-
Phonological properties of logographic words modulate brain activation in bilinguals: a comparative study of Chinese characters and Japanese Kanji Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-23 Zhenglong Lin, Xiujun Li, Geqi Qi, Jiajia Yang, Hongzan Sun, Qiyong Guo, Jinglong Wu, Min Xu
The brain networks for the first (L1) and second (L2) languages are dynamically formed in the bilingual brain. This study delves into the neural mechanisms associated with logographic–logographic bilingualism, where both languages employ visually complex and conceptually rich logographic scripts. Using functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, we examined the brain activity of Chinese–Japanese bilinguals
-
Encoding luminance surfaces in the visual cortex of mice and monkeys: difference in responses to edge and center Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-23 Shany Nivinsky Margalit, Hamutal Slovin
Luminance and spatial contrast provide information on the surfaces and edges of objects. We investigated neural responses to black and white surfaces in the primary visual cortex (V1) of mice and monkeys. Unlike primates that use their fovea to inspect objects with high acuity, mice lack a fovea and have low visual acuity. It thus remains unclear whether monkeys and mice share similar neural mechanisms
-
The neural representations of valence transformation in indole processing Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-23 Laiquan Zou, Yue Qi, Lei Shen, Yanyang Huang, Jiayu Huang, Zheng Xia, Mingxia Fan, Wu Fan, Guo-bi Chai, Qing-zhao Shi, Qidong Zhang, Chao Yan
Indole is often associated with a sweet and floral odor typical of jasmine flowers at low concentrations and an unpleasant, animal-like odor at high concentrations. However, the mechanism whereby the brain processes this opposite valence of indole is not fully understood yet. In this study, we aimed to investigate the neural mechanisms underlying indole valence encoding in conversion and nonconversion
-
Multi-scale analysis of acupuncture mechanisms for motor and sensory cortex activity based on SEEG data Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-23 Xiaoyu Chang, Pengliang Hao, Shuhua Zhang, Yuanyuan Dang, Aijun Liu, Nan Zheng, Zhao Dong, Hulin Zhao
Acupuncture, a traditional Chinese therapy, is gaining attention for its impact on the brain. While existing electroencephalogram and functional magnetic resonance image research has made significant contributions, this paper utilizes stereo-electroencephalography data for a comprehensive exploration of neurophysiological effects. Employing a multi-scale approach, channel-level analysis reveals notable
-
The Subcortical Atlas of the Marmoset (“SAM”) monkey based on high-resolution MRI and histology Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-22 Kadharbatcha S Saleem, Alexandru V Avram, Daniel Glen, Vincent Schram, Peter J Basser
A comprehensive three-dimensional digital brain atlas of cortical and subcortical regions based on MRI and histology has a broad array of applications in anatomical, functional, and clinical studies. We first generated a Subcortical Atlas of the Marmoset, called the “SAM,” from 251 delineated subcortical regions (e.g. thalamic subregions, etc.) derived from high-resolution Mean Apparent Propagator-MRI
-
Investigating the different mechanisms in related neural activities: a focus on auditory perception and imagery Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Jin Gu, Kexin Deng, Xiaoqi Luo, Wanli Ma, Xuegang Tang
Neuroimaging studies have shown that the neural representation of imagery is closely related to the perception modality; however, the undeniable different experiences between perception and imagery indicate that there are obvious neural mechanism differences between them, which cannot be explained by the simple theory that imagery is a form of weak perception. Considering the importance of functional
-
Localizing apraxia in corticobasal syndrome: a morphometric MRI study Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Vasilios C Constantinides, George P Paraskevas, Georgios Velonakis, Leonidas Stefanis, Elisabeth Kapaki
Apraxia localization has relied on voxel-based, lesion-symptom mapping studies in left hemisphere stroke patients. Studies on the neural substrates of different manifestations of apraxia in neurodegenerative disorders are scarce. The primary aim of this study was to look into the neural substrates of different manifestations of apraxia in a cohort of corticobasal syndrome patients (CBS) by use of cortical
-
Olfactory function after mild traumatic brain injury in children—a longitudinal case control study Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Janine Gellrich, Claudia Zickmüller, Theresa Thieme, Christian Karpinski, Guido Fitze, Martin Smitka, Maja von der Hagen, Valentin A Schriever
The prevalence of posttraumatic olfactory dysfunction in children after mild traumatic brain injury ranges from 3 to 58%, with potential factors influencing this variation, including traumatic brain injury severity and assessment methods. This prospective longitudinal study examines the association between mild traumatic brain injury and olfactory dysfunction in children. Seventy-five pediatric patients
-
Distinct neural mechanisms for action access and execution in the human brain: insights from an fMRI study Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Giorgio Papitto, Angela D Friederici, Emiliano Zaccarella
Goal-directed actions are fundamental to human behavior, whereby inner goals are achieved through mapping action representations to motor outputs. The left premotor cortex (BA6) and the posterior portion of Broca’s area (BA44) are two modulatory poles of the action system. However, how these regions support the representation-output mapping within the system is not yet understood. To address this,
-
The identification of novel schizophrenia-related metabolites using untargeted lipidomics Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-14 Mengyao Shi, Xiangdong Du, Yiming Jia, Yonghong Zhang, Qiufang Jia, Xiaobin Zhang, Zhengbao Zhu
Human lipidome still remains largely unexplored among Chinese schizophrenia patients. We aimed to identify novel lipid molecules associated with schizophrenia and cognition among schizophrenia patients. The current study included 96 male schizophrenia patients and 96 gender-matched healthy controls. Untargeted lipidomics profiling was conducted among all participants. Logistic regression models were
-
Cortical volume reductions in men transitioning to first-time fatherhood reflect both parenting engagement and mental health risk Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-14 Darby Saxbe, Magdalena Martínez-García
Perinatal reductions in gray matter volume have been observed in human mothers transitioning to parenthood, with preliminary evidence for similar changes in fathers. These reductions have been theorized to support adaptation to parenting, but greater investigation is needed. We scanned 38 first-time fathers during their partner’s pregnancy and again after 6 months postpartum, and collected self-report
-
Potential of focal cortical dysplasia in migraine pathogenesis Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-14 Michal Fila, Lukasz Przyslo, Marcin Derwich, Ezbieta Pawlowska, Janusz Blasiak
Focal cortical dysplasias are abnormalities of the cerebral cortex associated with an elevated risk of neurological disturbances. Cortical spreading depolarization/depression is a correlate of migraine aura/headache and a trigger of migraine pain mechanisms. However, cortical spreading depolarization/depression is associated with cortical structural changes, which can be classified as transient focal
-
Identifying suicide attempter in major depressive disorder through machine learning: the importance of pain avoidance, event-related potential features of affective processing Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-14 Huanhuan Li, Shijie Wei, Fang Sun, Jiachen Wan, Ting Guo
How to achieve a high-precision suicide attempt classifier based on the three-dimensional psychological pain model is a valuable issue in suicide research. The aim of the present study is to explore the importance of pain avoidance and its related neural features in suicide attempt classification models among patients with major depressive disorder. By recursive feature elimination with cross-validation
-
Intolerance of uncertainty affects the behavioral and neural mechanisms of higher generalization Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-14 Qi Wu, Lei Xu, Jiaming Wan, Zhang Yu, Yi Lei
Intolerance of uncertainty (IU) is associated with several anxiety disorders. In this study, we employed rewards and losses as unconditioned positive and negative stimuli, respectively, to explore the effects of an individual’s IU level on positive and negative generalizations using magnetic resonance imaging technology. Following instrumental learning, 48 participants (24 high IU; 24 low IU) were
-
Tracking the habituation of the event-related EEG potential in automatic change detection using an auditory two-tone oddball paradigm Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-14 Tobias A Wagner-Altendorf, Marlitt Rein, Valentina M Skeries, Anna Cirkel, Thomas F Münte, Marcus Heldmann
The mismatch negativity and the P3a of the event-related EEG potential reflect the electrocortical response to a deviant stimulus in a series of stimuli. Although both components have been investigated in various paradigms, these paradigms usually incorporate many repetitions of the same deviant, thus leaving open whether both components vary as a function of the deviant’s position in a series of deviant
-
A special role for anterior cingulate cortex, but not orbitofrontal cortex or basolateral amygdala, in choices involving information Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-13 Valeria V González, Yifan Zhang, Sonya A Ashikyan, Anne Rickard, Ibrahim Yassine, Juan Luis Romero-Sosa, Aaron P Blaisdell, Alicia Izquierdo
Subjects are often willing to pay a cost for information. In a procedure that promotes paradoxical choices, animals choose between a richer option followed by a cue that is rewarded 50% of the time (No Info) vs. a leaner option followed by one of two cues that signal certain outcomes: one always rewarded (100%) and the other never rewarded, 0% (Info). Since decisions involve comparing the subjective
-
A Multivariate analysis on evoked components of Chinese semantic congruity: an OP-MEG study with EEG Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-13 Huanqi Wu, Xiaoyu Liang, Ruonan Wang, Yuyu Ma, Yang Gao, Xiaolin Ning
The application of wearable magnetoencephalography using optically-pumped magnetometers has drawn extensive attention in the field of neuroscience. Electroencephalogram system can cover the whole head and reflect the overall activity of a large number of neurons. The efficacy of optically-pumped magnetometer in detecting event-related components can be validated through electroencephalogram results
-
Pituitary volumes in patients with adjustment disorder Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-13 Murad Atmaca, Alper Bibar, Muhammed Fatih Tabara, Mustafa Koc, Mehmet Gurkan Gurok, Sevda Korkmaz, Osman Mermi, Hanefi Yildirim
The pituitary gland plays an important role in the stress response mechanism. Given the direct link between adjustment disorder and stress, we hypothesized that there might be changes in the pituitary gland in these patients. The study comprised a patient group of 19 individuals with adjustment disorder according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition, and 18 healthy
-
Early-stage use of hearing aids preserves auditory cortical structure in children with sensorineural hearing loss Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-13 Di Yuan, Elizabeth Tournis, Maura E Ryan, Ching Man Lai, Xiujuan Geng, Nancy M Young, Patrick C M Wong
Hearing is critical to spoken language, cognitive, and social development. Little is known about how early auditory experiences impact the brain structure of children with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. This study examined the influence of hearing aid use and residual hearing on the auditory cortex of children with severe to profound congenital sensorineural hearing loss. We evaluated cortical
-
Action video games and posterior parietal cortex neuromodulation enhance both attention and reading in adults with developmental dyslexia Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-13 Sara Bertoni, Sandro Franceschini, Martina Mancarella, Giovanna Puccio, Luca Ronconi, Gianluca Marsicano, Simone Gori, Gianluca Campana, Andrea Facoetti
The impact of action video games on reading performance has been already demonstrated in individuals with and without neurodevelopmental disorders. The combination of action video games and posterior parietal cortex neuromodulation by a transcranial random noise stimulation could enhance brain plasticity, improving attentional control and reading skills also in adults with developmental dyslexia. In
-
Morphological correlates of pyramidal cell axonal myelination in mouse and human neocortex Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-13 Maria Pascual-García, Maurits Unkel, Johan A Slotman, Anne Bolleboom, Bibi Bouwen, Adriaan B Houtsmuller, Clemens Dirven, Zhenyu Gao, Sara Hijazi, Steven A Kushner
The axons of neocortical pyramidal neurons are frequently myelinated. Heterogeneity in the topography of axonal myelination in the cerebral cortex has been attributed to a combination of electrophysiological activity, axonal morphology, and neuronal–glial interactions. Previously, we showed that axonal segment length and caliber are critical local determinants of fast-spiking interneuron myelination
-
Developmental dyslexia susceptibility genes DNAAF4, DCDC2, and NRSN1 are associated with brain function in fluently reading adolescents and young adults Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-13 Nea Rinne, Patrik Wikman, Elisa Sahari, Juha Salmi, Elisabet Einarsdóttir, Juha Kere, Kimmo Alho
Reading skills and developmental dyslexia, characterized by difficulties in developing reading skills, have been associated with brain anomalies within the language network. Genetic factors contribute to developmental dyslexia risk, but the mechanisms by which these genes influence reading skills remain unclear. In this preregistered study (https://osf.io/7sehx), we explored if developmental dyslexia
-
Aerobic fitness as a moderator of acute aerobic exercise effects on executive function Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Yuan-Fu Dai, Xiao-Ke Zhong, Xiao-Yan Gao, Chen Huang, Wen-Wu Leng, Han-Zhe Chen, Chang-Hao Jiang
This study aimed to investigate the moderating role of aerobic fitness on the effect of acute exercise on improving executive function from both behavioral and cerebral aspects. Thirty-four young individuals with motor skills were divided into high- and low-fitness groups based on their maximal oxygen uptake. Both groups completed 30 min of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on a power bike. Executive
-
Autism-associated brain differences can be observed in utero using MRI Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Alpen Ortug, Yurui Guo, Henry A Feldman, Yangming Ou, Jose Luis Alatorre Warren, Harrison Dieuveuil, Nicole T Baumer, Susan K Faja, Emi Takahashi
Developmental changes that occur before birth are thought to be associated with the development of autism spectrum disorders. Identifying anatomical predictors of early brain development may contribute to our understanding of the neurobiology of autism spectrum disorders and allow for earlier and more effective identification and treatment of autism spectrum disorders. In this study, we used retrospective
-
Noninvasive brain stimulations modulated brain modular interactions to ameliorate working memory in community-dwelling older adults Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Dongqiong Fan, Xianwei Che, Yang Jiang, Qinghua He, Jing Yu, Haichao Zhao
Non-invasive brain stimulations have drawn attention in remediating memory decline in older adults. However, it remains unclear regarding the cognitive and neural mechanisms underpinning the neurostimulation effects on memory rehabilitation. We evaluated the intervention effects of 2-weeks of neurostimulations (high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation, HD-tDCS, and electroacupuncture
-
Volumetric analysis of age- and sex-related changes in the corpus striatum and thalamus in the 1–18 age group: a retrospective magnetic resonance imaging study Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Sefa Işıklar, Dilek Sağlam
Studies of the development and asymmetry of the corpus striatum and thalamus in early childhood are rare. Studies investigating these structures across the lifespan have not presented their changes during childhood and adolescence in detail. For these reasons, this study investigated the effect of age and sex factors on the development and asymmetry of the corpus striatum and thalamus in the 1–18 age
-
Modulatory effects of low-intensity retinal ultrasound stimulation on rapid and non-rapid eye movement sleep Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Teng Wang, Mengran Wang, Jiawei Wang, Zhen Li, Yi Yuan
Prior investigations have established that the manipulation of neural activity has the potential to influence both rapid eye movement and non-rapid eye movement sleep. Low-intensity retinal ultrasound stimulation has shown effectiveness in the modulation of neural activity. Nevertheless, the specific effects of retinal ultrasound stimulation on rapid eye movement and non-rapid eye movement sleep, as
-
Modeling refined differences of cortical folding patterns via spatial, morphological, and temporal fusion representations Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Chunhong Cao, Yongquan Li, Fang Hu, Xieping Gao
The gyrus, a pivotal cortical folding pattern, is essential for integrating brain structure-function. This study focuses on 2-Hinge and 3-Hinge folds, characterized by the gyral convergence from various directions. Existing voxel-level studies may not adequately capture the precise spatial relationships within cortical folding patterns, especially when relying solely on local cortical characteristics
-
Memory deficit in patients with cerebral small vessel disease: evidence from eye tracking technology Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Kailing Huang, Tingting Zhao, Weifeng Sun, Li Feng, Quan Wang, Jie Feng
Cerebral small vessel disease is the one of the most prevalent causes of vascular cognitive impairment. We aimed to find objective and process-based indicators related to memory function to assist in the detection of memory impairment in patients with cerebral small vessel disease. Thirty-nine cerebral small vessel disease patients and 22 healthy controls were invited to complete neurological examinations
-
Suppression of Cofilin function in the somatosensory cortex alters social contact behavior in the BTBR mouse inbred line Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Iris W Riemersma, Kevin G O Ike, Thomas Sollie, Elroy L Meijer, Robbert Havekes, Martien J H Kas
Sensory differences are a core feature of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and are predictive of other ASD core symptoms such as social difficulties. However, the neurobiological substrate underlying the functional relationship between sensory and social functioning is poorly understood. Here, we examined whether misregulation of structural plasticity in the somatosensory cortex modulates aberrant social
-
Association between white matter hyperintensity and anxiety/depression Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Ruixue Zhou, Qingqing Cai, Chen Liu, Jingni Hui, Meijuan Kang, Yifan Gou, Ye Liu, Panxing Shi, Bingyi Wang, Feng Zhang
Although previous studies have explored the associations of white matter hyperintensity with psychiatric disorders, the sample size is small and the conclusions are inconsistent. The present study aimed to further systematically explore the association in a larger sample. All data were extracted from the UK Biobank. First, general linear regression models and logistic regression models were used to
-
Cortical specialization associated with native speech category acquisition in early infancy Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Jie Ren, Lin Cai, Gaoding Jia, Haijing Niu
This study investigates neural processes in infant speech processing, with a focus on left frontal brain regions and hemispheric lateralization in Mandarin-speaking infants' acquisition of native tonal categories. We tested 2- to 6-month-old Mandarin learners to explore age-related improvements in tone discrimination, the role of inferior frontal regions in abstract speech category representation,
-
Morphological and regional spontaneous functional aberrations in the brain associated with Crohn’s disease: a systematic review and coordinate-based meta-analyses Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Ning Kong, Feini Zhou, Fan Zhang, Chen Gao, Linyu Wu, Yifan Guo, Yiyuan Gao, Jiangnan Lin, Maosheng Xu
Crohn's disease is an acknowledged “brain–gut” disorder with unclear physiopathology. This study aims to identify potential neuroimaging biomarkers of Crohn's disease. Gray matter volume, cortical thickness, amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations, and regional homogeneity were selected as indices of interest and subjected to analyses using both activation likelihood estimation and seed-based d mapping
-
Functional brain networks in Developmental Topographical Disorientation Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Mahsa Faryadras, Ford Burles, Giuseppe Iaria, Jörn Davidsen
Despite a decade-long study on Developmental Topographical Disorientation, the underlying mechanism behind this neurological condition remains unknown. This lifelong selective inability in orientation, which causes these individuals to get lost even in familiar surroundings, is present in the absence of any other neurological disorder or acquired brain damage. Herein, we report an analysis of the functional
-
Neural patterns associated with mixed valence feelings differ in consistency and predictability throughout the brain Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Anthony G Vaccaro, Helen Wu, Rishab Iyer, Shruti Shakthivel, Nina C Christie, Antonio Damasio, Jonas Kaplan
Mixed feelings, the simultaneous presence of feelings with positive and negative valence, remain an understudied topic. They pose a specific set of challenges due to individual variation, and their investigation requires analtyic approaches focusing on individually self-reported states. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to scan 27 subjects watching an animated short film chosen to
-
Favoritism or bias? Cooperation and competition under different intergroup relationships: evidence from EEG hyperscanning Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Yingjie Liu, Ye Zhang, Yifei Zhong, Jingyue Liu, Chenyu Zhang, Yujia Meng, Nan Pang, Xuemei Cheng, He Wang
Cooperation and competition are the most common forms of social interaction in various social relationships. Intergroup relationships have been posited to influence individuals’ interpersonal interactions significantly. Using electroencephalography hyperscanning, this study aimed to establish whether intergroup relationships influence interpersonal cooperation and competition and the underlying neural
-
Neural alignment during outgroup intervention predicts future change of affect towards outgroup Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Annika Kluge, Niko Somila, Kaisu Lankinen, Jonathan Levy
While social psychology studies have shown that paradoxical thinking intervention has a moderating effect on negative attitudes toward members from rival social groups (i.e. outgroup), the neural underpinnings of the intervention have not been studied. Here, we investigate this by examining neural alignment across individuals at different phases during the intervention regarding Covid-19 vaccine-supporters’
-
The causal relationship between physical activity, sedentary behavior and brain cortical structure: a Mendelian randomization study Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Yulin Sun, Di Ma, Zhenping Jiang, Qifeng Han, Yining Liu, Guoyang Chen
Physical activity and sedentary behavior, both distinct lifestyle behaviors associated with brain health, have an unclear potential relationship with brain cortical structure. This study aimed to determine the causal link between physical activity, sedentary behavior, and brain cortical structure (cortical surface area and thickness) through Mendelian randomization analysis. The inverse-variance weighted
-
Implicit weight bias: shared neural substrates for overweight and angry facial expressions revealed by cross-adaptation Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Xu Luo, Danning Zhao, Yi Gao, Zhihao Yang, Da Wang, Gaoxing Mei
The perception of facial expression plays a crucial role in social communication, and it is known to be influenced by various facial cues. Previous studies have reported both positive and negative biases toward overweight individuals. It is unclear whether facial cues, such as facial weight, bias facial expression perception. Combining psychophysics and event-related potential technology, the current
-
Limited but specific engagement of the mature language network during linguistic statistical learning Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Julie M Schneider, Terri L Scott, Jennifer Legault, Zhenghan Qi
Statistical learning (SL) is the ability to detect and learn regularities from input and is foundational to language acquisition. Despite the dominant role of SL as a theoretical construct for language development, there is a lack of direct evidence supporting the shared neural substrates underlying language processing and SL. It is also not clear whether the similarities, if any, are related to linguistic
-
Fragile X cortex is characterized by decreased parvalbumin-expressing interneurons Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-24 Pablo Juarez, Maria Jimena Salcedo-Arellano, Brett Dufour, Veronica Martinez-Cerdeño
Fragile X syndrome is a genetic neurodevelopmental disorder caused by a mutation of the fragile X messenger ribonucleoprotein 1 (FMR1) gene in the X chromosome. Many fragile X syndrome cases present with autism spectrum disorder and fragile X syndrome cases account for up to 5% of all autism spectrum disorder cases. The cellular composition of the fragile X syndrome cortex is not well known. We evaluated
-
Shared and differing functional connectivity abnormalities of the default mode network in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-24 Yaxuan Wang, Qian Li, Li Yao, Ning He, Yingying Tang, Lizhou Chen, Fenghua Long, Yufei Chen, Graham J Kemp, Su Lui, Fei Li
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) both show abnormal resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) of default mode network (DMN), but it is unclear to what extent these abnormalities are shared. Therefore, we performed a comprehensive meta-analysis, including 31 MCI studies and 20 AD studies. MCI patients, compared to controls, showed decreased within-DMN rsFC in bilateral
-
Non-image-forming vision as measured through ipRGC-mediated pupil constriction is not modulated by covert visual attention Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-24 Ana Vilotijević, Sebastiaan Mathôt
In brightness, the pupil constricts, while in darkness, the pupil dilates; this is known as the pupillary light response (PLR). The PLR is driven by all photoreceptors: rods and cones, which contribute to image-forming vision, and intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs), which mainly contribute to non-image-forming vision. Rods and cones cause immediate pupil constriction upon
-
Effort expenditure modulates feedback evaluations involving self–other agreement: evidence from brain potentials and neural oscillations Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Jin Li, Bowei Zhong, Mei Li, Yu Sun, Wei Fan, Shuangxi Liu
The influence of effort expenditure on the subjective value in feedback involving material reward has been the focus of previous research. However, little is known about the impact of effort expenditure on subjective value evaluations when feedback involves reward that is produced in the context of social interaction (e.g. self–other agreement). Moreover, how effort expenditure influences confidence
-
Effect of GABAa-receptors on neuronal discharge and ion activity in focal seizures Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Xin Li, Zhongjie Qu, Zipeng Li, Rui Su, Bowen Yin, Liyong Yin
Focal seizures are a type of epileptic event that has plagued the medical community for a long time, and the existing drug treatment is mainly based on the modulation of ${GABA}_a$-receptors to affect GABAergic signaling to achieve the therapeutic purpose. The majority of research currently focuses on the impact of ${GABA}_a$-receptors on neuronal firing, failing to analyze the molecular and ionic
-
Effects of accelerated intermittent theta-burst stimulation in modulating brain of Alzheimer’s disease Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Hua Lin, Junhua Liang, Qianqian Wang, Yuxuan Shao, Penghui Song, Siran Li, Yang Bai
Intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) is emerging as a noninvasive therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent advances highlighted a new accelerated iTBS (aiTBS) protocol, consisting of multiple sessions per day and higher overall pulse doses, in brain modulation. To examine the possibility of applying the aiTBS in treating AD patients, we enrolled 45 patients in AD at early clinical
-
Auditory aversive generalization learning prompts threat-specific changes in alpha-band activity Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Andrew H Farkas, Richard T Ward, Faith E Gilbert, Jourdan Pouliot, Payton Chiasson, Skylar McIlvanie, Caitlin Traiser, Kierstin Riels, Ryan Mears, Andreas Keil
Pairing a neutral stimulus with aversive outcomes prompts neurophysiological and autonomic changes in response to the conditioned stimulus (CS+), compared to cues that signal safety (CS−). One of these changes—selective amplitude reduction of parietal alpha-band oscillations—has been reliably linked to processing of visual CS+. It is, however, unclear to what extent auditory conditioned cues prompt
-
High-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation promotes ipsilesional functional hyperemia and motor recovery in mice with ischemic stroke Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 Li Liu, Ming Ding, Junfa Wu, Yuwen Zhang, Qianfeng Wang, Nianhong Wang, Lu Luo, Kewei Yu, Yunhui Fan, Jingjun Zhang, Yi Wu, Xiao Xiao, Qun Zhang
Neurovascular decoupling plays a significant role in dysfunction following an ischemic stroke. This study aimed to explore the effect of low- and high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on neurovascular remodeling after ischemic stroke. To achieve this goal, we compared functional hyperemia, cerebral blood flow regulatory factors, and neurochemical transmitters in the peri-infract
-
Conversational production and comprehension: fMRI-evidence reminiscent of but deviant from the classical Broca–Wernicke model Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Caroline Arvidsson, Ekaterina Torubarova, André Pereira, Julia Uddén
A key question in research on the neurobiology of language is to which extent the language production and comprehension systems share neural infrastructure, but this question has not been addressed in the context of conversation. We utilized a public fMRI dataset where 24 participants engaged in unscripted conversations with a confederate outside the scanner, via an audio-video link. We provide evidence
-
In the face of ambiguity: intrinsic brain organization in development predicts one’s bias toward positivity or negativity Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Nicholas R Harp, Ashley N Nielsen, Douglas H Schultz, Maital Neta
Exacerbated negativity bias, including in responses to ambiguity, represents a common phenotype of internalizing disorders. Individuals differ in their propensity toward positive or negative appraisals of ambiguity. This variability constitutes one’s valence bias, a stable construct linked to mental health. Evidence suggests an initial negativity in response to ambiguity that updates via regulatory
-
Dynamic nonreversibility view of intrinsic brain organization and brain dynamic analysis of repetitive transcranial magnitude stimulation Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Liming Fan, Youjun Li, Xingjian Zhao, Zi-gang Huang, Tian Liu, Jue Wang
Intrinsic neural activities are characterized as endless spontaneous fluctuation over multiple time scales. However, how the intrinsic brain organization changes over time under local perturbation remains an open question. By means of statistical physics, we proposed an approach to capture whole-brain dynamics based on estimating time-varying nonreversibility and k-means clustering of dynamic varying
-
Associations of hearing loss and structural changes in specific cortical regions: a Mendelian randomization study Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Xiaoduo Liu, Lubo Shi, Enze Li, Shuo Jia
Introduction Previous studies have suggested a correlation between hearing loss (HL) and cortical alterations, but the specific brain regions that may be affected are unknown. Methods Genome-wide association study (GWAS) data for 3 subtypes of HL phenotypes, sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), conductive hearing loss, and mixed hearing loss, were selected as exposures, and GWAS data for brain structure-related
-
High-level language brain regions process sublexical regularities Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Tamar I Regev, Hee So Kim, Xuanyi Chen, Josef Affourtit, Abigail E Schipper, Leon Bergen, Kyle Mahowald, Evelina Fedorenko
A network of left frontal and temporal brain regions supports language processing. This “core” language network stores our knowledge of words and constructions as well as constraints on how those combine to form sentences. However, our linguistic knowledge additionally includes information about phonemes and how they combine to form phonemic clusters, syllables, and words. Are phoneme combinatorics
-
Multipattern graph convolutional network-based autism spectrum disorder identification Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Wenhao Zhou, Mingxiang Sun, Xiaowen Xu, Yudi Ruan, Chenhao Sun, Weikai Li, Xin Gao
The early diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been extensively facilitated through the utilization of resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI). With rs-fMRI, the functional brain network (FBN) has gained much attention in diagnosing ASD. As a promising strategy, graph convolutional networks (GCN) provide an attractive approach to simultaneously extract FBN features and facilitate ASD identification
-
Discrepant changes in structure–function coupling in dancers and musicians Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Kexin Gao, Hui He, Bao Lu, Qiushui Xie, Jing Lu, Dezhong Yao, Cheng Luo, Gujing Li
Dance and music are well known to improve sensorimotor skills and cognitive functions. To reveal the underlying mechanism, previous studies focus on the brain plastic structural and functional effects of dance and music training. However, the discrepancy training effects on brain structure–function relationship are still blurred. Thus, proficient dancers, musicians, and controls were recruited in this
-
The effects of mental fatigue on fine motor performance in humans and its neural network connectivity mechanism: a dart throwing study Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Suoqing Niu, Jianrui Guo, Nicholas J Hanson, KaiQi Wang, Jinlei Chai, Feng Guo
While it is well known that mental fatigue impairs fine motor performance, the investigation into its neural basis remains scant. Here, we investigate the impact of mental fatigue on fine motor performance and explore its underlying neural network connectivity mechanisms. A total of 24 healthy male university students were recruited and randomly divided into two groups: a mental fatigue group (MF)
-
Alexithymia modulates emotion concept activation during facial expression processing Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Linwei Yu, Weihan Wang, Zhiwei Li, Yi Ren, Jiabin Liu, Lan Jiao, Qiang Xu
Alexithymia is characterized by difficulties in emotional information processing. However, the underlying reasons for emotional processing deficits in alexithymia are not fully understood. The present study aimed to investigate the mechanism underlying emotional deficits in alexithymia. Using the Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20, we recruited college students with high alexithymia (n = 24) or low alexithymia
-
Utilizing graph convolutional networks for identification of mild cognitive impairment from single modal fMRI data: a multiconnection pattern combination approach Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Jie He, Peng Wang, Jun He, Chenhao Sun, Xiaowen Xu, Lei Zhang, Xin Wang, Xin Gao
Mild cognitive impairment plays a crucial role in predicting the early progression of Alzheimer’s disease, and it can be used as an important indicator of the disease progression. Currently, numerous studies have focused on utilizing the functional brain network as a novel biomarker for mild cognitive impairment diagnosis. In this context, we employed a graph convolutional neural network to automatically
-
Auditory prediction errors in sound frequency and duration generated different cortical activation patterns in the human brain: an ECoG study Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Megumi Takasago, Naoto Kunii, Shigeta Fujitani, Yohei Ishishita, Mariko Tada, Kenji Kirihara, Misako Komatsu, Takanori Uka, Seijiro Shimada, Keisuke Nagata, Kiyoto Kasai, Nobuhito Saito
Sound frequency and duration are essential auditory components. The brain perceives deviations from the preceding sound context as prediction errors, allowing efficient reactions to the environment. Additionally, prediction error response to duration change is reduced in the initial stages of psychotic disorders. To compare the spatiotemporal profiles of responses to prediction errors, we conducted
-
Functional characterization of the language network of polyglots and hyperpolyglots with precision fMRI Cereb. Cortex (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Saima Malik-Moraleda, Olessia Jouravlev, Maya Taliaferro, Zachary Mineroff, Theodore Cucu, Kyle Mahowald, Idan A Blank, Evelina Fedorenko
How do polyglots—individuals who speak five or more languages—process their languages, and what can this population tell us about the language system? Using fMRI, we identified the language network in each of 34 polyglots (including 16 hyperpolyglots with knowledge of 10+ languages) and examined its response to the native language, non-native languages of varying proficiency, and unfamiliar languages