-term X-ray observations, we present short-term and long-term X-ray variability analysis of the ultrafast rotating active star AB Dor. Flaring events are common in X-ray observations of AB Dor and occupy a substantial portion of the total observation time, averaging at around 57% ± 23%. The flare-free X-ray light curves show rotational modulation, indicating the presence of highly active
-
Exploring Changing-look Active Galactic Nuclei with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey V: First Year Results Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Grisha Zeltyn, Benny Trakhtenbrot, Michael Eracleous, Qian Yang, Paul Green, Scott F. Anderson, Stephanie LaMassa, Jessie Runnoe, Roberto J. Assef, Franz E. Bauer, W. N. Brandt, Megan C. Davis, Sara E. Frederick, Logan B. Fries, Matthew J. Graham, Norman A. Grogin, Muryel Guolo, Lorena Hernández-García, Anton M. Koekemoer, Mirko Krumpe, Xin Liu, Mary Loli Martínez-Aldama, Claudio Ricci, Donald P. Schneider
“Changing-look” active galactic nuclei (CL-AGNs) challenge our basic ideas about the physics of accretion flows and circumnuclear gas around supermassive black holes. Using first-year Sloan Digital Sky Survey V (SDSS-V) repeated spectroscopy of nearly 29,000 previously known active galactic nuclei (AGNs), combined with dedicated follow-up spectroscopy, and publicly available optical light curves, we
-
Constraints on UHECR Sources and Extragalactic Magnetic Fields from Directional Anisotropies Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Teresa Bister and Glennys R. Farrar
A dipole anisotropy in ultra–high-energy cosmic ray (UHECR) arrival directions, of extragalactic origin, is now firmly established at energies E > 8 EeV. Furthermore, the UHECR angular power spectrum shows no power at smaller angular scales than the dipole, apart from hints of possible individual hot or warm spots for energy thresholds ≳40 EeV. Here we exploit the magnitude of the dipole and the limits
-
Molecular Gas Tracers in Young and Old Protoplanetary Disks Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Dana E. Anderson, L. Ilsedore Cleeves, Geoffrey A. Blake, Chunhua Qi, Edwin A. Bergin, John M. Carpenter, Kamber R. Schwarz, Claire Thilenius and Ke Zhang
Molecular emission is used to investigate both the physical and chemical properties of protoplanetary disks. Therefore, to derive disk properties accurately, we need a thorough understanding of the behavior of the molecular probes upon which we rely. Here we investigate how the molecular line emission of N2H+, HCO+, HCN, and C18O compare to other measured quantities in a set of 20 protoplanetary disks
-
A New Window for Studying Intermediate Polars and Tilted Accretion Disk Precession Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Qi-Bin Sun, Sheng-Bang Qian, Li-Ying Zhu, Wen-Ping Liao, Er-Gang Zhao, Fu-Xing Li, Xiang-Dong Shi and Min-Yu Li
TV Col is a long-period eclipsing intermediate polar (IP) prototype star for the negative superhump (NSH) system. We investigate the eclipse minima, eclipse depth, and NSH amplitude based on TESS photometry. Using the same analytical method as for SDSS J081256.85+191157.8, we find periodic variations of O − C for eclipse minima and NSH amplitudes with periods of 3.939(25) days and 3.907(30) days, respectively
-
The Relationships among Solar Flare Impulsiveness, Energy Release, and Ribbon Development Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Cole A. Tamburri, Maria D. Kazachenko and Adam F. Kowalski
We develop the impulsiveness index, a new classification system for solar flares using the Solar Dynamics Observatory/Extreme Ultraviolet Experiment 304 Å Sun-as-a-star light curves. Impulsiveness classifies events based on the duration and intensity of the initial high-energy deposition of energy into the chromosphere. In stellar flare U-band light curves, Kowalski et al. found that impulsiveness
-
Exploring the Jet Formation in Binary Systems Applying 3D MHD Simulations Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Somayeh Sheikhnezami and Mostafa Sepahvand
We investigate the formation of an ideal magnetized jet that originates from a disk acting as a boundary by conducting axisymmetric MHD simulations. Our simulations demonstrate that the magnetized jet is consistently launched and reaches a stable state. To further advance our study, we extended the model setup to three dimensions and performed 3D MHD simulations of the jet launched from a disk surface
-
How Does the Structure of Rarefaction Regions Develop? Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Tereza Ďurovcová, Jana Šafránková and Zdeněk Němeček
A rarefaction region (RR) occurs at the trailing edge of the fast solar wind stream. It comes from an area of small longitudinal extent on the solar surface and exhibits a fine and complex structure. In our study, we did a superposed epoch analysis of the proton and α parameters across the RR and observed their gradual evolution. We did not find any clear boundary between the fast and slow solar winds
-
Gas and Star Formation in Satellites of Milky Way Analogs Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Michael G. Jones, David J. Sand, Ananthan Karunakaran, Kristine Spekkens, Kyle A. Oman, Paul Bennet, Gurtina Besla, Denija Crnojević, Jean-Charles Cuillandre, Catherine E. Fielder, Stephen Gwyn and Burçin Mutlu-Pakdil
We have imaged the entirety of eight (plus one partial) Milky Way (MW)–like satellite systems, a total of 42 (45) satellites, from the Satellites Around Galactic Analogs II catalog in both Hα and H i with the Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope and the Jansky Very Large Array. In these eight systems we have identified four cases where a satellite appears to be currently undergoing ram pressure stripping
-
METAL-Z: Measuring Dust Depletion in Low-metallicity Dwarf Galaxies Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Aleksandra Hamanowicz, Kirill Tchernyshyov, Julia Roman-Duval, Edward B. Jenkins, Marc Rafelski, Karl D. Gordon, Yong Zheng, Miriam Garcia and Jessica Werk
The cycling of metals between interstellar gas and dust is a critical aspect of the baryon cycle of galaxies, yet our understanding of this process is limited. This study focuses on understanding dust depletion effects in the low-metallicity regime (<20% Z⊙) typical of cosmic noon. Using medium-resolution UV spectroscopy from the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph on board the Hubble Space Telescope, gas-phase
-
Cost of Inferred Nuclear Parameters toward the f-mode Dynamical Tide in Binary Neutron Stars Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Bikram Keshari Pradhan, Tathagata Ghosh, Dhruv Pathak and Debarati Chatterjee
Gravitational-wave (GW) observations from neutron stars (NSs) in a binary system provide an excellent scenario to constrain the nuclear parameters. The investigation of Pratten et al. has shown that the ignorance of f-mode dynamical tidal correction in the GW waveform model of the binary NS system can lead to substantial bias in the measurement of NS properties and NS equations of state. In this work
-
Galactic Magnetic Fields. I. Theoretical Model and Scaling Relations Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Luke Chamandy, Rion Glenn Nazareth and Gayathri Santhosh
Galactic dynamo models have generally relied on input parameters that are very challenging to constrain. We address this problem by developing a model that uses observable quantities as input: the galaxy rotation curve, the surface densities of the gas, stars and star formation rate, and the gas temperature. The model can be used to estimate parameters of the random and mean components of the magnetic
-
Identifying Coronal Sources of L1 Solar Wind Disturbances Using the Fisk Heliospheric Magnetic Field and Potential Field Extrapolations during Three Solar Minima Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 P. J. Steyn, D. Johnson, G. J. J. Botha and S. Régnier
The solar minima between solar cycles 22–23, 23–24, and 24–25 are the best observed minima on record. In situ solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field measurements by the Wind and ACE spacecraft at L1 with 1 hr cadence are explored using wavelet analyses for the most quiescent year during each minimum. Times of local peaks in periodicities are identified in the solar wind velocity, magnetic field
-
Limits on the OH Molecule in the Smith High-velocity Cloud Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Anthony H. Minter, Felix J. Lockman, S. A. Balashev and H. Alyson Ford
We have used the Green Bank Telescope to search for the OH molecule at several locations in the Smith Cloud, one of the most prominent of the high-velocity clouds surrounding the Milky Way. Five positions with high H i column density were selected as targets for individual pointings, along with a square degree around a molecular cloud detected with the Planck telescope near the tip of the Smith Cloud
-
Characterization of Turbulent Fluctuations in the Sub-Alfvénic Solar Wind Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 G. P. Zank, L.-L. Zhao, L. Adhikari, D. Telloni, Prashant Baruwal, Prashrit Baruwal, Xingyu Zhu, M. Nakanotani, A. Pitňa, J. C. Kasper and S. D. Bale
Parker Solar Probe (PSP) observed sub-Alfvénic solar wind intervals during encounters 8–14, and low-frequency magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence in these regions may differ from that in super-Alfvénic wind. We apply a new mode decomposition analysis to the sub-Alfvénic flow observed by PSP on 2021 April 28, identifying and characterizing entropy, magnetic islands, forward and backward Alfvén waves
-
A Steep Decline in the Galaxy Space Density beyond Redshift 9 in the CANUCS UV Luminosity Function Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Chris J. Willott, Guillaume Desprez, Yoshihisa Asada, Ghassan T. E. Sarrouh, Roberto Abraham, Maruša Bradač, Gabe Brammer, Vince Estrada-Carpenter, Kartheik G. Iyer, Nicholas S. Martis, Jasleen Matharu, Lamiya Mowla, Adam Muzzin, Gaël Noirot, Marcin Sawicki, Victoria Strait, Gregor Rihtaršič and Sunna Withers
We present a new sample of 158 galaxies at redshift z > 7.5 selected from deep James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) NIRCam imaging of five widely separated sight lines in the CANUCS survey. Two-thirds of the pointings and 80% of the galaxies are covered by 12–14 NIRCam filters, including seven to nine medium bands, providing accurate photometric redshifts and robustness against low-redshift interlopers
-
Halo Asymmetry in the Modeling of Galaxy Clustering Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Anna Durkalec, Agnieszka Pollo and Ummi Abbas
Conventional studies of galaxy clustering within the framework of halo models typically assume that the density profile of all dark matter halos can be approximated by the Navarro–Frenk–White (NFW) spherically symmetric profile. However, both modern N-body simulations and observational data suggest that most halos are either oblate or prolate, and almost never spherical. In this paper we present a
-
Mid-infrared Properties of Narrow-line Seyfert 1 Galaxies Detected by LoTSS DR2 Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 Xu-Liang Fan
Narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies (NLS1s), a subclass of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in an early stage of the accretion process, are also found to host relativistic jets. However, currently known jetted NLS1s are rare. The majority of NLS1s are undetected at the radio band. The radio detection rate of NLS1s increases with the LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey (LoTSS), which provides a good opportunity for
-
ROME. IV. An Arecibo Search for Substellar Magnetospheric Radio Emissions in Purported Exoplanet-hosting Systems at 5 GHz Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 Matthew Route
Plasma flow–obstacle interactions, such as those between an exoplanet’s magnetosphere and the host star’s stellar wind, may lead to detectable radio emissions. Despite many attempts to detect magnetospheric (auroral) radio emissions from exoplanets, a reproducible, unambiguous detection remains elusive. This fourth paper of the Radio Observations of Magnetized Exoplanets (ROME) series presents the
-
Turbulence, and Proton and Electron Heating Rates in the Solar Corona: Analytical Approach Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 Laxman Adhikari, Gary P. Zank, Daniele Telloni, Lingling Zhao, Bingbing Wang, Gary Webb, Bofeng Tang and Katariina Nykyri
Analytical solutions for 2D and slab turbulence energies in the solar corona are presented, including a derivation of the corresponding correlation lengths, with implications for the proton and electron temperatures in the solar corona. These solutions are derived by solving the transport equations for 2D and slab turbulence energies and their correlation lengths, as well as proton and electron pressures
-
Radio-only and Radio-to-far-ultraviolet Spectral Energy Distribution Modeling of 14 ULIRGs: Insights into the Global Properties of Infrared Bright Galaxies Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 Subhrata Dey, Arti Goyal, Katarzyna Małek and Tanio Díaz-Santos
We present detailed spectral energy distribution (SED) modeling of 14 local ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs) with outstanding photometric data from the literature covering the ultraviolet–infrared (FIR) and radio bands (∼50 MHz to ∼30 GHz). We employ the CIGALE SED fitting code to model the ultraviolet–FIR–radio SED. For the radio-only SED modeling, we use the UltraNest package, leveraging
-
Probing Turbulent Scattering Effects on Suprathermal Electrons in the Solar Wind: Modeling, Observations, and Implications Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 Arnaud Zaslavsky, Justin C. Kasper, Eduard P. Kontar, Davin E. Larson, Milan Maksimovic, José M. D. C. Marques, Georgios Nicolaou, Christopher J. Owen, Orlando Romeo and Phyllis L. Whittlesey
This study explores the impact of a turbulent scattering mechanism, akin to those influencing solar and galactic cosmic rays propagating in the interplanetary medium, on the population of suprathermal electrons in the solar wind. We employ a Fokker–Planck equation to model the radial evolution of electron pitch angle distributions under the action of magnetic focusing, which moves the electrons away
-
Small and Large Dust Cavities in Disks around Mid-M Stars in Taurus Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 Yangfan Shi, 杨帆 施, Feng Long, 凤 龙, Gregory J. Herczeg, 雷歌 沈, Daniel Harsono, Yao Liu, Paola Pinilla, Enrico Ragusa, Doug Johnstone, Xue-Ning Bai, Ilaria Pascucci, Carlo F. Manara, Gijs D. Mulders and Lucas A. Cieza
High angular resolution imaging by Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) has revealed the near universality and diversity of substructures in protoplanetary disks. However, disks around M-type pre-main-sequence stars are still poorly sampled, despite the prevalence of M dwarfs in the Galaxy. Here we present high-resolution (∼50 mas, 8 au) ALMA Band 6 observations of six disks around mid-M
-
Unveiling the Initiation Route of Coronal Mass Ejections through Their Slow Rise Phase Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 Chen Xing, Guillaume Aulanier, Xin Cheng, Chun Xia and Mingde Ding
Understanding the early evolution of coronal mass ejections (CMEs), in particular their initiation, is the key to forecasting solar eruptions and induced disastrous space weather. Although many initiation mechanisms have been proposed, a full understanding of CME initiation, which is identified as a slow rise of CME progenitors in kinematics before impulsive acceleration, remains elusive. Here, with
-
Impact of Electron Precipitation on Brown Dwarf Atmospheres and the Missing Auroral H3+ Emission Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 J. Sebastian Pineda, Gregg Hallinan, Jean-Michel Desert and Leon K. Harding
Recent observations have demonstrated that very low-mass stars and brown dwarfs are capable of sustaining strong magnetic fields despite their cool and neutral atmospheres. These kilogauss field strengths are inferred based on strong, highly circularly polarized gigahertz radio emission, a consequence of the electron cyclotron maser instability. Crucially, these observations imply the existence of
-
Test for Echo: X-Ray Reflection Variability in the Seyfert-2 Active Galactic Nucleus NGC 4388 Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 Ben Gediman, Jon M. Miller, Abderahmen Zoghbi, Paul Draghis, Zaven Arzoumanian, W. N. Brandt and Keith Gendreau
We report on a study of the narrow Fe Kα line and reflection spectrum in the well-known Seyfert-2 active galactic nucleus (AGN), NGC 4388. X-ray spectra summed from two extensive NICER monitoring campaigns, separated by years, show strong evidence of variation in the direct continuum and reflected emission, but only small variations in the obscuring gas. Fits to the spectra from individual NICER observations
-
The First Spatially Resolved Detection of 13CN in a Protoplanetary Disk and Evidence for Complex Carbon Isotope Fractionation Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 Tomohiro C. Yoshida, Hideko Nomura, Kenji Furuya, Richard Teague, Charles J. Law, Takashi Tsukagoshi, Seokho Lee, Christian Rab, Karin I. Öberg and Ryan A. Loomis
Recent measurements of carbon isotope ratios in both protoplanetary disks and exoplanet atmospheres have suggested a possible transfer of significant carbon isotope fractionation from disks to planets. For a clearer understanding of the isotopic link between disks and planets, it is important to measure the carbon isotope ratios in various species. In this paper, we present a detection of the 13CN
-
Mass Assembly in Massive Star Formation: A Fragmentation Study of ATLASGAL Clumps Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 Jagadheep D. Pandian, Rwitika Chatterjee, Timea Csengeri, Jonathan P. Williams, Friedrich Wyrowski and Karl M. Menten
The mass assembly in star-forming regions arises from the hierarchical structure in molecular clouds in tandem with fragmentation at different scales. In this paper, we present a study of the fragmentation of massive clumps covering a range of evolutionary states, selected from the ATLASGAL survey, using the compact configuration of the Submillimeter Array. The observations reveal a wide diversity
-
Revealing the Variation Mechanism of ON 231 via the Two-component Shock-in-jet Model Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 Chi-Zhuo Wang and Yun-Guo Jiang
The variation mechanism of blazars is a long-standing unresolved problem. In this work, we present a scenario to explain diverse variation phenomena for ON 231, where the jet emissions are composed of the flaring and the less variable components (most probably from the post-flaring blobs), and the variation is dominated by shock-in-jet instead of the Doppler effect. We perform correlation analysis
-
Ultraviolet and Chromospheric Activity and Habitability of M Stars Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 Xue Li, Song Wang, Henggeng Han, Huiqin Yang, Chuanjie Zheng, Yang Huang and Jifeng Liu
M-type stars are crucial for stellar activity studies because they cover two types of magnetic dynamos and are particularly intriguing for habitability studies due to their abundance and long lifespans during the main-sequence stage. In this paper, we used the LAMOST DR9 catalog and the GALEX UV archive data to investigate the chromospheric and UV activities of M-type stars. All the chromospheric and
-
Comprehensive High-resolution Chemical Spectroscopy of Barnard’s Star with SPIRou Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 Farbod Jahandar, René Doyon, Étienne Artigau, Neil J. Cook, Charles Cadieux, David Lafrenière, Thierry Forveille, Jean-François Donati, Pascal Fouqué, Andrés Carmona, Ryan Cloutier, Paul Cristofari, Eric Gaidos, João Gomes da Silva, Lison Malo, Eder Martioli, J.-D. do Nascimento, Stefan Pelletier, Thomas Vandal and Kim Venn
Determination of fundamental parameters of stars impacts all fields of astrophysics, from galaxy evolution to constraining the internal structure of exoplanets. This paper presents a detailed spectroscopic analysis of Barnard’s star (otherwise known as Gl 699) that compares an exceptionally high-quality (an average signal-to-noise ratio of ∼1000 in the entire domain), high-resolution near-infrared
-
Nonlinear Wave Damping by Kelvin–Helmholtz Instability-induced Turbulence Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 Andrew Hillier, Iñigo Arregui and Takeshi Matsumoto
Magnetohydrodynamic kink waves naturally form as a consequence of perturbations to a structured medium, for example, transverse oscillations of coronal loops. Linear theory has provided many insights into the evolution of linear oscillations, and results from these models are often applied to infer information about the solar corona from observed wave periods and damping times. However, simulations
-
The Size–Linewidth Relation and Signatures of Feedback from Quiescent to Active Star Forming Regions in the LMC Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 Alex Green, Tony Wong, Rémy Indebetouw, Omnarayani Nayak, Alberto Bolatto, Elizabeth Tarantino, Mónica Rubio, Suzanne C. Madden and Alec S. Hirschauer
To investigate the effects of stellar feedback on the gravitational state of giant molecular clouds (GMCs), we study 12CO and 13CO Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array maps of nine GMCs distributed throughout the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), the nearest star-forming galaxy to our own. We perform noise and resolution matching on the sample, working at a common resolution of 3.″5 (0.85 pc at
-
Exploring the Coronal Magnetic Field with Galactic Cosmic Rays: The Sun Shadow Observed by HAWC Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, K. P. Arunbabu, D. Avila Rojas, R. Babu, E. Belmont-Moreno, K. S. Caballero-Mora, T. Capistrán, A. Carramiñana, S. Casanova, P. Colín-Farias, U. Cotti, J. Cotzomi, S. Coutiño de León, E. De la Fuente, C. de León, D. Depaoli, R. Diaz Hernandez, J. C. Díaz-Vélez, M. Durocher, M. A. DuVernois, K. Engel, C. Espinoza, K. L. Fan, N. Fraija, J. A. García-González
Galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) are charged particles that reach the heliosphere almost isotropically in a wide energy range. In the inner heliosphere, the GCR flux is modulated by solar activity so that only energetic GCRs reach the lower layers of the solar atmosphere. In this work, we propose that high-energy GCRs can be used to explore the solar magnetic fields at low coronal altitudes. We used GCR
-
Probing the Stellar Populations and Star Formation History of Early-type Galaxies at 0 < z < 1.1 in the Rest-frame Ultraviolet Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 Sadman S. Ali, Roberto De Propris, Chul Chung, Steven Phillipps, Malcolm N. Bremer, Masato Onodera, Marcin Sawicki, Guillaume Desprez and Stephen Gwyn
We measure the evolution of the rest-frame near-ultraviolet (NUV)−V colors for early-type galaxies in clusters at 0 < z < 1.1 using data from the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program, CFHT Large Area U-band Deep Survey, and local Sloan Digital Sky Survey clusters observed with Galaxy Evolution Explorer. Our results show that there is an excess in the ultraviolet spectrum in most quiescent galaxies
-
A New Dissociative Galaxy Cluster Merger: RM J150822.0+575515.2 Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 Rodrigo Stancioli, David Wittman, Kyle Finner and Faik Bouhrik
Galaxy cluster mergers that exhibit clear dissociation between their dark matter, intracluster gas, and stellar components are great laboratories for probing dark matter properties. Mergers that are binary and in the plane of the sky have the additional advantage of being simpler to model, allowing for a better understanding of the merger dynamics. We report the discovery of a galaxy cluster merger
-
Unusually Low-frequency Whistler-mode Waves and Their Association with High-energy Protons Observed Upstream of Martian Bow Shock Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 Taifeng Jin, Binbin Ni, Song Fu, Li Lei, Xing Cao, Shuyue Pang, Xiaotong Yun, Minyi Long and Hengle Du
Whistler-mode waves upstream of planetary bow shock are often referred to as “1-Hz waves” due to the center of their observed frequency range being at ∼1 Hz. A series of whistler-mode waves were observed upstream of the Martian bow shock by MAVEN on 2015 August 14, with unusually low frequencies centered at ∼0.4 Hz. These waves were accompanied (though not synchronized) by the significant flux enhancement
-
A Consistent Explanation for the Unusual Initial Mass Function and Star Formation Rate in the Central Molecular Zone (CMZ) Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 Gilles Chabrier and Pierre Dumond
We examine various physical processes that may explain the shallow high-mass slope of the initial mass function (IMF), as well as the low star formation rate (SFR) in star-forming molecular clouds (MCs) in the Central Molecular Zone (CMZ). We show that the strong tidal field and shear experienced by the CMZ have opposite effects on the collapse of density fluctuations and cannot explain these properties
-
Magnetic Flux Plays an Important Role during a Black Hole X-Ray Binary Outburst in Radiative Two-temperature General Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 M. T. P. Liska, N. Kaaz, K. Chatterjee, Razieh Emami and G. Musoke
Black hole (Bh) X-ray binaries cycle through different spectral states of accretion over the course of months to years. Although persistent changes in the Bh mass accretion rate are generally recognized as the most important component of state transitions, it is becoming increasingly evident that magnetic fields play a similarly important role. In this article, we present the first radiative two-temperature
-
Phase and Morphology of Water-ice Grains Formed in a Cryogenic Laboratory Plasma Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 André Nicolov, Murthy S. Gudipati and Paul M. Bellan
Grains of ice are formed spontaneously when water vapor is injected into a weakly ionized laboratory plasma in which the background gas has been cooled to cryogenic temperatures comparable to those of deep space. These ice grains are levitated indefinitely within the plasma so that their time evolution can be observed under free-floating conditions. Using microscope imaging, ice grains are shown to
-
The Relativistic Spin Precession in the Compact Double Neutron Star System PSR J1946+2052 Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 Lingqi Meng, Weiwei Zhu, Michael Kramer, Xueli Miao, Gregory Desvignes, Lijing Shao, Huanchen Hu, Paulo C. C. Freire, Yongkun Zhang, Mengyao Xue, Ziyao Fang, David J. Champion, Mao Yuan, Chenchen Miao, Jiarui Niu, Qiuyang Fu, Jumei Yao, Yanjun Guo and Chengmin Zhang
We observe systematic profile changes in the visible pulsar of the compact double neutron star system PSR J1946+2052 using observations with the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST). The interpulse of PSR J1946+2052 changed from a single-peak to a double-peak shape from 2018–2021. We attribute this evolution as the result of the relativistic spin precession of the pulsar. With
-
The Impact of Cometary “Impacts” on the Chemistry, Climate, and Spectra of Hot Jupiter Atmospheres Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-23 F. Sainsbury-Martinez and C. Walsh
Impacts from icy and rocky bodies have helped shape the composition of Solar System objects; for example, the Earth–Moon system, or the recent impact of comet Shoemaker–Levy 9 with Jupiter. It is likely that such impacts also shape the composition of exoplanetary systems. Here, we investigate how cometary impacts might affect the atmospheric composition/chemistry of hot Jupiters, which are prime targets
-
Abell 746: A Highly Disturbed Cluster Undergoing Multiple Mergers Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-23 K. Rajpurohit, L. Lovisari, A. Botteon, C. Jones, W. Forman, E. O’Sullivan, R. J. van Weeren, K. HyeongHan, A. Bonafede, M. J. Jee, F. Vazza, G. Brunetti, H. Cho, P. Domínguez-Fernández, A. Stroe, K. Finner, M. Brüggen, J. M. Vrtilek, L. P. David, G. Schellenberger, D. Wittman, G. Lusetti, R. Kraft and F. De Gasperin
We present deep XMM-Newton, Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array, and upgraded Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope observations of Abell 746, a cluster that hosts a plethora of diffuse emission sources that provide evidence for the acceleration of relativistic particles. Our new XMM-Newton images reveal a complex morphology of the thermal gas with several substructures. We observe an asymmetric temperature
-
Multiwavelength Observations of Multiple Eruptions of the Recurrent Nova M31N 2008-12a Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-23 Judhajeet Basu, M. Pavana, G. C. Anupama, Sudhanshu Barway, Kulinder Pal Singh, Vishwajeet Swain, Shubham Srivastav, Harsh Kumar, Varun Bhalerao, L. S. Sonith and G. Selvakumar
We report the optical, UV, and soft X-ray observations of the 2017–2022 eruptions of the recurrent nova M31N 2008-12a. We find a cusp feature in the - and -band light curves close to the peak, which could be related to jets. The geometry of the nova ejecta based on morpho-kinematic modeling of the Hα emission line indicates an extended jet-like bipolar structure. Spectral modeling indicates an ejecta
-
The Heavy Metal Survey: Star Formation Constraints and Dynamical Masses of 21 Massive Quiescent Galaxies at z = 1.3–2.3 Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-23 Mariska Kriek, Aliza G. Beverage, Sedona H. Price, Katherine A. Suess, Guillermo Barro, Rachel S. Bezanson, Charlie Conroy, Sam E. Cutler, Marijn Franx, Jamie Lin, Brian Lorenz, Yilun Ma, Ivelina G. Momcheva, Lamiya A. Mowla, Imad Pasha, Pieter van Dokkum and Katherine E. Whitaker
In this paper, we present the Heavy Metal Survey, which obtained ultradeep medium-resolution spectra of 21 massive quiescent galaxies at 1.3 < z < 2.3 with Keck/LRIS and MOSFIRE. With integration times of up to 16 hr per band per galaxy, we observe numerous Balmer and metal absorption lines in atmospheric windows. We successfully derive spectroscopic redshifts for all 21 galaxies, and for 19 we also
-
Emulating Power Spectra for Prereconstructed and Postreconstructed Galaxy Samples Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-23 Yuting Wang, Ruiyang Zhao, Zhongxu Zhai, Kazuya Koyama, Will J. Percival, Hong Guo, Yin Li, Gong-Bo Zhao, Takahiro Nishimichi, Héctor Gil-Marín, Yonghao Feng, Hanyu Zhang and Yi Wu
The small-scale linear information in galaxy samples typically lost during nonlinear growth can be restored to a certain level by the density field reconstruction, which has been demonstrated for improving the precision of the baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) measurements. As proposed in the literature, a joint analysis of the power spectrum before and after the reconstruction enables an efficient
-
The Relationships between Emission Geometry and Jitter Noise in Millisecond Pulsars Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-23 R. Yuen
The relationships between several parameters of an emission geometry and jitter noise in 17 millisecond pulsars (MSPs) are investigated. By assuming the jitter noise is due only to a pulse variation in phase, the former can be modeled as changes in the plasma flow rate leading to variation in the measured pulse arrival time relative to the predicted time. In the model for pulsar magnetospheres with
-
CGOLS V: Disk-wide Stellar Feedback and Observational Implications of the Cholla Galactic Wind Model Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-23 Evan E. Schneider and S. Alwin Mao
We present the fifth simulation in the Cholla Galactic OutfLow Simulation (CGOLS) project—a set of isolated starburst galaxy simulations modeled over large scales (10 kpc) at uniformly high resolution (Δx ≈ 5 pc). Supernova feedback in this simulation is implemented as a disk-wide distribution of clusters, and we assess the impact of this geometry on several features of the resulting outflow, including
-
Extragalactic Magnetism with SOFIA (SALSA Legacy Program). VII. A Tomographic View of Far-infrared and Radio Polarimetric Observations through MHD Simulations of Galaxies Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-23 Sergio Martin-Alvarez, Enrique Lopez-Rodriguez, Tara Dacunha, Susan E. Clark, Alejandro S. Borlaff, Rainer Beck, Francisco Rodríguez Montero, Seoyoung L. Jung, Julien Devriendt, Adrianne Slyz, Julia Christine Roman-Duval, Evangelia Ntormousi, Mehrnoosh Tahani, Kandaswamy Subramanian, Daniel A. Dale, Pamela M. Marcum, Konstantinos Tassis, Ignacio del Moral-Castro, Le Ngoc Tram and Matt J. Jarvis
The structure of magnetic fields in galaxies remains poorly constrained, despite the importance of magnetism in the evolution of galaxies. Radio synchrotron and far-infrared (FIR) polarization and polarimetric observations are the best methods to measure galactic scale properties of magnetic fields in galaxies beyond the Milky Way. We use synthetic polarimetric observations of a simulated galaxy to
-
The Gasing Pangkah Collaboration. I. Asteroseismic Identification and Characterization of a Rapidly Rotating Engulfment Candidate* Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-23 J. M. Joel Ong, 加冕 王, Marc Teng Yen Hon, Melinda Soares-Furtado, Alexander P. Stephan, Jennifer van Saders, Jamie Tayar, Benjamin Shappee, Daniel R. Hey, Lyra Cao, Mutlu Yıldız, Zeynep Çelik Orhan, Sibel Örtel, Benjamin Montet, Thomas W.-S. Holoien, Joss Bland-Hawthorn, Sven Buder, Gayandhi M. De Silva, Ken C. Freeman, Sarah L. Martell, Geraint F. Lewis, Sanjib Sharma and Dennis Stello
We report the discovery and characterization of TIC 350842552 (“Zvrk”), an apparently isolated, rapidly rotating (Prot ∼ 99 days) red giant observed by TESS in its southern Continuous Viewing Zone. The star’s fast surface rotation is independently verified by the use of p-mode asteroseismology, strong periodicity in TESS and ASAS-SN photometry, and measurements of spectroscopic rotational broadening
-
Signatures of Tidal Disruption of the Hercules Ultrafaint Dwarf Galaxy* Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-23 Xiaowei Ou, 筱葳 欧, Anirudh Chiti, Nora Shipp, Joshua D. Simon, Marla Geha, Anna Frebel, Mohammad K. Mardini, Denis Erkal and Lina Necib
The Hercules ultrafaint dwarf galaxy (UFD) has long been hypothesized to be tidally disrupting, yet no conclusive evidence has been found for tidal disruption owing partly to difficulties in identifying Hercules member stars. In this work, we present a homogeneous reanalysis of new and existing observations of Hercules, including the detection of a new potential member star located ∼1° (∼1.7 kpc) west
-
Investigating Protostellar Accretion-driven Outflows across the Mass Spectrum: JWST NIRSpec Integral Field Unit 3–5 μm Spectral Mapping of Five Young Protostars Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-23 Samuel A. Federman, S. Thomas Megeath, Adam E. Rubinstein, Robert Gutermuth, Mayank Narang, Himanshu Tyagi, P. Manoj, Guillem Anglada, Prabhani Atnagulov, Henrik Beuther, Tyler L. Bourke, Nashanty Brunken, Alessio Caratti o Garatti, Neal J. Evans, William J. Fischer, Elise Furlan, Joel D. Green, Nolan Habel, Lee Hartmann, Nicole Karnath, Pamela Klaassen, Hendrik Linz, Leslie W. Looney, Mayra Osorio
Investigating Protostellar Accretion is a Cycle 1 JWST program using the NIRSpec+MIRI integral field units to obtain 2.9–28 μm spectral cubes of five young protostars with luminosities of 0.2–10,000 L⊙ in their primary accretion phase. This paper introduces the NIRSpec 2.9–5.3 μm data of the inner 840–9000 au with spatial resolutions from 28 to 300 au. The spectra show rising continuum emission; deep