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Mini-dose methotrexate combined with methylprednisolone for the initial treatment of acute GVHD: a multicentre, randomized trial BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Yu Wang, Qi-Fa Liu, De-Pei Wu, Zheng-Li Xu, Ting-Ting Han, Yu-Qian Sun, Fen Huang, Zhi-Ping Fan, Na Xu, Feng Chen, Ye Zhao, Yuan Kong, Xiao-Dong Mo, Lan-Ping Xu, Xiao-Hui Zhang, Kai-Yan Liu, Xiao-Jun Huang
There is an urgent unmet need for effective initial treatment for acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) adding to the standard first-line therapy with corticosteroids after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). We performed a multicentre, open-label, randomized, phase 3 study. Eligible patients (aged 15 years or older, had received allo-HSCT for a haematological malignancy
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Long-term assessment of the NHS hybrid closed-loop real-world study on glycaemic outcomes, time-in-range, and quality of life in children and young people with type 1 diabetes BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 Sze May Ng, Neil P. Wright, Diana Yardley, Fiona Campbell, Tabitha Randell, Nicola Trevelyan, Atrayee Ghatak, Peter C. Hindmarsh
Hybrid closed-loop (HCL) systems seamlessly interface continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) with insulin pumps, employing specialised algorithms and user-initiated automated insulin delivery. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of HCLs at 12 months post-initiation on glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), time-in-range (TIR), hypoglycaemia frequency, and quality of life measures among children and young people
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Osimertinib in combination with anti-angiogenesis therapy presents a promising option for osimertinib-resistant non-small cell lung cancer BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 Ruoshuang Han, Haoyue Guo, Jinpeng Shi, Sha Zhao, Yijun Jia, Xiaozhen Liu, Yiwei Liu, Lei Cheng, Chao Zhao, Xuefei Li, Caicun Zhou
Osimertinib has become standard care for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients whereas drug resistance remains inevitable. Now we recognize that the interactions between the tumor and the tumor microenvironment (TME) also account for drug resistance. Therefore, we provide a new sight into post-osimertinib management, focusing on the alteration
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Very short sleep duration reveals a proteomic fingerprint that is selectively associated with incident diabetes mellitus but not with incident coronary heart disease: a cohort study BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-23 Thomas Svensson, Akiko Kishi Svensson, Mariusz Kitlinski, Gunnar Engström, Jan Nilsson, Marju Orho-Melander, Peter M. Nilsson, Olle Melander
The molecular pathways linking short and long sleep duration with incident diabetes mellitus (iDM) and incident coronary heart disease (iCHD) are not known. We aimed to identify circulating protein patterns associated with sleep duration and test their impact on incident cardiometabolic disease. We assessed sleep duration and measured 78 plasma proteins among 3336 participants aged 46–68 years, free
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Efficacy and safety of tislelizumab plus lenvatinib as first-line treatment in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a multicenter, single-arm, phase 2 trial BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-23 Li Xu, Jinzhang Chen, Chang Liu, Xiaoling Song, Yanqiao Zhang, Haitao Zhao, Sheng Yan, Weidong Jia, Zheng Wu, Yabing Guo, Jiayin Yang, Wei Gong, Yue Ma, Xiaobo Yang, Zhenzhen Gao, Nu Zhang, Xin Zheng, Mengyu Li, Dan Su, Minshan Chen
Lenvatinib is widely used in treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC), but the benefit of its combination with immunotherapy needs to be verified. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of tislelizumab plus lenvatinib in systemic treatment-naïve patients with uHCC. In this multicenter, single-arm, phase 2 study, systemic treatment-naïve patients with uHCC received tislelizumab
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Impact of perioperative low-molecular-weight heparin therapy on clinical events of elderly patients with prior coronary stents implanted > 12 months undergoing non-cardiac surgery: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-23 Bin Wang, Yanhui Su, Cong Ma, Lining Xu, Qunxia Mao, Wenjia Cheng, Qingming Lu, Ying Zhang, Rong Wang, Yan Lu, Jing He, Shihao Chen, Lei Chen, Tianzhi Li, Linggen Gao
Little is known about the safety and efficacy of discontinuing antiplatelet therapy via LMWH bridging therapy in elderly patients with coronary stents implanted for > 12 months undergoing non-cardiac surgery. This randomized trial was designed to compare the clinical benefits and risks of antiplatelet drug discontinuation via LMWH bridging therapy. Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive subcutaneous
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A Pfs48/45-based vaccine to block Plasmodium falciparum transmission: phase 1, open-label, clinical trial BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-23 M. Alkema, M. J. Smit, C. Marin-Mogollon, K. Totté, K. Teelen, G. J. van Gemert, M. van de Vegte-Bolmer, B. G. Mordmüller, J. M. Reimer, K. L. Lövgren-Bengtsson, R. W. Sauerwein, T. Bousema, J. Plieskatt, M. Theisen, M. M. Jore, M. B. B. McCall
The stalling global progress in malaria control highlights the need for novel tools for malaria elimination, including transmission-blocking vaccines. Transmission-blocking vaccines aim to induce human antibodies that block parasite development in the mosquito and mosquitoes becoming infectious. The Pfs48/45 protein is a leading Plasmodium falciparum transmission-blocking vaccine candidate. The R0
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Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on depression incidence and healthcare service use among patients with depression: an interrupted time-series analysis from a 9-year population-based study BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-22 Vivien Kin Yi Chan, Yi Chai, Sandra Sau Man Chan, Hao Luo, Mark Jit, Martin Knapp, David Makram Bishai, Michael Yuxuan Ni, Ian Chi Kei Wong, Xue Li
Most studies on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on depression burden focused on the earlier pandemic phase specific to lockdowns, but the longer-term impact of the pandemic is less well-studied. In this population-based cohort study, we examined the short-term and long-term impacts of COVID-19 on depression incidence and healthcare service use among patients with depression. Using the territory-wide
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Undiagnosed type 2 diabetes is common – intensified screening of established risk groups is imperative in Sweden: the SDPP cohort BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-19 Hrafnhildur Gudjonsdottir, Per Tynelius, Nouha Saleh Stattin, Diego Yacamán Méndez, Anton Lager, Boel Brynedal
Undiagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a global problem. Current strategies for diagnosis in Sweden include screening individuals within primary healthcare who are of high risk, such as those with hypertension, obesity, prediabetes, family history of diabetes, or those who smoke daily. In this study, we aimed to estimate the proportion of individuals with undiagnosed T2D in Stockholm County and factors
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Variability in the prevalence of depression among adults with chronic pain: UK Biobank analysis through clinical prediction models BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-19 Lingxiao Chen, Claire E Ashton-James, Baoyi Shi, Maja R Radojčić, David B Anderson, Yujie Chen, David B Preen, John L Hopper, Shuai Li, Minh Bui, Paula R Beckenkamp, Nigel K Arden, Paulo H Ferreira, Hengxing Zhou, Shiqing Feng, Manuela L Ferreira
The prevalence of depression among people with chronic pain remains unclear due to the heterogeneity of study samples and definitions of depression. We aimed to identify sources of variation in the prevalence of depression among people with chronic pain and generate clinical prediction models to estimate the probability of depression among individuals with chronic pain. Participants were from the UK
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Prevalence and differences in the co-administration of drugs known to interact: an analysis of three distinct and large populations BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-19 Jon Sánchez-Valle, Rion Brattig Correia, Marta Camacho-Artacho, Rosalba Lepore, Mauro M. Mattos, Luis M. Rocha, Alfonso Valencia
The co-administration of drugs known to interact greatly impacts morbidity, mortality, and health economics. This study aims to examine the drug–drug interaction (DDI) phenomenon with a large-scale longitudinal analysis of age and gender differences found in drug administration data from three distinct healthcare systems. This study analyzes drug administrations from population-wide electronic health
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Anti-PD-1 antibody in combination with radiotherapy as first-line therapy for unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-19 Meiyan Zhu, Meng Jin, Xiao Zhao, Shunli Shen, Yihan Chen, Han Xiao, Guangyan Wei, Qiang He, Bin Li, Zhenwei Peng
Unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) has a poor prognosis despite treatment with standard combination chemotherapy. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of radiotherapy in combination with an anti-PD-1 antibody in unresectable iCCA without distant metastases. In this phase II study, patients with histopathologically confirmed unresectable primary or postoperative recurrent iCCA
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Characterising smoking and nicotine use behaviours among women of reproductive age: a 10-year population study in England BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-18 Sarah E. Jackson, Jamie Brown, Caitlin Notley, Lion Shahab, Sharon Cox
Tobacco smoking affects women’s fertility and is associated with substantial risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes. This study explored trends by socioeconomic position in patterns of smoking, use of non-combustible nicotine products, and quitting activity among women of reproductive age in England. Data come from a nationally representative monthly cross-sectional survey. Between October 2013 and October
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Lipid metabolic reprogramming mediated by circulating Nrg4 alleviates metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease during the early recovery phase after sleeve gastrectomy BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Chengcan Yang, Dongzi Zhu, Chaofan Liu, Wenyue Wang, Yining He, Bing Wang, Meiyi Li
The metabolic benefits of bariatric surgery that contribute to the alleviation of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) have been reported. However, the processes and mechanisms underlying the contribution of lipid metabolic reprogramming after bariatric surgery to attenuating MASLD remain elusive. A case–control study was designed to evaluate the impact of three of the most
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Quantifying the impact of hospital catchment area definitions on hospital admissions forecasts: COVID-19 in England, September 2020–April 2021 BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Sophie Meakin, Sebastian Funk
Defining healthcare facility catchment areas is a key step in predicting future healthcare demand in epidemic settings. Forecasts of hospitalisations can be informed by leading indicators measured at the community level. However, this relies on the definition of so-called catchment areas or the geographies whose populations make up the patients admitted to a given hospital, which are often not well-defined
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COVID-19 inequalities in England: a mathematical modelling study of transmission risk and clinical vulnerability by socioeconomic status BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-15 Lucy Goodfellow, Edwin van Leeuwen, Rosalind M. Eggo
The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in major inequalities in infection and disease burden between areas of varying socioeconomic deprivation in many countries, including England. Areas of higher deprivation tend to have a different population structure—generally younger—which can increase viral transmission due to higher contact rates in school-going children and working-age adults. Higher deprivation is
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Shared genetic architecture between autoimmune disorders and B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: insights from large-scale genome-wide cross-trait analysis BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-15 Xinghao Yu, Yiyin Chen, Jia Chen, Yi Fan, Huimin Lu, Depei Wu, Yang Xu
To study the shared genetic structure between autoimmune diseases and B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and identify the shared risk loci and genes and genetic mechanisms involved. Based on large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary-level data sets, we observed genetic overlaps between autoimmune diseases and B-ALL, and cross-trait pleiotropic analysis was performed to detect
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Association and biological pathways between lung function and incident depression: a prospective cohort study of 280,032 participants BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-15 Wei Hu, Bao-Peng Liu, Cun-Xian Jia
Lung health is increasingly recognized as an essential factor in mental health. However, prospective evidence on lung function with incident depression remains to be determined. The study aimed to examine the prospective association between impaired lung function and incident depression and the underlying biological mechanisms. This prospective cohort study comprised 280,032 non-depressed individuals
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What is quality in long covid care? Lessons from a national quality improvement collaborative and multi-site ethnography BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-15 Trisha Greenhalgh, Julie L. Darbyshire, Cassie Lee, Emma Ladds, Jenny Ceolta-Smith
Long covid (post covid-19 condition) is a complex condition with diverse manifestations, uncertain prognosis and wide variation in current approaches to management. There have been calls for formal quality standards to reduce a so-called “postcode lottery” of care. The original aim of this study—to examine the nature of quality in long covid care and reduce unwarranted variation in services—evolved
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Olfactory bulb anomalies in KBG syndrome mouse model and patients BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-15 Kara Goodkey, Anita Wischmeijer, Laurence Perrin, Adrianne E. S. Watson, Leenah Qureshi, Duccio Maria Cordelli, Francesco Toni, Maria Gnazzo, Francesco Benedicenti, Monique Elmaleh-Bergès, Karen J. Low, Anastassia Voronova
ANKRD11 (ankyrin repeat domain 11) is a chromatin regulator and the only gene associated with KBG syndrome, a rare neurodevelopmental disorder. We have previously shown that Ankrd11 regulates murine embryonic cortical neurogenesis. Here, we show a novel olfactory bulb phenotype in a KBG syndrome mouse model and two diagnosed patients. Conditional knockout of Ankrd11 in murine embryonic neural stem
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Identification and support of autistic individuals within the UK Criminal Justice System: a practical approach based upon professional consensus with input from lived experience BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-12 Emma Woodhouse, Jack Hollingdale, Lisa Davies, Zainab Al-Attar, Susan Young, Luke P. Vinter, Kwaku Agyemang, Carla Bartlett, Colleen Berryessa, Eddie Chaplin, Quinton Deeley, Ian Freckelton, Felicity Gerry, Gisli Gudjonsson, Katie Maras, Michelle Mattison, Jane McCarthy, Richard Mills, Peter Misch, David Murphy, Clare Allely
Autism spectrum disorder (hereafter referred to as autism) is characterised by difficulties with (i) social communication, social interaction, and (ii) restricted and repetitive interests and behaviours. Estimates of autism prevalence within the criminal justice system (CJS) vary considerably, but there is evidence to suggest that the condition can be missed or misidentified within this population
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The effects of telehealth-delivered mindfulness meditation, cognitive therapy, and behavioral activation for chronic low back pain: a randomized clinical trial BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-12 Melissa A. Day, Marcia A. Ciol, M. Elena Mendoza, Jeffrey Borckardt, Dawn M. Ehde, Andrea K. Newman, Joy F. Chan, Sydney A. Drever, Janna L. Friedly, John Burns, Beverly E. Thorn, Mark P. Jensen
Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a significant problem affecting millions of people worldwide. Three widely implemented psychological techniques used for CLBP management are cognitive therapy (CT), mindfulness meditation (MM), and behavioral activation (BA). This study aimed to evaluate the relative immediate (pre- to post-treatment) and longer term (pre-treatment to 3- and 6-month follow-ups) effects
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Assessing causal links between age at menarche and adolescent mental health: a Mendelian randomisation study BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-12 Adrian Dahl Askelund, Robyn E. Wootton, Fartein A. Torvik, Rebecca B. Lawn, Helga Ask, Elizabeth C. Corfield, Maria C. Magnus, Ted Reichborn-Kjennerud, Per M. Magnus, Ole A. Andreassen, Camilla Stoltenberg, George Davey Smith, Neil M. Davies, Alexandra Havdahl, Laurie J. Hannigan
The timing of puberty may have an important impact on adolescent mental health. In particular, earlier age at menarche has been associated with elevated rates of depression in adolescents. Previous research suggests that this relationship may be causal, but replication and an investigation of whether this effect extends to other mental health domains is warranted. In this Registered Report, we triangulated
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PREX2 contributes to radiation resistance by inhibiting radiotherapy-induced tumor immunogenicity via cGAS/STING/IFNs pathway in colorectal cancer BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-12 Mingzhou Li, Jianbiao Xiao, Shasha Song, Fangyi Han, Hongling Liu, Yang Lin, Yunfei Ni, Sisi Zeng, Xin Zou, Jieqiong Wu, Feifei Wang, Shaowan Xu, You Liang, Peishuang Xu, Huirong Hong, Junfeng Qiu, Jianing Cao, Qin Zhu, Li Liang
Colorectal cancer (CRC) lacks established biomarkers or molecular targets for predicting or enhancing radiation response. Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate-dependent Rac exchange factor 2 (PREX2) exhibits intricate implications in tumorigenesis and progression. Nevertheless, the precise role and underlying mechanisms of PREX2 in CRC radioresistance remain unclear. RNA-seq was employed to identify
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Cervical lymph node metastasis prediction from papillary thyroid carcinoma US videos: a prospective multicenter study BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-12 Ming-Bo Zhang, Zhe-Ling Meng, Yi Mao, Xue Jiang, Ning Xu, Qing-Hua Xu, Jie Tian, Yu-Kun Luo, Kun Wang
Prediction of lymph node metastasis (LNM) is critical for individualized management of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients to avoid unnecessary overtreatment as well as undesired under-treatment. Artificial intelligence (AI) trained by thyroid ultrasound (US) may improve prediction performance. From September 2017 to December 2018, patients with suspicious PTC from the first medical center of
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Characterizing the polygenic overlap and shared loci between rheumatoid arthritis and cardiovascular diseases BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Xiaohui Sun, Yu Qian, Weiqiu Cheng, Ding Ye, Bin Liu, Dan Zhou, Chengping Wen, Ole A. Andreassen, Yingying Mao
Despite substantial research revealing that patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have excessive morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular disease (CVD), the mechanism underlying this association has not been fully known. This study aims to systematically investigate the phenotypic and genetic correlation between RA and CVD. Based on UK Biobank, we conducted two cohort studies to evaluate the phenotypic
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Patterns of comorbidities in patients with atrial fibrillation and impact on management and long-term prognosis: an analysis from the Prospective Global GLORIA-AF Registry BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Giulio Francesco Romiti, Bernadette Corica, Davide Antonio Mei, Arnaud Bisson, Giuseppe Boriani, Brian Olshansky, Tze-Fan Chao, Menno V. Huisman, Marco Proietti, Gregory Y. H. Lip
Clinical complexity, as the interaction between ageing, frailty, multimorbidity and polypharmacy, is an increasing concern in patients with AF. There remains uncertainty regarding how combinations of comorbidities influence management and prognosis of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). We aimed to identify phenotypes of AF patients according to comorbidities and to assess associations between
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Canadians’ use of cannabis for therapeutic purposes since legalization of recreational cannabis: a cross-sectional analysis by medical authorization status BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Lynda G. Balneaves, Ashleigh Brown, Matthew Green, Erin Prosk, Lucile Rapin, Max Monahan-Ellison, Eva McMillan, Jonathan Zaid, Michael Dworkind, Cody Z. Watling
There has been a precipitous decline in authorizations for medical cannabis since non-medical cannabis was legalized in Canada in 2018. This study examines the demographic and health- and medical cannabis-related factors associated with authorization as well as the differences in medical cannabis use, side effects, and sources of medical cannabis and information by authorization status. Individuals
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Interventions on gender equity in the workplace: a scoping review BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-05 Andrea C. Tricco, Amanda Parker, Paul A. Khan, Vera Nincic, Reid Robson, Heather MacDonald, Rachel Warren, Olga Cleary, Elaine Zibrowski, Nancy Baxter, Karen E. A. Burns, Doug Coyle, Ruth Ndjaboue, Jocalyn P. Clark, Etienne V. Langlois, Sofia B. Ahmed, Holly O. Witteman, Ian D. Graham, Wafa El-Adhami, Becky Skidmore, France Légaré, Janet Curran, Gillian Hawker, Jennifer Watt, Ivy Lynn Bourgeault, Jeanna
Various studies have demonstrated gender disparities in workplace settings and the need for further intervention. This study identifies and examines evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on interventions examining gender equity in workplace or volunteer settings. An additional aim was to determine whether interventions considered intersection of gender and other variables, including PROGRESS-Plus
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Real-world performance of indobufen versus aspirin after percutaneous coronary intervention: insights from the ASPIRATION registry BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Chunfeng Dai, Muyin Liu, Zheng Yang, Youran Li, You Zhou, Danbo Lu, Yan Xia, Ao Chen, Chenguang Li, Hao Lu, Yuxiang Dai, Jianying Ma, Zhangwei Chen, Juying Qian, Junbo Ge
Indobufen is widely used in patients with aspirin intolerance in East Asia. The OPTION trial launched by our cardiac center examined the performance of indobufen based dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, the vast majority of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and aspirin intolerance were excluded. We aimed to explore this question in a
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Blood leukocytes as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for thyroid nodules: a prospective cohort study BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Feihang Wang, Danyang Zhao, Wang-yang Xu, Yiying Liu, Huiyi Sun, Shanshan Lu, Yuan Ji, Jingjing Jiang, Yi Chen, Qiye He, Chengxiang Gong, Rui Liu, Zhixi Su, Yi Dong, Zhiping Yan, Lingxiao Liu
Thyroid nodule (TN) patients in China are subject to overdiagnosis and overtreatment. The implementation of existing technologies such as thyroid ultrasonography has indeed contributed to the improved diagnostic accuracy of TNs. However, a significant issue persists, where many patients undergo unnecessary biopsies, and patients with malignant thyroid nodules (MTNs) are advised to undergo surgery therapy
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Childhood urbanicity is associated with emotional episodic memory-related striatal function and common variation in NTRK2 BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Xiao Zhang, Yuyanan Zhang, Hao Yan, Hao Yu, Dai Zhang, Venkata S. Mattay, Hao Yang Tan, Weihua Yue
Childhoods in urban or rural environments may differentially affect the risk of neuropsychiatric disorders, possibly through memory processing and neural response to emotional stimuli. Genetic factors may not only influence individuals’ choices of residence but also modulate how the living environment affects responses to episodic memory. We investigated the effects of childhood urbanicity on episodic
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Inpatient-level care at home delivered by virtual wards and hospital at home: a systematic review and meta-analysis of complex interventions and their components BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Chunhu Shi, Jo Dumville, Fernando Rubinstein, Gill Norman, Akbar Ullah, Saima Bashir, Peter Bower, Emma R. L. C. Vardy
Technology-enabled inpatient-level care at home services, such as virtual wards and hospital at home, are being rapidly implemented. This is the first systematic review to link the components of these service delivery innovations to evidence of effectiveness to explore implications for practice and research. For this review (registered here https://osf.io/je39y ), we searched Cochrane-recommended multiple
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A practical evidence-based approach to management of type 2 diabetes in children and young people (CYP): UK consensus BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Billy White, S. M. Ng, J. C. Agwu, T. G. Barrett, N. Birchmore, M. Kershaw, J. Drew, F. Kavvoura, J. Law, C. Moudiotis, E. Procter, P. Paul, F. Regan, P. Reilly, P. Sachdev, R. Sakremath, C. Semple, K. Sharples, M. Skae, A. Timmis, E. Williams, N. Wright, A. Soni
Type 2 diabetes in young people is an aggressive disease with a greater risk of complications leading to increased morbidity and mortality during the most productive years of life. Prevalence in the UK and globally is rising yet experience in managing this condition is limited. There are no consensus guidelines in the UK for the assessment and management of paediatric type 2 diabetes. Multidisciplinary
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Comparing the clinical practice and prescribing safety of locum and permanent doctors: observational study of primary care consultations in England BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Christos Grigoroglou, Kieran Walshe, Evangelos Kontopantelis, Jane Ferguson, Gemma Stringer, Darren M. Ashcroft, Thomas Allen
Temporary doctors, known as locums, are a key component of the medical workforce in the NHS but evidence on differences in quality and safety between locum and permanent doctors is limited. We aimed to examine differences in the clinical practice, and prescribing safety for locum and permanent doctors working in primary care in England. We accessed electronic health care records (EHRs) for 3.5 million
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SARS-CoV-2, influenza A/B and respiratory syncytial virus positivity and association with influenza-like illness and self-reported symptoms, over the 2022/23 winter season in the UK: a longitudinal surveillance cohort BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Elisabeth Dietz, Emma Pritchard, Koen Pouwels, Muhammad Ehsaan, Joshua Blake, Charlotte Gaughan, Eric Haduli, Hugh Boothe, Karina-Doris Vihta, Tim Peto, Nicole Stoesser, Philippa Matthews, Nick Taylor, Ian Diamond, Ruth Studley, Emma Rourke, Paul Birrell, Daniela De Angelis, Tom Fowler, Conall Watson, David Eyre, Thomas House, Ann Sarah Walker
Syndromic surveillance often relies on patients presenting to healthcare. Community cohorts, although more challenging to recruit, could provide additional population-wide insights, particularly with SARS-CoV-2 co-circulating with other respiratory viruses. We estimated the positivity and incidence of SARS-CoV-2, influenza A/B, and RSV, and trends in self-reported symptoms including influenza-like
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A phase II study of belumosudil for chronic graft-versus-host disease in patients who failed at least one line of systemic therapy in China BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Ying Wang, Depei Wu, Xiang Zhang, Yuhua Li, Yanjie He, Qifa Liu, Li Xuan, Zhenyu Li, Kunming Qi, Yuqian Sun, Shunqing Wang, Wenjian Mo, Lei Gao, Ye Hua, Yu Wang, Ying Zhang
Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is an immune-related disorder that is the most common complication post-allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Corticosteroids with or without calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) remain the mainstay of cGVHD treatment for first-line therapy. However, for many patients, cGVHD symptoms cannot be effectively managed and thus require second-line therapy. Currently
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Association between genetic risk and adherence to healthy lifestyle for developing age-related hearing loss BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Sang-Hyuk Jung, Young Chan Lee, Manu Shivakumar, Jaeyoung Kim, Jae-Seung Yun, Woong-Yang Park, Hong-Hee Won, Dokyoon Kim
Previous studies have shown that lifestyle/environmental factors could accelerate the development of age-related hearing loss (ARHL). However, there has not yet been a study investigating the joint association among genetics, lifestyle/environmental factors, and adherence to healthy lifestyle for risk of ARHL. We aimed to assess the association between ARHL genetic variants, lifestyle/environmental
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Associations between maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and infant striatal mean diffusivity BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Aylin Rosberg, Harri Merisaari, John D. Lewis, Niloofar Hashempour, Minna Lukkarinen, Jerod M. Rasmussen, Noora M. Scheinin, Linnea Karlsson, Hasse Karlsson, Jetro J. Tuulari
It is well-established that parental obesity is a strong risk factor for offspring obesity. Further, a converging body of evidence now suggests that maternal weight profiles may affect the developing offspring’s brain in a manner that confers future obesity risk. Here, we investigated how pre-pregnancy maternal weight status influences the reward-related striatal areas of the offspring’s brain during
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Evaluation of a hospital-initiated tobacco dependence treatment service: uptake, smoking cessation, readmission and mortality BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 John Robins, Irem Patel, Ann McNeill, John Moxham, Arran Woodhouse, Gareth Absalom, Buljana Shehu, Geraldine Bruce, Amy Dewar, Alanna Molloy, Stephanie Duckworth Porras, Michael Waring, Andrew Stock, Debbie Robson
The National Health Service in England aims to implement tobacco dependency treatment services in all hospitals by 2024. We aimed to assess the uptake of a new service, adapted from the Ottawa Model of Smoking Cessation, and its impact on 6-month quit rates and readmission or death at 1-year follow-up. We conducted a pragmatic service evaluation of a tobacco dependency service implemented among 2067
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Delivering synaptic protein mRNAs via extracellular vesicles ameliorates cognitive impairment in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Huimin Cai, Yana Pang, Ziye Ren, Xiaofeng Fu, Longfei Jia
Synaptic dysfunction with reduced synaptic protein levels is a core feature of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Synaptic proteins play a central role in memory processing, learning, and AD pathogenesis. Evidence suggests that synaptic proteins in plasma neuronal-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are reduced in patients with AD. However, it remains unclear whether levels of synaptic proteins in EVs are
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Association between inflammatory bowel disease and cancer risk: evidence triangulation from genetic correlation, Mendelian randomization, and colocalization analyses across East Asian and European populations BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Di Liu, Meiling Cao, Haotian Wang, Weijie Cao, Chenguang Zheng, Yun Li, Youxin Wang
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), has been associated with several cancer risks in observational studies, but the observed associations have been inconsistent and may face the bias of confounding and reverse causality. The potential causal relationships between IBD and the risk of cancers remain largely unclear. We performed genome-wide
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Medication non-adherence and self-inflicted violence behaviors among 185,800 patients with schizophrenia in the community: a 12-year cohort study BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Chuanlong Zuo, Xianmei Yang, Xiangrui Wu, Ruoxin Fan, Jun Liu, Hu Xiang, Yang Li, Xing Zhao, Xiang Liu, Yuanyuan Liu
Despite the importance of medication adherence in treatment effectiveness, little is known about the association between medication non-adherence and self-inflicted violence behaviors. We aimed to assess whether medication non-adherence increased the risk of self-inflicted violence behaviors among schizophrenics in communities (hypothesis 1) and whether the dose–response relationship existed (hypothesis
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Childhood maltreatment and health in the UK Biobank: triangulation of outcome-wide and polygenic risk score analyses BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Ana Lucia Espinosa Dice, Rebecca B. Lawn, Andrew Ratanatharathorn, Andrea L. Roberts, Christy A. Denckla, Ariel H. Kim, Pedro A. de la Rosa, Yiwen Zhu, Tyler J. VanderWeele, Karestan C. Koenen
Childhood maltreatment is common globally and impacts morbidity, mortality, and well-being. Our understanding of its impact is constrained by key substantive and methodological limitations of extant research, including understudied physical health outcomes and bias due to unmeasured confounding. We address these limitations through a large-scale outcome-wide triangulation study. We performed two outcome-wide
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Sleep alterations as a function of 88 health indicators BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Péter Przemyslaw Ujma, Róbert Bódizs
Alterations in sleep have been described in multiple health conditions and as a function of several medication effects. However, evidence generally stems from small univariate studies. Here, we apply a large-sample, data-driven approach to investigate patterns between in sleep macrostructure, quantitative sleep EEG, and health. We use data from the MrOS Sleep Study, containing polysomnography and health
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Sarcopenic obesity is part of obesity paradox in dementia development: evidence from a population-based cohort study BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Junhan Zhang, Xiaona Na, Zhihui Li, John S. Ji, Guowei Li, Haibing Yang, Yucheng Yang, Yuefeng Tan, Jian Zhang, Menglu Xi, Donghan Su, Huatang Zeng, Liqun Wu, Ai Zhao
Sarcopenic obesity, a clinical and functional condition characterized by the coexistence of obesity and sarcopenia, has not been investigated in relation to dementia risk and its onset. We included 208,867 participants from UK biobank, who aged 60 to 69 years at baseline. Dementia diagnoses were identified using hospital records and death register data. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals
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Sex-specific associations between sodium and potassium intake and overall and cause-specific mortality: a large prospective U.S. cohort study, systematic review, and updated meta-analysis of cohort studies BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Lu Gan, Bin Zhao, Maki Inoue-Choi, Linda M. Liao, Barry I. Graubard, Stephanie J. Weinstein, Demetrius Albanes, Jiaqi Huang
The impact of sodium intake on cardiovascular disease (CVD) health and mortality has been studied for decades, including the well-established association with blood pressure. However, non-linear patterns, dose–response associations, and sex differences in the relationship between sodium and potassium intakes and overall and cause-specific mortality remain to be elucidated and a comprehensive examination
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Progress with the Learning Health System 2.0: a rapid review of Learning Health Systems’ responses to pandemics and climate change BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Carolynn L. Smith, Georgia Fisher, Putu Novi Arfirsta Dharmayani, Shalini Wijekulasuriya, Louise A. Ellis, Samantha Spanos, Genevieve Dammery, Yvonne Zurynski, Jeffrey Braithwaite
Pandemics and climate change each challenge health systems through increasing numbers and new types of patients. To adapt to these challenges, leading health systems have embraced a Learning Health System (LHS) approach, aiming to increase the efficiency with which data is translated into actionable knowledge. This rapid review sought to determine how these health systems have used LHS frameworks to
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Regional disparities and risk factors of mortality among patients at high risk of sudden cardiac death in emerging countries: a nonrandomized controlled trial BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Shuang Zhao, Chi-Keong Ching, Dejia Huang, Yen-Bin Liu, Diego A. Rodriguez-Guerrero, Azlan Hussin, Young-Hoon Kim, Brian Van Dorn, Xiaohong Zhou, Balbir Singh, Shu Zhang
Comprehensive data on patients at high risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in emerging countries are lacking. The aim was to deepen our understanding of the SCD phenotype and identify risk factors for death among patients at high risk of SCD in emerging countries. Patients who met the class I indication for implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implantation according to guideline recommendations
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Association of in utero HIV exposure with child brain structure and language development: a South African birth cohort study BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Catherine J. Wedderburn, Shunmay Yeung, Sivenesi Subramoney, Jean-Paul Fouche, Shantanu H. Joshi, Katherine L. Narr, Andrea M. Rehman, Annerine Roos, Diana M. Gibb, Heather J. Zar, Dan J. Stein, Kirsten A. Donald
There is a growing population of children with in utero HIV exposure who are at risk of poor neurodevelopmental outcomes despite avoiding HIV infection. However, the underlying neurobiological pathways are not understood and neuroimaging studies are lacking. We aimed to investigate the cortical brain structure of children who are HIV-exposed and uninfected (HEU) compared to HIV-unexposed (HU) children
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Correction: Transient increased risk of influenza infection following RSV infection in South Africa: findings from the PHIRST study, South Africa, 2016–2018 BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 Naomi R. Waterlow, Jackie Kleynhans, Nicole Wolter, Stefano Tempia, Rosalind M. Eggo, Orienka Hellferscee, Limakatso Lebina, Neil Martinson, Ryan G. Wagner, Jocelyn Moyes, Anne von Gottberg, Cheryl Cohen, Stefan Flasche
Correction: BMC Med 21, 441 (2023) https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-023-03100-5 The production team handling this article initially mistakenly omitted corresponding authorship from co-corresponding author, Naomi Waterlow which has since been restored. Authors and Affiliations Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Disease, School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK Naomi R. Waterlow
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Incidence of new-onset hypertension before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic: a 7-year longitudinal cohort study in a large population BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Valentina Trimarco, Raffaele Izzo, Daniela Pacella, Ugo Trama, Maria Virginia Manzi, Angela Lombardi, Roberto Piccinocchi, Paola Gallo, Giovanni Esposito, Gaetano Piccinocchi, Maria Lembo, Carmine Morisco, Francesco Rozza, Gaetano Santulli, Bruno Trimarco
While the augmented incidence of diabetes after COVID-19 has been widely confirmed, controversial results are available on the risk of developing hypertension during the COVID-19 pandemic. We designed a longitudinal cohort study to analyze a closed cohort followed up over a 7-year period, i.e., 3 years before and 3 years during the COVID-19 pandemic, and during 2023, when the pandemic was declared
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Incorporating social vulnerability in infectious disease mathematical modelling: a scoping review BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Megan Naidoo, Whitney Shephard, Innocensia Kambewe, Nokuthula Mtshali, Sky Cope, Felipe Alves Rubio, Davide Rasella
Highlighted by the rise of COVID-19, climate change, and conflict, socially vulnerable populations are least resilient to disaster. In infectious disease management, mathematical models are a commonly used tool. Researchers should include social vulnerability in models to strengthen their utility in reflecting real-world dynamics. We conducted a scoping review to evaluate how researchers have incorporated
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SARS-CoV-2 infection is detrimental to pregnancy outcomes after embryo transfer in IVF/ICSI: a prospective cohort study BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Yuan Li, Qi Zhao, Shujuan Ma, Sha Tang, Guangxiu Lu, Ge Lin, Fei Gong
To explore whether SARS-CoV-2 infection affects the pregnancy outcomes of assisted reproductive techniques (ART). A prospective cohort study recruited patients for embryo transfer from December 01, 2022, to December 31, 2022. All patients were closely followed up for SARS-CoV-2 infection after embryo transfer. The SARS-CoV-2 “diagnosed group” was defined as RNA or antigen-positive. The SARS-CoV-2 “suspected
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Risk of encephalitis and meningitis after COVID-19 vaccination in South Korea: a self-controlled case series analysis BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Ju Hwan Kim, Dongwon Yoon, Hwa Yeon Ko, Kyungyeon Jung, Jun-Sang Sunwoo, Won Chul Shin, Jung-Ick Byun, Ju-Young Shin
Several neurological manifestations shortly after a receipt of coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine have been described in the recent case reports. Among those, we sought to evaluate the risk of encephalitis and meningitis after COVID-19 vaccination in the entire South Korean population. We conducted self-controlled case series (SCCS) analysis using the COVID-19 immunization record
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Autotaxin inhibition attenuates the aortic valve calcification by suppressing inflammation-driven fibro-calcific remodeling of valvular interstitial cells BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Dohee Yoon, Bongkun Choi, Ji-Eun Kim, Eun-Young Kim, Soo-Hyun Chung, Hyo-Jin Min, Yoolim Sung, Eun-Ju Chang, Jae-Kwan Song
Patients with fibro-calcific aortic valve disease (FCAVD) have lipid depositions in their aortic valve that engender a proinflammatory impetus toward fibrosis and calcification and ultimately valve leaflet stenosis. Although the lipoprotein(a)-autotaxin (ATX)-lysophosphatidic acid axis has been suggested as a potential therapeutic target to prevent the development of FCAVD, supportive evidence using
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Improved emotion differentiation under reduced acoustic variability of speech in autism BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Mathilde Marie Duville, Luz María Alonso-Valerdi, David I. Ibarra-Zarate
Socio-emotional impairments are among the diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but the actual knowledge has substantiated both altered and intact emotional prosodies recognition. Here, a Bayesian framework of perception is considered suggesting that the oversampling of sensory evidence would impair perception within highly variable environments. However, reliable hierarchical structures
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Polygenic risk score-based phenome-wide association study of head and neck cancer across two large biobanks BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Young Chan Lee, Sang-Hyuk Jung, Manu Shivakumar, Soojin Cha, Woong-Yang Park, Hong-Hee Won, Young-Gyu Eun, Penn Medicine Biobank, Dokyoon Kim
Numerous observational studies have highlighted associations of genetic predisposition of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) with diverse risk factors, but these findings are constrained by design limitations of observational studies. In this study, we utilized a phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) approach, incorporating a polygenic risk score (PRS) derived from a wide array of genomic
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Safety and efficacy of sirolimus in recurrent intravenous leiomyomatosis, pulmonary benign metastatic leiomyomatosis, and leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata: a pilot study BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Guorui Zhang, Rong Fan, Hua Yang, Hao Su, Xin Yu, Yutong Wang, Fengzhi Feng, Lan Zhu
Intravenous leiomyomatosis (IVL), pulmonary benign metastatic leiomyomatosis (PBML), and leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata (LPD) are leiomyomas with special growth patterns and high postoperative recurrence rates. We report the safety and efficacy of a pilot study of sirolimus in the treatment of recurrent IVL, PBML, and recurrent LPD. This was a pilot study to evaluate the safety and efficacy
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The medication-based Rx-Risk Comorbidity Index and risk of hip fracture - a nationwide NOREPOS cohort study BMC Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Siri Marie Solbakken, Haakon Eduard Meyer, Cecilie Dahl, Trine Elisabeth Finnes, Vidar Hjellvik, Christopher Sivert Nielsen, Tone Kristin Omsland, Hein Stigum, Kristin Holvik
Few previous studies have assessed overall morbidity at the individual level with respect to future risk of hip fracture. The aim of this register-based cohort study was to examine the association between morbidity measured by the medication-based Rx-Risk Comorbidity Index (Rx-Risk) and the risk of first hip fracture. Individual-level data on medications dispensed from pharmacies (2005–2016) was retrieved