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IL-22, a vital cytokine in autoimmune diseases Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-23 Jiajin Li, Zhen Wu, Yuxin Wu, Xin Yu Hu, Jun Yang, Dacheng Zhu, Mingyue Wu, Xin Li, Lutterodt Bentum-Ennin, Wanglai Hu
Summary Interleukin-22 (IL-22) is a vital cytokine that is dysregulated in various autoimmune conditions including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), multiple sclerosis (MS), and Alzheimer's disease (AD). As the starting point for the activation of numerous signaling pathways, IL-22 plays an important role in the initiation and development of autoimmune diseases. Specifically, imbalances in IL-22 signaling
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NK-like CD8 T Cell: One Potential Evolutionary Continuum between Adaptive Memory and Innate Immunity Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-23 Qiulei Wang, Shaodan Chen, Zhenhong Guo, Sheng Xia, Minghui Zhang
SUMMARY CD8 T cells are crucial adaptive immune cells with cytotoxicity to fight against pathogens or abnormal self-cells via major histocompatibility complex class I-dependent priming pathways. The composition of the memory CD8 T cell pool is influenced by various factors. Physiological aging, chronic viral infection, and autoimmune diseases promote the accumulation of CD8 T cells with highly differentiated
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Genomic Testing Identifies Monogenic Causes in Patients with Very Early-Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Multi-center Survey in an Iranian Cohort Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-23 Golnaz Eslamian, Mahnaz Jamee, Tooba Momen, Pejman Rohani, Sarehossadat Ebrahimi, Mehrnaz Mesdaghi, Soodeh Ghadimi, Mahboubeh Mansouri, Seyed Alireza Mahdaviani, Mahnaz Sadeghi-shabestari, Morteza Fallahpour, Bibi Shahin Shamsian, Narges Eslami, Samin Sharafian, Naghi Dara, Peiman Nasri, Niloufar Amini, Javad Enayat, Mazdak Fallahi, Leila Ghasemi Hashtrodi, Mohammad Shojaei, Martha Guevara Becerra
Patients with very early-onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEO-IBD) may present because of underlying monogenic inborn errors of immunity (IEI). Strong differences have been observed in the causes of monogenic IBD among ethnic populations. This multi-center study was carried out on 16 Iranian patients with VEO-IBD. We reviewed clinical and basic immunologic evaluation including flow cytometry and immunoglobulin
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Targeting T-bet expressing B cells for therapeutic interventions in autoimmunity Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-22 Athanasios Sachinidis, Malamatenia Lamprinou, Theodoros Dimitroulas, Alexandros Garyfallos
Summary Apart from serving as a Th1 lineage commitment regulator, transcription factor T-bet is also expressed in other immune cell types and thus orchestrates their functions. In case of B cells, more specifically, T-bet is responsible for their isotype switching to specific IgG sub-classes (IgG2a/c in mice and IgG1/3 in humans). In various autoimmune disorders, such as systemic lupus erythematosus
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Disrupting B and T cell Collaboration in Autoimmune Disease: T cell engagers versus CAR T cell therapy? Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-21 Kavina Shah, Maria Leandro, Mark Cragg, Florian Kollert, Franz Schuler, Christian Klein, Venkat Reddy
Summary B and T cells collaborate to drive autoimmune disease (AID). Historically, B and T cell (B-T cell) co-interaction was targeted through different pathways such as alemtuzumab, abatacept, and dapirolizumab with variable impact on B cell depletion (BCD), whereas the majority of patients with AID including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis and organ transplantation
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Obesity Differs from Diabetes Mellitus in Antibody and T Cell Responses Post COVID-19 Recovery Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-20 Mohammad Ali, Stephanie Longet, Isabel Neale, Patpong Rongkard, Forhad Uddin Hassan Chowdhury, Jennifer Hill, Anthony Brown, Stephen Laidlaw, Tom Tipton, Ashraful Hoque, Nazia Hassan, Carl-Philipp Hackstein, Sandra Adele, Hossain Delowar Akther, Priyanka Abraham, Shrebash Paul, Md Matiur Rahman, Md Masum Alam, Shamima Parvin, Forhadul Hoque Mollah, Md Mozammel Hoque, Shona C Moore, Subrata K Biswas
Obesity and type 2 diabetes (DM) are risk factors for severe COVID-19 outcomes, which disproportionately affect South Asian populations. This study aims to investigate the humoral and cellular immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 in adult COVID-19 survivors with obesity and DM in Bangladesh. In this cross-sectional study, SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody and T cell responses were investigated in 63 healthy and
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Dysregulated Lipid Metabolism Networks Modulate T-cell Function in People with Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Lucia Martin-Gutierrez, Kirsty E Waddington, Annalisa Maggio, Leda Coelewij, Alexandra Oppong, Nina Yang, Marsilio Adriani, Petra Nytrova, Rachel Farrell, Inés Pineda-Torra, Elizabeth C Jury
Altered cholesterol, oxysterol, sphingolipid, and fatty acid concentrations are reported in blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and brain tissue of people with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and are linked to disease progression and treatment responses. CD4+ T cells are pathogenic in RRMS, and defective T cell function could be mediated in part by liver X receptors (LXRs) - nuclear receptors
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Immune cell composition and inflammatory profile of human peri-implantitis and periodontitis lesions Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-15 Sebastian Malmqvist, Reuben Clark, Gunnar Johannsen, Annsofi Johannsen, Elisabeth A Boström, Ronaldo Lira-Junior
Peri-implantitis and periodontitis are common oral inflammatory diseases, which seem to exhibit critical differences in some of their molecular features. Thus, we assessed the immune cell composition of peri-implantitis and periodontitis lesions and the corresponding inflammatory profile in soft tissues and crevicular fluid. Peri-implantitis, periodontitis and control patients were recruited (n=62)
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Allergens induce upregulated IL-18 and IL-18Rα expression in blood Th2 and Th17 cells of patients with allergic asthma Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Junling Wang, Mengmeng Zhan, Yaping Zhai, Siqin Wang, Fangqiu Gu, Zhuo Zhao, Zhaolong Zhang, Yifei Li, Xin Dong, Yijie Zhang, Bingyu Qin
Allergic asthma (AA) is closely associated with the polarization of T helper (Th)2 and Th17 cells. Interleukin (IL)-18 acts as an inducer of Th2 and Th17 cell responses. However, expressions of IL-18 and IL-18 receptor alpha (IL-18Rα) in blood Th2 and Th17 cells of patients with AA remain unclear. We therefore investigated their expressions in Th2 and Th17 cells using flow cytometric analysis, quantitative
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Organoids as a tool to study homeostatic and pathological immune–epithelial interactions in the gut Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-29 Emma Højmose Kromann, Ainize Peña Cearra, Joana F Neves
The intestine hosts the largest immune cell compartment in the body as a result of its continuous exposure to exogenous antigens. The intestinal barrier is formed by a single layer of epithelial cells which separate immune cells from the gut lumen. Bidirectional interactions between the epithelium and the immune compartment are critical for maintaining intestinal homeostasis by limiting infection,
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Human Cytomegalovirus Seropositivity and Its Influence on Oral Rotavirus Vaccine Immunogenicity: A Specific Concern for HIV-Exposed-Uninfected Infants Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Natasha Laban, Samuel Bosomprah, Roma Chilengi, Michelo Simuyandi, Caroline Chisenga, Harriet Ng’ombe, Kalo Musukuma-Chifulo, Martin Goodier
Oral rotavirus vaccines demonstrate diminished immunogenicity in low-income settings where human cytomegalovirus infection is aquired early in childhood and modulates immunity. We hypothesized that human cytomegalovirus infection around the time of vaccination may influence immunogenicity. We measured plasma human cytomegalovirus specific immunoglobulin M antibodies in rotavirus vaccinated infants
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Neutrophil extracellular traps induce pyroptosis of pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Peipei Zhao, Jiarui Zhu, Ling Bai, Wenlan Ma, Feifei Li, Cen Zhang, Liangtao Zhao, Liuyang Wang, Sigong Zhang
Excessive formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) may lead to myositis-related interstitial lung disease (ILD). There is evidence that NETs can directly injure vascular endothelial cells and play a pathogenic role in the inflammatory exudation of ILD. However, the specific mechanism is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the specific mechanism underlying NET-induced injury to human
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Leukocyte Dysfunction and reduced CTLA-4 Expression are Associated with Perianal Crohn's Disease Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Murillo Duarte-Silva, Rogério Serafim Parra, Marley Ribeiro Feitosa, Viviani Nardini, Sandra Regina Maruyama, José Joaquim Ribeiro da Rocha, Omar Feres, Cristina Ribeiro de Barros Cardoso
Although perianal Crohn’s disease (PCD) is highly associated with the exacerbated inflammation, the molecular basis and immunological signature that distinguish patients who present history of perianal lesions are still unclear. This paper aims to define immunological characteristics related to PCD. In this cross-sectional observational study, we enrolled 20 healthy controls and 39 CD patients. Blood
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The role of extracellular vesicle immune checkpoints in cancer Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 Weiming Zhang, Mingrong Ou, Ping Yang, Mingzhe Ning
Summary Immune checkpoints (ICPs) play a crucial role in regulating the immune response. In the tumor, malignant cells can hijack the immunosuppressive effects of inhibitory ICPs to promote tumor progression. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are produced by a variety of cells and contain bioactive molecules on their surface or within their lumen. The expression of ICPs has also been detected on EVs. In
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Specific deletion of Mettl3 in IECs triggers the development of spontaneous colitis and dysbiosis of T lymphocytes in mice Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Miao Fang, Jie Yao, Haifeng Zhang, Jiahui Sun, Yiping Yin, Hongzhou Shi, Guangqing Jiang, Xin Shi
The enzymatic core component of m6A writer complex, Mettl3, plays a crucial role in facilitating the development and progress in gastric and colorectal cancer (CRC). However, its underlying mechanism in regulating intestinal inflammation remains unclear and poorly investigated. Firstly, the characteristics of Mettl3 expression in IBD patients were examined. Afterwards we generated the mice line with
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Prophylaxis in hereditary angioedema: a United Kingdom Delphi consensus Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Patrick F K Yong, Rachel Annals, Lavanya Diwakar, Shuayb Elkhalifa, Mark Gompels, Rashmi Jain, M Yousuf Karim, Sujoy Khan, Angela Metcalfe, Sadia Noorani, Cathal Steele, Sorena Kiani-Alikhan, Tomaz Garcez
Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare inherited disorder causing recurrent of episodes of swelling that can be potentially life threatening. Treatment of HAE can be divided into on-demand treatment for swelling, and prophylaxis. The last UK consensus on HAE was in 2014 and since then, new medications for prophylaxis have been developed, with more drugs in the pipeline. International guidelines currently
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α2-antiplasmin is associated with macrophage activation and fibrin in a macrophage activation syndrome mouse model Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Yosuke Kanno, Kinomi Toyama, Haruna Shibata, Osamu Matsuo, Kei-ichi Ozaki
Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is a life-threatening condition, characterized by cytopenia, multi-organ dysfunction, and coagulopathy associated with excessive activation of macrophages. In this study, we investigated that the roles of α2-antiplasmin (α2AP) in the progression of MAS using fulminant MAS mouse model induced by Toll-like receptor-9 (TLR-9) agonist (CpG) and d-galactosamine (DG)
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Quantifying Microglial Morphology: An Insight into Function Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Tabitha R F Green, Rachel K Rowe
SUMMARY Microglia are specialized immune cells unique to the central nervous system (CNS). Microglia have a highly plastic morphology that changes rapidly in response to injury or infection. Qualitative and quantitative measurements of ever-changing microglial morphology are considered a cornerstone of many microglia-centric research studies. The distinctive morphological variations seen in microglia
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Conventional and unconventional T cell responses contribute to the prediction of clinical outcome and causative bacterial pathogen in sepsis patients Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Ross J Burton, Loïc Raffray, Linda M Moet, Simone M Cuff, Daniel A White, Sarah E Baker, Bernhard Moser, Valerie B O’Donnell, Peter Ghazal, Matt P Morgan, Andreas Artemiou, Matthias Eberl
Sepsis is characterised by a dysfunctional host response to infection culminating in life-threatening organ failure that requires complex patient management and rapid intervention. Timely diagnosis of the underlying cause of sepsis is crucial, and identifying those at risk of complications and death is imperative for triaging treatment and resource allocation. Here, we explored the potential of explainable
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The balance between memory and regulatory cell populations in kidney transplant recipients with operational tolerance Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Caner Süsal, Cristiam M Alvarez, Louise Benning, Volker Daniel, Martin Zeier, Matthias Schaier, Christian Morath, Claudius Speer
Donor-reactive memory cells represent a barrier to long-term kidney graft survival. A better understanding of regulatory mechanisms that counterbalance alloreactive memory responses may help to identify patients with operational tolerance. This prospective study investigated the equilibrium between memory T cell subsets and regulatory T or B cells (Tregs, Bregs) in peripheral blood of kidney transplant
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Chronic malaria exposure is associated with inhibitory markers on T cells that correlate with atypical memory and marginal zone-like B cells Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Robert A Mitchell, Itziar Ubillos, Pilar Requena, Joseph J Campo, Maria Ome-Kaius, Sarah Hanieh, Alexandra Umbers, Paula Samol, Diana Barrios, Alfons Jiménez, Azucena Bardají, Ivo Mueller, Clara Menéndez, Stephen Rogerson, Carlota Dobaño, Gemma Moncunill
Chronic immune activation from persistent malaria infections can induce immunophenotypic changes associated with T cell exhaustion. However, associations between T and B cells during chronic exposure remain undefined. We analyzed peripheral blood mononuclear cells from malaria-exposed pregnant women from Papua New Guinea and Spanish malaria-naïve individuals using flow cytometry to profile T cell exhaustion
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Regulatory T cell frequency and function in acute myocardial infarction patients and its correlation with ventricular dysfunction Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Elena Berenice Martínez-Shio, Sherell Marín-Jáuregui, Alma Celeste Rodríguez Ortega, Lesly Marsol Doníz Padilla, Roberto González-Amaro, Carlos David Escobedo-Uribe, Adriana Elizabeth Monsiváis-Urenda
A high percentage of patients with acute coronary syndrome develop heart failure due to the ischemic event. Regulatory T (Treg) cells are lymphocytes with suppressive capacity that control the immune response and include the conventional CD4+ CD25hi Foxp3+ cells and the CD4+ CD25var CD69+ LAP+ Foxp3- IL-10+ cells. No human follow-up studies focus on Treg cells’ behavior after infarction and their possible
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Altered CD226/TIGIT expressions were associated with activated NK phenotypes in primary anti-phospholipid syndrome and affected by IL-4/JAK pathway Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Yan Long, Ke-jia Lu, Chang-sheng Xia, Jing-hong Feng, Wen-yi Li, Yin-ting Ma, Yuan-yuan Sun, Chun-hong Fan, Chun Li
Natural killer (NK) cells were reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of primary antiphospholipid syndrome (pAPS). Immunosuppressive receptor TIGIT and activating receptor CD226 are specifically expressed on NK cells with competitive functions. This study aims to investigate the expression diversities of CD226/TIGIT on NK subsets and their associations with NK subsets activation phenotypes and
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Splenectomy at Early stage of Autoimmune Arthritis Delayed Inflammatory Response and Reduced Joint Deterioration in Mice Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-16 Esam Khanfar, Katalin Olasz, Szonja Gál, Erzsébet Gajdócsi, Béla Kajtár, Tamás Kiss, Péter Balogh, Timea Berki, Ferenc Boldizsár
The spleen plays a role in innate- and adaptive immunity, and autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We investigated the effect of splenectomy in early and moderate stages of autoimmune arthritis in a mouse model. To induce recombinant human G1-induced arthritis (GIA), BALB/c mice were immunized intraperitoneally three times in 4 weeks interval with the rhG1 antigen. Mice were splenectomized
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Albumin influences leucocyte FcRn expression in the early days of kidney transplantation Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Pierre Boulard, Nicolas Azzopardi, Romain Levard, Jean-Marie Cornec, Juliette Lamamy, Bérénice Prieur, Marie-Véronique Demattei, Hervé Watier, Philippe Gatault, Valérie Gouilleux-Gruart
FcRn, a receptor originally known for its involvement in IgG and albumin transcytosis and recycling, is also important in the establishment of the innate and adaptive immune response. Dysregulation of the immune response has been associated with variations in FcRn expression, as observed in cancer. Recently, a link between autophagy and FcRn expression has been demonstrated. Knowing that autophagy
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Defining the cross-reactivity between peanut allergens Ara h 2 and Ara h 6 using monoclonal antibodies Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-12 Orlee Marini-Rapoport, Monica L Fernández-Quintero, Tarun Keswani, Guangning Zong, Jane Shim, Lars C Pedersen, Geoffrey A Mueller, Sarita U Patil
In peanut allergy, Arachis hypogaea 2 (Ara h 2) and Arachis hypogaea 6 (Ara h 6) are two clinically relevant peanut allergens with known structural and sequence homology and demonstrated cross-reactivity. We have previously utilized X-ray crystallography and epitope binning to define the epitopes on Ara h 2. We aimed to quantitatively characterize the cross-reactivity between Ara h 2 and Ara h 6 on
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Exposure to Gestational Diabetes Mellitus increases subclinical inflammation mediated in part by obesity Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-09 Andrea Musumeci, Colm John McElwain, Samprikta Manna, Fergus McCarthy, Cathal McCarthy
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a frequent and serious complication of pregnancy, often associated with obesity. Metabolic dysfunction and metainflammation are evident in both obesity and GDM. In this cross-sectional study we aimed at defining the direct contribution of the immune system in GDM, across the main metabolic tissues, specifically focusing on elucidating the roles of obesity and
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Allogeneic NK cells induce the in vitro activation of monocyte-derived and conventional type-2 dendritic cells and trigger an inflammatory response under cancer-associated conditions Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 E C Toffoli, A A van Vliet, C Forbes, A J Arns, H W M Verheul, J Tuynman, H J van der Vliet, J Spanholtz, T D de Gruijl
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes capable to recognize and kill virus-infected and cancer cells. In the past years, the use of allogeneic NK cells as anti-cancer therapy gained interest due to their ability to induce graft-versus-cancer responses without causing graft-versus-host disease and multiple protocols have been developed to produce high numbers of activated NK cells. While the
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Increased expression of complement C3c, iC3b and cells containing CD11b or CD14 in experimentally induced psoriatic lesion Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-02 Dina Rahkola, Rauno J Harvima, Ilkka T Harvima
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with a characteristic isomorphic reaction, i.e., the Köbner reaction, induced by slight epidermal trauma. In this study, the tape-stripping technique was used to induce the development of Köbner reaction in 18 subjects with psoriasis. Eight subjects developed the positive reaction. To study the early cellular changes, skin biopsies were taken at the
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Clinical and Experimental Treatment of Primary Humoral Immunodeficiencies Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-02 Anna Szaflarska, Marzena Lenart, Magdalena Rutkowska-Zapała, Maciej Siedlar
Summary Selective IgA deficiency (sIgAD) and Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) and Transient Hypogammaglobulinemia of Infancy (THI) are the most frequent forms of primary antibody deficiencies. Difficulties in initial diagnosis, especially in the early childhood, the familiar occurrence of these diseases, as well as the possibility of progression to each other suggest common cellular and molecular
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The alteration of mucosal bile acid profile is associated with nerve growth factor expression in mast cells and bowel symptoms in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-30 Bi-Yu Wu, Ping Xu, Li Cheng, Qian-Qian Wang, Hong-Yi Qiu, Xiu-Juan Yan, Sheng-Liang Chen
Mucosal bile acid (BA) profile is still unestablished in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D). The aim of this study was to explore colonic mucosal BAs and their associations with mucosal mast cell (MMC)-derived nerve growth factor (NGF) and bowel symptoms in IBS-D. Colonic mucosal biopsies from 36 IBS-D patients and 35 healthy controls (HCs) were obtained for targeted BA profiling
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Revolutionising immune research with organoid-based co-culture and chip systems Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-27 D Papp, T Korcsmaros, I Hautefort
The intertwined interactions various immune cells have with epithelial cells in our body require sophisticated experimental approaches to be studied. Due to the limitations of immortalised cell lines and animal models, there is an increasing demand for human in vitro model systems to investigate the microenvironment of immune cells in normal and in pathological conditions. Organoids, which are self-renewing
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Organoids as a tool to study the impact of heterogeneity in gastrointestinal epithelium on host-pathogen interactions Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-21 Mindaugas Paužuolis, Pilar Samperio Ventayol, Mastura Neyazi, Sina Bartfeld
Summary The epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract has been extensively characterized using advanced histological and RNA sequencing techniques, which has revealed great cellular diversity. Pathogens, such as viruses and bacteria, are highly adapted to their host and often exhibit not only species-specificity, but also a preference or tropism for specific gastrointestinal segments or even cell types
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PNAd-expressing vessels characterize the dermis of CD3+ T cell-mediated cutaneous diseases Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-16 Fatimah Mohammad Budair, Takashi Nomura, Hirata Masahiro, Kenji Kabashima
T-cell recruitment to skin tissues is essential for inflammation in different cutaneous diseases; however, the mechanisms by which these T cells access the skin remain unclear. High endothelial venules expressing peripheral node address in (PNAd), an L-selectin ligand, are located in secondary lymphoid organs and are responsible for increasing T-cell influx into the lymphoid tissues. They are also
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Role of inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 and its citrullinated form in experimental arthritis murine models Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-08 Tamaki Iwai, Ayako Ohyama, Atsumu Osada, Taihei Nishiyama, Masaru Shimizu, Haruka Miki, Hiromitsu Asashima, Yuya Kondo, Hiroto Tsuboi, Seiya Mizuno, Satoru Takahashi, Akihito Ishigami, Isao Matsumoto
Inter α trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 (ITIH4) is a major protein in serum and reported to be up-regulated at the onset of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Its citrullinated form, cit-ITIH4, is specifically found in serum and synovial fluid of patients with RA. However, the detailed function of ITIH4 in arthritis remains unknown. The aim of this study was to clarify the role of ITIH4 and its citrullinated
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FGL1 in plasma extracellular vesicles is correlated with clinical stage of lung adenocarcinoma and anti-PD-L1 response Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-12-26 Yuchen Zhang, Kunpeng Zhang, Haoyu Wen, Di Ge, Jie Gu, Chunyi Zhang
Fibrinogen-like protein-1 (FGL1) is confirmed a major ligand of lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG3) which could inhibit antigen-mediated T cell response and evade immune supervision. Although hepatocytes secrete large amounts of FGL1, its high expression also be detected in solid tumors such as lung cancer, leading to a poor efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors therapy. Here we reported that FGL1
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Shift in the B-cell subsets between children with type 1 diabetes and/or celiac disease Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-12-22 Andrea Tompa, Maria Faresjö
Our purpose was to characterize the pattern of B-cell subsets in children with a combined diagnosis of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and celiac disease (C) since children with single or double diagnosis of these autoimmune diseases may differ in peripheral B-cell subset phenotype patterns. B-cells were analyzed with flow cytometry for the expression of differentiation/maturation markers to identify transitional
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Gene expression analysis revealed downregulation of complement receptor 1 in clonal B cells in cold agglutinin disease Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-12-22 Agnieszka Małecka, Ingunn Østlie, Gunhild Trøen, Jędrzej Małecki, Jan Delabie, Anne Tierens, Ludvig A Munthe, Sigbjørn Berentsen, Geir E Tjønnfjord
Cold Agglutinin Disease (CAD) is a rare B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder of the bone marrow, manifested by autoimmune hemolytic anemia caused by binding of monoclonal IgM autoantibodies to the I antigen. Underlying genetic changes have previously been reported, but their impact on gene expression profile has been unknown. Here, we define differentially expressed genes in CAD B cells. To unravel
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Itaconate as a key regulator of respiratory disease Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-29 Christina Michalaki, Gesa J Albers, Adam J Byrne
Summary Macrophage activation results in the accumulation of endogenous metabolites capable of adopting immunomodulatory roles; one such bioactive metabolite is itaconate. After macrophage stimulation, the TCA-cycle intermediate cis-aconitate is converted to itaconate (by aconitate decarboxylase-1, ACOD1) in the mitochondrial matrix. Recent studies have highlighted the potential of targeting itaconate
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Immunological dynamic characteristics in AML predict the long-term outcomes and GVHD occurrences post-transplantation Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-15 Weiwei Wang, Haibo Li, Yukun Guo, Lihua Zhang, Wenli Jiang, Naisheng Zheng, Se Peng, Xiaolin Guan, Guang Fan, Lisong Shen
To investigate the relationship between immune dynamic and GVHD risk, 111 initial diagnostic AML patients were reviewed. The flow cytometry data of 12 major lymphocyte subsets in BM from 60 transplant patients at 4 different time points were analyzed. Additionally, 90 immune subsets in PB of 11 post-transplantation on day 100 were reviewed. Our results demonstrated that transplant patients had longer
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Gender-affirming hormone therapy and autoimmunity: new insights from a three-year follow-up study. Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-14 Matteo Marconi,Gloria Riitano,Alessandra Daphne Fisher,Carlotta Cocchetti,Maria Teresa Pagano,Antonella Capozzi,Agostina Longo,Sara D'Arienzo,Linda Vignozzi,Maurizio Sorice,Elena Ortona,Marina Pierdominici
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The CXCL10-CXCR3 axis plays an important role in Kawasaki Disease Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-12 Sho Hosaka, Kazuo Imagawa, Yusuke Yano, Lisheng Lin, Junko Shiono, Miho Takahashi-Igari, Hideki Hara, Daisuke Hayashi, Hironori Imai, Atsushi Morita, Hiroko Fukushima, Hidetoshi Takada
The precise pathogenesis of Kawasaki Disease remains unknown. In an attempt to elucidate the pathogenesis of KD through the analysis of acquired immunity, we comprehensively examined the immunophenotypic changes in immune cells such as lymphocytes and monocytes along with various cytokines, focusing on differences between pre- and post- treatment samples. We found high levels of CXCL9 and CXCL10 chemokines
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Plasma circulating microRNAs associated with blood-based immune markers: a population-based study. Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-09 Samantha Leonard,Irma Karabegović,M Arfan Ikram,Shahzad Ahmad,Mohsen Ghanbari
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression and different immune-related pathways. There is great interest to identify miRNAs involved in immune cell development and function in order to elucidate the biological mechanisms underlying immune system, its regulation, and disease. In this study we aimed to investigate the association of circulating
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CD3 downregulation identifies high-avidity human CD8 T cells. Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-09 Genevieve T Clutton,Ann Marie K Weideman,Melissa A Mischell,Sallay Kallon,Shayla Z Conrad,Fiona R Shaw,Joanna Warren,Lin Lin,JoAnn D Kuruc,Yinyan Xu,Cynthia Gay,Paul M Armistead,Michael Hudgens,Nilu P Goonetilleke
CD8 T cells recognize infected and cancerous cells via their T cell receptor (TCR), which binds peptide-MHC complexes on the target cell. The affinity of the interaction between the TCR and peptide-MHC contributes to the antigen sensitivity, or functional avidity, of the CD8 T cell. In response to peptide-MHC stimulation, the TCR-CD3 complex and CD8 co-receptor are downmodulated. We quantified CD3
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Tuning the potency and selectivity of ImmTAC molecules by affinity modulation Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-06 Ian B Robertson, Rachel Mulvaney, Nele Dieckmann, Alessio Vantellini, Martina Canestraro, Francesca Amicarella, Ronan O’Dwyer, David K Cole, Stephen Harper, Omer Dushek, Peter Kirk
T cell engaging bispecifics have great clinical potential for the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. The binding affinity and kinetics of a bispecific molecule for both target and T cell CD3 have substantial effects on potency and specificity, but the rules governing these relationships are not fully understood. Using ImmTAC (Immune mobilizing monoclonal TCRs Against Cancer) molecules as
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Transcriptome profiling of regulatory T cells from children with Transient Hypogammaglobulinemia of Infancy. Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-04 Magdalena Rutkowska-Zapała,Agnieszka Grabowska,Marzena Lenart,Anna Kluczewska,Anna Szaflarska,Krzysztof Kobylarz,Anna Pituch-Noworolska,Maciej Siedlar
Transient Hypogammaglobulinemia of Infancy (THI) is one of the most common forms of hypogammaglobulinemia in the early childhood. THI is usually associated with chronic, recurrent bacterial and viral infections, life-threatening in some cases, yet its pathogenesis is still largely unknown. Since our previous findings indicated the possible role of Treg cells in the pathomechanism of THI, the aim of
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Diagnostic significance of blood lymphocyte activation markers in pre-eclampsia Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-03 Almagul Kurmanova, Gulfairuz Urazbayeva, Aigul Terlikbayeva, Damilya Salimbaeva, Ardak Ayazbekov
The adaptive and innate immune system is important in both initiating and preventing functional disorders during pregnancy, one of which is pre-eclampsia. The research aims to conduct the comparative quantification of selected subpopulations of peripheral blood immunoregulatory cells in pregnant women with pre-eclampsia in the third trimester. The marker receptors CD4, CD8, CD95, CD25, CD27, and the
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Type 1 interferon auto-antibodies are elevated in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-02 Gordon Greville, Sinead Cremen, Shauna O’Neill, Sarah Azarian, Gareth Brady, William McCormack, Adam H Dyer, Nollaig M Bourke, Olivier Touzelet, David Courtney, Ultan F Power, Paul Dowling, Tom K Gallagher, Connor G G Bamford, Mark W Robinson
Patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis, in particular those classified as Childs-Pugh class C, are at increased risk of severe COVID-19 upon infection with SARS-CoV-2. The biological mechanisms underlying this are unknown. We aimed to examine the levels of serum intrinsic antiviral proteins as well as alterations in the innate antiviral immune response in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis
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Regulatory T Cells in Inflamed Liver are Dysfunctional in Murine Primary Biliary Cholangitis Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-02 Chia-I Lin, Yu-Wen Wang, Chih-Yu Liu, Hung-Wen Chen, Pi-Hui Liang, Ya-Hui Chuang
Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by immune-mediated destruction of intrahepatic small bile ducts. CD8 T cells play a critical role in biliary destruction. However, regulatory T cells (Tregs) have also been identified in the portal tracts of PBC patients. This study tested the hypothesis that hepatic Tregs in PBC were dysfunctional in suppressing immune
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Valganciclovir modulates the TNF axis molecules expression and CD4+ T cell subsets in disseminated Kaposi Sarcoma patients Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-31 Lucero A Ramon-Luing, Julio Flores-Gonzalez, Luis Angel García-Rojas, Beda Islas-Muñoz, Patricia Volkow-Fernández, Leslie Chavez-Galan
Valganciclovir (VGC) was used in a randomized clinical trial in patients with disseminated Kaposi Sarcoma (DKS/HIV) as add-on therapy to evaluate the proinflammatory axis tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and its receptors (TNFRs) in T cells. Two treatment schedules were used: an experimental regime (ER) and a conventional treatment (CT). Mononuclear cells from patients with DKS/HIV were obtained at baseline
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Cultured lymphocytes’ mitochondrial genome integrity is not altered by cladribine Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-20 Elina Järvinen, Fumi Suomi, James B Stewart, Dimitri Guala, Miko Valori, Lilja Jansson, Janne Nieminen, Thomas G McWilliams, Pentti J Tienari
Cladribine tablets are a treatment for multiple sclerosis with effects on lymphocytes, yet its mode of action has not been fully established. Here, we analyzed the effects of cladribine on mitochondrial DNA integrity in lymphocytes. We treated cultured human T-cell lines (CCRF-CEM and Jurkat) with varying concentrations of cladribine to mimic the slow cell depletion observed in treated patients. The
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Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 promotes the development of experimental severe acute pancreatitis Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-17 Yasuo Otsuka, Akane Hara, Kosuke Minaga, Ikue Sekai, Masayuki Kurimoto, Yasuhiro Masuta, Ryutaro Takada, Tomoe Yoshikawa, Ken Kamata, Masatoshi Kudo, Tomohiro Watanabe
Translocation of gut bacteria into the pancreas promotes the development of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Recent clinical studies have also highlighted the association between fungal infections and SAP. The sensing of gut bacteria by pattern recognition receptors promotes the development of SAP via the production of proinflammatory cytokines; however, the mechanism by which gut fungi mediate SAP
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Plasma levels of mannan-binding lectin-associated serine proteases are increased in type 1 diabetes patients with insulin resistance Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-12 Noppadol Kietsiriroje, Georgia E Scott, Ramzi A Ajjan, Jan Brôz, Verena Schroeder, Matthew D Campbell
Activation of the lectin pathway of the complement system, as demonstrated by elevated levels of mannan-binding lectin proteins (MBL), contributes to vascular pathology in type 1 diabetes (T1D). Vascular complications are greatest in T1D individuals with concomitant insulin resistance (IR), however, whether IR amplifies activiation of the lectin pathway in T1D is unknown. We pooled pre-treatment data
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Autoantibodies to beta tubulin in autoimmune liver diseases - relation to pANCA and clinical relevance Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-12 Beate Preuß, Amelie Frank, Birgit Terjung, Ulrich Spengler, Christoph Berg, Reinhild Klein
There was evidence that pANCA (perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies) in autoimmune liver diseases react with human beta-tubulin-5 (TBB5). Here we re-evaluate the specificity and clinical relevance of anti-TBB5 antibodies. Patients with untreated autoimmune hepatitis (AIH; n=53), AIH under immunosuppressive therapy (AIH-IS; n=125), primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC; n=40), primary biliary
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Interleukin-11 and its eminent role in tissue fibrosis: A possible therapeutic target Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-09-19 Steven O’Reilly
Interleukin-11 is a cytokine from the IL-6 family of cytokines that includes IL-6 and OSM. Initially described for its role in platelet generation, it is now appreciated that this cytokine has multiple functions. Recently it has been found that IL-11 is critical in fibrosis in multiple different organ systems and systemically as in the autoimmune disease systemic sclerosis. Animal models of fibrosis
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Heterogeneity in RAG 1/2 Deficiency: 35 Cases From A Single Center Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-09-17 Betul Karaatmaca, Deniz Cagdas, Saliha Esenboga, Baran Erman, Cagman Tan, Tuba Turul Ozgur, Kaan Boztug, Mirjam Van Der Burg, Ozden Sanal, Ilhan Tezcan
Recombination activating genes (RAG) 1/2 deficiency leads to combined T/B cell deficiency with varying clinical presentations. This study aimed to define the clinical/laboratory spectrum of RAG1/2 deficiency. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical/laboratory data of 35 patients, grouped them as severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), Omenn Syndrome (OS), and delayed-onset combined immunodeficiency
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Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody and N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antibody overlapping syndrome: insights from the recent case reports Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-09-15 Bing-Qing Du, Qi-Lun Lai, Er-Chuang Li, Meng-Ting Cai, Gao-Li Fang, Chun-Hong Shen, Yin-Xi Zhang, Mei-Ping Ding
The overlapping of two or more types of neural autoantibodies in one patient has increasingly been documented in recent years. The coexistence of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) and N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antibodies is most common, which leads to a unique condition known as the MOG antibody and NMDAR antibody overlapping syndrome (MNOS). Here, we have reviewed the pathogenesis
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IL-21, Not IL-17A, Exacerbates Murine Primary Biliary Cholangitis Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-09-13 Chun-Wen Chan, Hung-Wen Chen, Yu-Wen Wang, Chia-I Lin, Ya-Hui Chuang
Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a chronic autoimmune liver disease caused by intrahepatic bile duct injuries, resulting in fibrosis, cirrhosis, and eventually liver failure. T helper (Th) 17 cells are proposed to involve in the pathogenesis of PBC. However, how and which Th17 cell-derived cytokines affect PBC remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of Th17 effector cytokines
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Neutrophil extracellular traps are involved in the occurrence of interstitial lung disease in a murine experimental autoimmune myositis model Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-09-06 Ling Bai, Jiarui Zhu, Wenlan Ma, Feifei Li, Peipei Zhao, Sigong Zhang
The excessive formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) has been demonstrated to be a pathogenic mechanism of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM)-associated interstitial lung disease (ILD). This study aimed to answer whether an experimental autoimmune myositis (EAM) model can be used to study IIM-ILD and whether NETs participate in the development of EAM-ILD. An EAM mouse model was established
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Disease Activity in Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy: Association Between Circulating B Cell Subsets, Cytokine Levels and Clinical Outcomes. Clin. Exp. Immunol. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-28 Ayse Nur Ozdag Acarli,Erdem Tuzun,Elif Sanli,Gizem Koral,Ece Akbayir,Arman Cakar,Nermin Gorkem Sirin,Aysun Soysal,Fikret Aysal,Hacer Durmus,Yesim Parman,Vuslat Yilmaz
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the relationship between immunological markers and clinical outcome measures in a mixed cohort of patients with typical CIDP and CIDP variants at different disease stages. METHODS Twenty-three typical, 16 multifocal and 5 distal CIDP patients were included. Twenty-five sex and age-matched healthy controls and 12 patients with Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 1A (CMT1A) disease served