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Factors Associated with Prolonged Antibiotic Therapy in Neonates with Suspected Early-Onset Sepsis Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Bo M. van der Weijden, Jolien R. van Dorth, Niek B. Achten, Frans B. Plötz
Early-onset sepsis (EOS) is a rare but profoundly serious bacterial infection. Neonates at risk of EOS are often treated with antibiotics. The start of empiric antibiotic therapy can successfully be reduced by the implementation of the EOS calculator. However, once started, antibiotic therapy is often continued despite a negative blood culture. To decrease the burden of antibiotic therapy, it is necessary
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Long-Term Co-Circulation of Host-Specialist and Host-Generalist Lineages of Group B Streptococcus in Brazilian Dairy Cattle with Heterogeneous Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Laura Maria Andrade de Oliveira, Leandro Correia Simões, Chiara Crestani, Natália Silva Costa, José Carlos de Figueiredo Pantoja, Renata Fernandes Rabello, Lucia Martins Teixeira, Uzma Basit Khan, Stephen Bentley, Dorota Jamrozy, Tatiana de Castro Abreu Pinto, Ruth N. Zadoks
Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a major cause of contagious bovine mastitis (CBM) in Brazil. The GBS population is composed of host-generalist and host-specialist lineages, which may differ in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and zoonotic potential, and the surveillance of bovine GBS is crucial to developing effective CBM control and prevention measures. Here, we investigated bovine GBS isolates (n =
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections in Patients with Severe COVID-19 in Intensive Care Units: A Retrospective Study Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Alexandre Baudet, Marie Regad, Sébastien Gibot, Élodie Conrath, Julie Lizon, Béatrice Demoré, Arnaud Florentin
Patients hospitalized in ICUs with severe COVID-19 are at risk for developing hospital-acquired infections, especially infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We aimed to describe the evolution of P. aeruginosa infections in ICUs at CHRU-Nancy (France) in patients with severe COVID-19 during the three initial waves of COVID-19. The second aims were to analyze P. aeruginosa resistance and to describe
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Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli and Other Antimicrobial-Resistant Gram-Negative Pathogens Isolated from Bovine Mastitis: A One Health Perspective Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Breno Luis Nery Garcia, Stéfani Thais Alves Dantas, Kristian da Silva Barbosa, Thatiane Mendes Mitsunaga, Alyssa Butters, Carlos Henrique Camargo, Diego Borin Nobrega
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses an imminent threat to global public health, driven in part by the widespread use of antimicrobials in both humans and animals. Within the dairy cattle industry, Gram-negative coliforms such as Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae stand out as major causative agents of clinical mastitis. These same bacterial species are frequently associated with severe infections
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The Role of Gut Microbiota in the Etiopathogenesis of Multiple Chronic Diseases Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Lara Pires, Ana M. González-Paramás, Sandrina A. Heleno, Ricardo C. Calhelha
Chronic diseases (CD) may result from a combination of genetic factors, lifestyle and social behaviours, healthcare system influences, community factors, and environmental determinants of health. These risk factors frequently coexist and interact with one another. Ongoing research and a focus on personalized interventions are pivotal strategies for preventing and managing chronic disease outcomes.
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New Insights into the Biological Functions of Essential TsaB/YeaZ Protein in Staphylococcus aureus Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Haiyong Guo, Ting Lei, Junshu Yang, Yue Wang, Yifan Wang, Yinduo Ji
TsaB/YeaZ represents a promising target for novel antibacterial agents due to its indispensable role in bacterial survival, high conservation within bacterial species, and absence of eukaryotic homologs. Previous studies have elucidated the role of the essential staphylococcal protein, TsaB/YeaZ, in binding DNA to mediate the transcription of the ilv-leu operon, responsible for encoding key enzymes
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Detecting Class 1 Integrons and Their Variable Regions in Escherichia coli Whole-Genome Sequences Reported from Andean Community Countries Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 María Nicole Solis, Karen Loaiza, Lilibeth Torres-Elizalde, Ivan Mina, Miroslava Anna Šefcová, Marco Larrea-Álvarez
Various genetic elements, including integrons, are known to contribute to the development of antimicrobial resistance. Class 1 integrons have been identified in E. coli isolates and are associated with multidrug resistance in countries of the Andean Community. However, detailed information on the gene cassettes located on the variable regions of integrons is lacking. Here, we investigated the presence
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Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Remains Susceptible to Metal Ions and Graphene-Based Compounds Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 Nathalie Karaky, Shiying Tang, Parameshwari Ramalingam, Andrew Kirby, Andrew J. McBain, Craig E. Banks, Kathryn A. Whitehead
Escherichia coli is listed as a priority 1 pathogen on the World Health Organization (WHO) priority pathogen list. For this list of pathogens, new antibiotics are urgently needed to control the emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant strains. This study assessed eighteen metal ions, graphene, and graphene oxide for their antimicrobial efficacy against E. coli in both planktonic and biofilm growth
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Online-Assisted Survey on Antibiotic Use by Pet Owners in Dogs and Cats Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 Clara Rocholl, Yury Zablotski, Bianka Schulz
The aim of the study was two-fold: first, to collect data on the use of antibiotics in Germany for dogs and cats and, second, their owners’ experiences and opinions. Using an anonymous online survey, dog and cat owners were asked about the last antibiotic administration in their pet. The inclusion criterion was any antibiotic administration within the last year. A total of 708 questionnaires from 463
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Association between Empirical Anti-Pseudomonal Antibiotics and Progression to Thoracic Surgery and Death in Empyema: Database Research Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 Akihiro Shiroshita, Kentaro Tochitani, Yohei Maki, Takero Terayama, Yuki Kataoka
Evidence on the optimal antibiotic strategy for empyema is lacking. Our database study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of empirical anti-pseudomonal antibiotics in patients with empyema. We utilised a Japanese real-world data database, focusing on patients aged ≥40 diagnosed with empyema, who underwent thoracostomy and received intravenous antibiotics either upon admission or the following day
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Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens: New Weapons to Fight Them Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 Charlotte A. Huber
In high-income countries, degenerative diseases are the primary cause of death [...]
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Use of the Naturally Occurring Bacteriophage Grouping Model for the Design of Potent Therapeutic Cocktails Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 Tea Glonti, Michael Goossens, Christel Cochez, Sabrina Green, Sayali Gorivale, Jeroen Wagemans, Rob Lavigne, Jean-Paul Pirnay
The specificity of phages and their ability to evolve and overcome bacterial resistance make them potentially useful as adjuncts in the treatment of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. The goal of this study was to mimic a natural grouping of phages of interest and to evaluate the nature of their proliferation dynamics with bacteria. We have, for the first time, transferred naturally occurring
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Efficacy of Tamoxifen Metabolites in Combination with Colistin and Tigecycline in Experimental Murine Models of Escherichia coli and Acinetobacter baumannii Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 Soraya Herrera-Espejo, Andrea Vila-Domínguez, Tania Cebrero-Cangueiro, Younes Smani, Jerónimo Pachón, Manuel E. Jiménez-Mejías, María E. Pachón-Ibáñez
This study aimed to evaluate the potential of tamoxifen and N-desmethyltamoxifen metabolites as therapeutic agents against multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli and Acinetobacter baumannii, using a repurposing approach to shorten the time required to obtain a new effective treatment against multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. Characterisation and virulence studies were conducted on E. coli (colistin-susceptible
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Cerebral Infectious Opportunistic Lesions in a Patient with Acute Myeloid Leukaemia: The Challenge of Diagnosis and Clinical Management Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 Gabriele Cavazza, Cristina Motto, Caroline Regna-Gladin, Giovanna Travi, Elisa Di Gennaro, Francesco Peracchi, Bianca Monti, Nicolò Corti, Rosa Greco, Periana Minga, Marta Riva, Sara Rimoldi, Marta Vecchi, Carlotta Rogati, Davide Motta, Annamaria Pazzi, Chiara Vismara, Laura Bandiera, Fulvio Crippa, Valentina Mancini, Maria Sessa, Chiara Oltolini, Roberto Cairoli, Massimo Puoti
Central nervous system (CNS) lesions, especially invasive fungal diseases (IFDs), in immunocompromised patients pose a great challenge in diagnosis and treatment. We report the case of a 48-year-old man with acute myeloid leukaemia and probable pulmonary aspergillosis, who developed hyposthenia of the left upper limb, after achieving leukaemia remission and while on voriconazole. Magnetic resonance
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First Insights on Resistance and Virulence Potential of Escherichia coli from Captive Birds of Prey in Portugal Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-23 Rita Magalhães, Raquel Abreu, Gonçalo Pereira, Eva Cunha, Elisabete Silva, Luís Tavares, Lélia Chambel, Manuela Oliveira
Captive birds of prey are often used for pest control in urban areas, while also participating in falconry exhibitions. Traveling across the country, these birds may represent a public health concern as they can host pathogenic and zoonotic agents and share the same environment as humans and synanthropic species. In this work, Escherichia coli from the cloacal samples of 27 captive birds of prey were
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Camel Milk Resistome in Kuwait: Genotypic and Phenotypic Characterization Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-23 Rita Rahmeh, Abrar Akbar, Batlah Almutairi, Mohamed Kishk, Naida Babic Jordamovic, Abdulaziz Al-Ateeqi, Anisha Shajan, Heba Al-Sherif, Alfonso Esposito, Sabah Al-Momin, Silvano Piazza
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the major global health and economic threats. There is growing concern about the emergence of AMR in food and the possibility of transmission of microorganisms possessing antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) to the human gut microbiome. Shotgun sequencing and in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing were used in this study to provide a detailed characterization
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Incidence, Outcomes, and Risk Factors for Isoniazid-Resistant Tuberculosis from 2012 to 2022 in Eastern China Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-22 Yan Shao, Wenlei Song, Honghuan Song, Guoli Li, Limei Zhu, Qiao Liu, Cheng Chen
Background: Isoniazid-resistant, rifampicin-susceptible tuberculosis (Hr-TB) is the most frequent drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) in the world, and unfavorable outcomes of Hr-TB are more common compared to drug-susceptible TB. Considering there is no optimal regimen accepted worldwide, we undertook a retrospective cohort study in eastern China to estimate incidence trends and risk factors associated
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The Epidemiology, Management and Therapeutic Outcomes of Subdural Empyema in Neonates with Acute Bacterial Meningitis Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-21 Wei-Ju Lee, Ming-Horng Tsai, Jen-Fu Hsu, Shih-Ming Chu, Chih-Chen Chen, Peng-Hong Yang, Hsuan-Rong Huang, Miao-Ching Chi, Chiang-Wen Lee, Mei-Chen Ou-Yang
Background: Subdural empyema is one of the more serious complications of bacterial meningitis and therapeutic challenges to clinicians. We aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcome of subdural empyema in neonates with bacterial meningitis. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in two medical centers in Taiwan that enrolled all cases of neonates with subdural
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No Sequestration of Commonly Used Anti-Infectives in the Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Circuit—An Ex Vivo Study Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-19 Hendrik Booke, Benjamin Friedrichson, Lena Draheim, Thilo Caspar von Groote, Otto Frey, Anka Röhr, Kai Zacharowski, Elisabeth Hannah Adam
Patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) often require therapy with anti-infective drugs. The pharmacokinetics of these drugs may be altered during ECMO treatment due to pathophysiological changes in the drug metabolism of the critically ill and/or the ECMO therapy itself. This study investigates the latter aspect for commonly used anti-infective drugs in an ex vivo setting. A
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Rabbits as a Reservoir of Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli: Clonal Lineages and Public Health Impact Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-20 Adriana Silva, Vanessa Silva, Teresa Tavares, María López, Beatriz Rojo-Bezares, José Eduardo Pereira, Virgílio Falco, Patrícia Valentão, Gilberto Igrejas, Yolanda Sáenz, Patrícia Poeta
Escherichia coli, including extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL)-producing strains, poses a global health threat due to multidrug resistance, compromising food safety and environmental integrity. In industrial settings, rabbits raised for meat have the highest consumption of antimicrobial agents compared to other food-producing animals. The European Union is facing challenges in rabbit farming as
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Hospital Wastes as Potential Sources for Multi-Drug-Resistant ESBL-Producing Bacteria at a Tertiary Hospital in Ethiopia Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-19 Mulatu Gashaw, Esayas Kebede Gudina, Wondwossen Tadesse, Guenter Froeschl, Solomon Ali, Thomas Seeholzer, Arne Kroidl, Andreas Wieser
The hospital environment is increasingly becoming an important reservoir for multi-drug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria, posing serious challenges to efforts to combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This study aimed to investigate the role of hospital waste as a potential source of MDR ESBL-producing bacteria. Samples were collected from multiple sources within a hospital and its vicinity,
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Antimicrobial De-Escalation in Critically Ill Patients Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-19 Eloisa Sofia Tanzarella, Salvatore Lucio Cutuli, Gianmarco Lombardi, Fabiola Cammarota, Alessandro Caroli, Emanuele Franchini, Elena Sancho Ferrando, Domenico Luca Grieco, Massimo Antonelli, Gennaro De Pascale
Antimicrobial de-escalation (ADE) is defined as the discontinuation of one or more antimicrobials in empirical therapy, or the replacement of a broad-spectrum antimicrobial with a narrower-spectrum antimicrobial. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the available literature on the effectiveness and safety of ADE in critically ill patients, with a focus on special conditions such as anti-fungal
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COVID-19 and Clostridioides difficile Coinfection Analysis in the Intensive Care Unit Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Mircea Stoian, Adina Andone, Alina Boeriu, Sergio Rareș Bândilă, Daniela Dobru, Sergiu Ștefan Laszlo, Dragoș Corău, Emil Marian Arbănași, Eliza Russu, Adina Stoian
Since the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 in late 2019, the global mortality attributable to COVID-19 has reached 6,972,152 deaths according to the World Health Organization (WHO). The association between coinfection with Clostridioides difficile (CDI) and SARS-CoV-2 has limited data in the literature. This retrospective study, conducted at Mureș County Clinical Hospital in Romania, involved 3002 ICU patients
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Antibacterial Activity of Oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) Essential Oil Vapors against Microbial Contaminants of Food-Contact Surfaces Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-18 Loris Pinto, Salvatore Cervellieri, Thomas Netti, Vincenzo Lippolis, Federico Baruzzi
The antimicrobial effect of eight essential oils’ vapors against pathogens and spoilage bacteria was assayed. Oreganum vulgare L. essential oil (OVO) showed a broad antibacterial effect, with Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values ranging from 94 to 754 µg cm−3 air, depending on the bacterial species. Then, gaseous OVO was used for the treatment of stainless steel, polypropylene, and glass surfaces
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Comparative Pharmacokinetics of Gentamicin C1, C1a and C2 in Healthy and Infected Piglets Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-18 Eun-Young Kim, Tae-Won Kim, Elias Gebru Awji, Eon-Bee Lee, Seung-Chun Park
Gentamicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is a mixture of therapeutically active C1, C1a, C2 and other minor components. Despite its decades-long use in pigs and other species, its intramuscular (IM) pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PKs/PDs) are unknown in piglets. Furthermore, the PKs of many drugs differ between healthy and sick animals. Therefore, we investigated the PKs of gentamicin after a
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Environmental and Nutritional Parameters Modulating Genetic Expression for Virulence Factors of Clostridioides difficile Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Zoe Masset, Sathursha Gunaratnam, Mathieu Millette, Lynne V. McFarland, Monique Lacroix
Clostridioides difficile infections (CDIs) continue to be a persistent healthcare concern despite newer antibiotic treatments, enhanced infection control practices, and preventive strategies focused on restoring the protective intestinal microbial barrier. Recent strides in gene sequencing research have identified many genes regulating diverse virulence factors for CDIs. These genes may be over- or
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Evaluating the Clinical Relevance of Routine Sonication for Periprosthetic Hip or Knee Joint Infection Diagnosis Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Anas Zouitni, Jakob van Oldenrijk, P. Koen Bos, Peter D. Croughs, Erlangga Yusuf, Ewout S. Veltman
Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a serious complication after joint arthroplasty. PJI screening and conventional cultures may be inconclusive. Sonication fluid culturing stands out as a valuable adjunct technique for PJI diagnosis. This study aims to determine the clinical relevance of routine sonication for all (a)septic revisions. All patients who underwent (partial) hip or knee revision arthroplasty
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Medical-Grade Honey as a Potential New Therapy for Bacterial Vaginosis Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Céline M. J. G. Lardenoije, Senna J. J. M. van Riel, Linsey J. F. Peters, Martine M. L. H. Wassen, Niels A. J. Cremers
The prevalence of bacterial vaginosis (BV) among women of reproductive age is 29%. BV arises from a vaginal imbalance marked by reduced levels of lactic acid-producing lactobacilli and an overgrowth of pathogenic anaerobes. The multifactorial nature of BV’s pathogenesis complicates its treatment. Current antibiotic therapy exhibits a recurrence rate of about 60% within a year. Recurrence can be caused
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Antimicrobial, Probiotic, and Immunomodulatory Potential of Cannabis sativa Extract and Delivery Systems Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Anna Stasiłowicz-Krzemień, Daria Szymanowska, Piotr Szulc, Judyta Cielecka-Piontek
The compounds present in hemp show multidirectional biological activity. It is related to the presence of secondary metabolites, mainly cannabinoids, terpenes, and flavonoids, and the synergy of their biological activity. The aim of this study was to assess the activity of the Henola Cannabis sativae extract and its combinations with selected carriers (polyvinyl caprolactam–polyvinyl acetate–polyethylene
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Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Phenotypic and Genotypic Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Factors in Vibrio parahaemolyticus Isolated from Shrimp Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Varangkana Thaotumpitak, Justice Opare Odoi, Saran Anuntawirun, Saharuetai Jeamsripong
This systematic review and meta-analysis investigates the prevalence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, its virulence factors, antimicrobial resistance (AMR), and its resistance determinants in shrimp. This study was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, to identify and select relevant peer-reviewed articles published between January
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Genomic Epidemiology of C2/H30Rx and C1-M27 Subclades of Escherichia coli ST131 Isolates from Clinical Blood Samples in Hungary Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Kinga Tóth, Ivelina Damjanova, Levente Laczkó, Lilla Buzgó, Virág Lesinszki, Erika Ungvári, Laura Jánvári, Adrienn Hanczvikkel, Ákos Tóth, Dóra Szabó
Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli ST131 has become widespread worldwide. This study aims to characterize the virulome, resistome, and population structure of E. coli ST131 isolates from clinical blood samples in Hungary. A total of 30 C2/H30Rx and 33 C1-M27 ST131 isolates were selected for Illumina MiSeq sequencing and 30 isolates for MinION sequencing, followed by hybrid de
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Echinacea Reduces Antibiotics by Preventing Respiratory Infections: A Meta-Analysis (ERA-PRIMA) Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Giuseppe Gancitano, Nicola Mucci, Rainer Stange, Mercedes Ogal, Selvarani Vimalanathan, Mahfuza Sreya, Anthony Booker, Bushra Hadj-Cherif, Werner C. Albrich, Karin Woelkart-Ardjomand, Samo Kreft, Wim Vanden Berghe, Godehard Hoexter, Andreas Schapowal, Sebastian L Johnston
Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are the leading cause of antibiotic prescriptions, primarily due to the risk for secondary bacterial infections. In this study, we examined whether Echinacea could reduce the need for antibiotics by preventing RTIs and their complications, and subsequently investigated its safety profile. A comprehensive search of EMBASE, PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane DARE and
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Systemic Impact of Subgingival Infection Control in Periodontitis Patients with Cardiovascular Disease: A Narrative Review Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-15 Carmen Silvia Caloian, Andreea Ciurea, Marius Negucioiu, Alexandra Roman, Iulia Cristina Micu, Andrei Picoș, Andrada Soancă
Introduction: Periodontitis, an infectious inflammatory condition, is a key contributor to sustained systemic inflammation, intricately linked to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of death in developed nations. Treating periodontitis with subgingival mechanical instrumentation with or without adjunctive antimicrobials reduces the microbial burden and local inflammation
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A Review of the Impact of Streptococcal Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance on Human Health Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-15 Raina Gergova, Vasil Boyanov, Adile Muhtarova, Alexandra Alexandrova
Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes (GAS), and Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS) are bacteria that can cause a range of infections, some of them life-threatening. This review examines the spread of antibiotic resistance and its mechanisms against antibiotics for streptococcal infections. Data on high-level penicillin-resistant invasive pneumococci have been found in Brazil (42.8%) and Japan
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How Useful Is Preoperative Aspiration before Revision of Unicompartmental Knee Prostheses Because of Osteoarthritis in the Other Compartments? Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-15 Benedikt Paul Blersch, Florian Hubert Sax, Bernd Fink
Aim: Periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) of unicompartmental knee arthroplasties (UKAs) can lead to secondary osteoarthritis of the other compartments. The objective of this study was to identify the frequency of PJIs in cases of UKA with progressed secondary osteoarthritis and the result of septic one-stage revision in these cases to verify the value of preoperative aspiration in cases of secondary
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A Mini-Review of Anti-Listerial Compounds from Marine Actinobacteria (1990–2023) Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-15 Siyanda S. Ngema, Evelyn Madoroba
Among the foodborne illnesses, listeriosis has the third highest case mortality rate (20–30% or higher). Emerging drug-resistant strains of Listeria monocytogenes, a causative bacterium of listeriosis, exacerbate the seriousness of this public health concern. Novel anti-Listerial compounds are therefore needed to combat this challenge. In recent years, marine actinobacteria have come to be regarded
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Polyphenolic Composition and Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antihyperglycemic Activity of Different Extracts of Teucrium montanum from Ozren Mountain Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-14 Pero Sailović, Božana Odžaković, Darko Bodroža, Jelena Vulić, Jasna Čanadanović-Brunet, Jelena Zvezdanović, Bojana Danilović
Teucrium montanum has widespread use in folk medicine on the Balkan peninsula. In order to scientifically justify this use, the composition and biological activity of aqueous, ethanol, and acetone extract were investigated in this study. Moreover, acetone and ethanol extracts were obtained from the plant material previously exhausted by water extraction. A total of 27 compounds were detected in extracts
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Pharmacokinetics and Nephrotoxicity of Polymyxin MRX-8 in Rats: A Novel Agent against Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-12 Xingyi Qu, Chenxue Guo, Shaojun Liu, Xin Li, Lin Xi, Xiaofen Liu, Jing Zhang
MRX-8 is a novel polymyxin for carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative infections that has been recently evaluated in Phase I clinical trials. Herein, its pharmacokinetics (PK) and nephrotoxicity in rats are reported for the first time. This study aimed at pre-clinical PK and safety assessments. An LC-MS/MS method was developed to determine concentrations of MRX-8 and its major deacylation metabolite, MRX-8039
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Expression of Concern: Rahman et al. An Overview of Antimicrobial Stewardship Optimization: The Use of Antibiotics in Humans and Animals to Prevent Resistance. Antibiotics 2022, 11, 667 Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-12 Antibiotics Editorial Office
With this notice, the Antibiotics Editorial Office states its awareness of concerns relating to the originality of the concepts and analysis published in this review [...]
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Pharmacokinetics of Enrofloxacin in Plasma, Urine, and Feces of Donkey (Equus asinus) after a Single Intragastric Administration Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-12 Bowen Yang, Shijie Liu, Jie Cheng, Honglei Qu, Yanxin Guo, Chuanliang Ji, Yantao Wang, Shancang Zhao, Shimeng Huang, Lihong Zhao, Qiugang Ma
Enrofloxacin is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent, but the study of its pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PKs/PDs) in donkeys is rarely reported. The present study aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin administered intragastrically, and to study the pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin and its metabolite ciprofloxacin in plasma, urine, and feces, and the PK/PD parameters were investigated
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Antimicrobial Stewardship in the Emergency Department Observation Unit: Definition of a New Indicator and Evaluation of Antimicrobial Use and Clinical Outcomes Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-12 Ana Belén Guisado-Gil, Marta Mejías-Trueba, Germán Peñalva, Manuela Aguilar-Guisado, Jose Molina, Adelina Gimeno, Rocío Álvarez-Marín, Julia Praena, Claudio Bueno, José Antonio Lepe, María Victoria Gil-Navarro, José Miguel Cisneros
We aimed to define a novel indicator for monitoring antimicrobial use specifically in the Emergency Department Observation Unit (EDOU) and to assess the long-term impact of an institutional education-based antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) on the antimicrobial prescribing pattern and clinical outcomes in this setting. A quasi-experimental interrupted time-series study was performed from 2011
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Change in Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection in the Treatment-Failure Era Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-12 Rocco Spagnuolo, Giuseppe Guido Maria Scarlata, Maria Rosaria Paravati, Ludovico Abenavoli, Francesco Luzza
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a prevalent global health issue, associated with several gastrointestinal disorders, including gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancer. The landscape of H. pylori treatment has evolved over the years, with increasing challenges due to antibiotic resistance and treatment failure. Traditional diagnostic methods, such as the urea breath test, stool antigen
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Antibiotics Prescribing Pattern and Quality of Prescribing in Croatian Dental Practices—5-Year National Study Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-09 Lucija Petrac, Katarina Gvozdanovic, Vjera Perkovic, Nikolina Petek Zugaj, Neven Ljubicic
Purpose: Antibiotic resistance is one of the biggest threats to global health today. The aim of this study was to analyze antibiotic prescribing patterns and quality of prescribing in Croatian dental practices over a 5-year period. Methods: This is a retrospective observational study based on the analysis of the electronic prescriptions (medicines in ATC groups J01 and P01) from dental practices in
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Repurposing Farnesol for Combating Drug-Resistant and Persistent Single and Polymicrobial Biofilms Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Li Tan, Rong Ma, Tony Reeves, Adam J. Katz, Nicole Levi
Biofilm-associated infections caused by drug-resistant and persistent bacteria remain a significant clinical challenge. Here we report that farnesol, commercially available as a cosmetic and flavoring agent, shows significant anti-biofilm properties when dissolved in ethanol using a proprietary formulation emulsion technique. Farnesol in the new formulation inhibits biofilm formation and disrupts established
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Diagnostics in Late Periprosthetic Infections—Challenges and Solutions Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Florian Hubert Sax, Marius Hoyka, Benedikt Paul Blersch, Bernd Fink
The rising number of arthroplasties is combined with a rising number of periprosthetic joint infections, which leads to life-concerning consequences for the patients, including extended antibiotic treatment, further surgery and increased mortality. The heterogeneity of the symptoms and inflammatory response of the patients due to, e.g., age and comorbidities and the absence of a single diagnostic test
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Deciphering Microbiome, Transcriptome, and Metabolic Interactions in the Presence of Probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus against Salmonella Typhimurium in a Murine Model Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Muhammad Junaid, Hongyu Lu, Ahmad Ud Din, Bin Yu, Yu Liu, Yixiang Li, Kefei Liu, Jianhua Yan, Zhongquan Qi
Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium), a foodborne pathogen that poses significant public health risks to humans and animals, presents a formidable challenge due to its antibiotic resistance. This study explores the potential of Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus 1.3251) probiotics as an alternative strategy to combat antibiotic resistance associated with S. Typhimurium infection
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Evolution of Resistance against Ciprofloxacin, Tobramycin, and Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole in the Environmental Opportunistic Pathogen Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-05 Luz Edith Ochoa-Sánchez, José Luis Martínez, Teresa Gil-Gil
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an opportunistic pathogen that produces respiratory infections in immunosuppressed and cystic fibrosis patients. The therapeutic options to treat S. maltophilia infections are limited since it exhibits resistance to a wide variety of antibiotics such as β-lactams, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, cephalosporins, macrolides, fluoroquinolones, or carbapenems. The antibiotic
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In Vitro/Vivo Mechanisms of Antibacterial Peptide NZ2114 against Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and Its Biofilms Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Shuang Zhang, Na Yang, Ruoyu Mao, Ya Hao, Da Teng, Jianhua Wang
Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is an opportunistic pathogen commonly found in canines, and has garnered escalating interest due to its potential for zoonotic transmission and increasing antimicrobial resistance. However, the excessive use of antibiotics and the characteristic of S. pseudintermedius forming biofilms make treatment challenging. In this study, the in vivo and in vitro antimicrobial activity
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Antibiofilm and Immune-Modulatory Activity of Cannabidiol and Cannabigerol in Oral Environments—In Vitro Study Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-09 Hernan Santiago Garzón, Manuela Loaiza-Oliva, María Cecilia Martínez-Pabón, Jenniffer Puerta-Suárez, Mayra Alexandra Téllez Corral, Bruno Bueno-Silva, Daniel R. Suárez, David Díaz-Báez, Lina J. Suárez
Objective: To evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties and the immune modulatory activity of cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabigerol (CBG) on oral bacteria and periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PLF). Methods: Cytotoxicity was assessed by propidium iodide flow cytometry on fibroblasts derived from the periodontal ligament. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of CBD and CBG for
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A Comprehensive Review of Recent Research into the Effects of Antimicrobial Peptides on Biofilms—January 2020 to September 2023 Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-09 Alessio Fontanot, Isabella Ellinger, Wendy W. J. Unger, John P. Hays
Microbial biofilm formation creates a persistent and resistant environment in which microorganisms can survive, contributing to antibiotic resistance and chronic inflammatory diseases. Increasingly, biofilms are caused by multi-drug resistant microorganisms, which, coupled with a diminishing supply of effective antibiotics, is driving the search for new antibiotic therapies. In this respect, antimicrobial
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Comparative Efficacy of Continuous Ceftazidime Infusion vs. Intermittent Bolus against In Vitro Ceftazidime-Susceptible and -Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-09 Cristina El Haj, Eugènia Agustí, Eva Benavent, Laura Soldevila-Boixader, Raül Rigo-Bonnin, Fe Tubau, Benjamín Torrejón, Jaime Esteban, Oscar Murillo
Background: As the anti-biofilm pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) properties of antibiotics are not well-defined, we have evaluated the PK/PD indices for different regimens of ceftazidime (CAZ; with/without colistin) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm. Methods: We have used the Center for Disease Control and Prevention Biofilm Reactor with two susceptible (PAO1 and HUB-PAS) and one resistant
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Differences in the Synovial Fluid Proteome of Septic and Aseptic Implant Failure Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-09 Andrea Sowislok, André Busch, Farnusch Kaschani, Markus Kaiser, Marcus Jäger
Implant loosening is a severe complication after total joint replacement. Here, differential diagnosis between septic and aseptic cases is crucial for further surgical treatment, but low-grade periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) in particular remain a challenge. In this study, we analyzed the synovial fluid proteome of 21 patients undergoing revision surgery for septic (eight cases) or aseptic (thirteen
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Anticandidal Activity of a Siderophore from Marine Endophyte Pseudomonas aeruginosa Mgrv7 Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Essam Kotb, Amira H. Al-Abdalall, Ibtisam Ababutain, Nada F. AlAhmady, Sahar Aldossary, Eida Alkhaldi, Azzah I. Alghamdi, Hind A. S. Alzahrani, Mashael A. Almuhawish, Moudhi N. Alshammary, Asmaa A. Ahmed
An endophytic symbiont P. aeruginosa-producing anticandidal siderophore was recovered from mangrove leaves for the first time. Production was optimal in a succinate medium supplemented with 0.4% citric acid and 15 µM iron at pH 7 and 35 °C after 60 h of fermentation. UV spectra of the acidic preparation after purification with Amberlite XAD-4 resin gave a peak at 400 nm, while the neutralized form
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Concomitant and Bismuth Quadruple Therapy for Helicobacter pylori Eradication in Southern Italy: Preliminary Data from a Randomized Clinical Trial Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Giuseppe Losurdo, Antonia Valeria Borraccino, Adriana Aloisio, Francesco Russo, Giuseppe Riezzo, Grazia Galeano, Maria Pricci, Bruna Girardi, Francesca Celiberto, Andrea Iannone, Enzo Ierardi, Alfredo Di Leo
Concomitant therapy (CT) and bismuth quadruple therapy (BQT) are recommended in geographical areas with high clarithromycin resistance for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication. We compared CT and BQT as the first lines of treatment in a randomized controlled trial. Consecutive patients with H. pylori diagnosed by concordance of both a urea breath test and histology were recruited. For BQT, patients
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Comparison of IncK-blaCMY-2 Plasmids in Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporin-Resistant Escherichia coli Isolated from Poultry and Humans in Denmark, Finland, and Germany Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Meiyao Che, Ana Herrero Fresno, Cristina Calvo-Fernandez, Henrik Hasman, Paula E. Kurittu, Annamari Heikinheimo, Lisbeth Truelstrup Hansen
Escherichia coli carrying IncK-blaCMY-2 plasmids mediating resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESC) has been frequently described in food-producing animals and in humans. This study aimed to characterize IncK-blaCMY-2-positive ESC-resistant E. coli isolates from poultry production systems in Denmark, Finland, and Germany, as well as from Danish human blood infections, and further compare
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Dalbavancin for Acute Bacterial Skin and Skin Structure Infections in Pediatrics: Insights from Continuation Therapy Experience Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Sara Maria Scarano, Eugenia Bruzzese, Marco Poeta, Margherita Del Bene, Alfredo Guarino, Andrea Lo Vecchio
Acute Bacterial Skin and Skin Structure Infections (ABSSSI) are marked by substantial morbidity, frequent need for hospitalization, and long courses of intravenous antibiotic therapy. Herein, we report four cases of pediatric patients admitted for ABSSSI and managed with a combination antibiotic regimen incorporating dalbavancin: a second-generation lipoglycopeptide active against Gram-positive bacteria
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Reintroduction of Legacy Antibiotics in Neonatal Sepsis: The Special Role of Fosfomycin and Colistin Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-05 Maria Baltogianni, Niki Dermitzaki, Chrysoula Kosmeri, Anastasios Serbis, Foteini Balomenou, Vasileios Giapros
Neonatal sepsis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in neonates, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. The emergence of antimicrobial resistance is a rapidly growing global problem. A significant proportion of the pathogens that commonly cause neonatal sepsis are resistant to multiple antibiotics. Therefore, for the empirical treatment of neonatal sepsis, the repurposing of older
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Revisiting the Checkerboard to Inform Development of β-Lactam/β-Lactamase Inhibitor Combinations Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-07 Darren J. Bentley
A two-dimensional “checkerboard” array employing systematic titration (e.g., serial two-fold dilutions) is a well-established in vitro method for exploring the antibacterial effects of novel drug combinations. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) on the checkerboard are isoeffective points at which the antibiotic potency is the same. Representations of checkerboard MIC curves for a β-lactam and
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Helicobacter pylori Secondary Antibiotic Resistance after One or More Eradication Failure: A Genotypic Stool Analysis Study Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-07 Giuseppe Losurdo, Martino Mezzapesa, Ilaria Ditonno, Mariapaola Piazzolla, Maria Pricci, Bruna Girardi, Francesca Celiberto, Grazia Galeano, Giuseppe Riezzo, Francesco Russo, Andrea Iannone, Enzo Ierardi, Alfredo Di Leo
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) antibiotic resistance is the leading cause for unsuccessful eradication therapy. After one or more failures, the chance of encountering secondary antibiotic resistance increases. The aim of this study was to characterize genotypic secondary resistance in a cohort of southern Italian H. pylori patients with at least one previous failure. Such patients collected stool
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Emerging Issues on Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria Colonizing Plastic Waste in Aquatic Ecosystems Antibiotics (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Ifra Ferheen, Roberto Spurio, Stefania Marcheggiani
Antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) adhesion onto plastic substrates is a potential threat to environmental and human health. This current research investigates the prevalence of two relevant human pathogens, Staphylococcus spp. and Klebsiella spp., and their sophisticated equipment of antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs), retrieved from plastic substrates submerged into an inland water body. The results