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Correction: Wnt signalling modulates transcribed-ultraconserved regions in hepatobiliary cancers Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-04-23 BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Society of Gastroenterology
Carotenuto P, Fassan M, Pandolfo R, et al . Wnt signalling modulates transcribed-ultraconserved regions in hepatobiliary cancers. Gut 2017;66:1268-1277. The legend of Figure …
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Impact of age, comorbidities and relevant changes on surveillance strategy of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms: a competing risk analysis Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-04-23 Stefano Crippa, Giovanni Marchegiani, Giulio Belfiori, Paola Vittoria Maria Rancoita, Tommaso Pollini, Anna Burelli, Laura Apadula, Maria Giovanna Scarale, Davide Socci, Marco Biancotto, Giuseppe Vanella, Paolo Giorgio Arcidiacono, Gabriele Capurso, Roberto Salvia, Massimo Falconi
Objective Cost-effectiveness of surveillance for branch-duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (BD-IPMNs) is debated. We combined different categories of risks of IPMN progression and of IPMN-unrelated mortality to improve surveillance strategies. Design Retrospective analysis of 926 presumed BD-IPMNs lacking worrisome features (WFs)/high-risk stigmata (HRS) under surveillance. Charlson Comorbidity
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Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α mediates reflux-induced epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity in Barrett’s oesophagus patients Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-04-19 Qiuyang Zhang, Kerry B Dunbar, Robert D Odze, Agoston T Agoston, Xuan Wang, Tianhong Su, Anh D Nguyen, Xi Zhang, Stuart Jon Spechler, Rhonda F Souza
Introduction Epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity (EMP), the process through which epithelial cells acquire mesenchymal features, is needed for wound repair but also might contribute to cancer initiation. Earlier, in vitro studies showed that Barrett’s cells exposed to acidic bile salt solutions (ABS) develop EMP. Now, we have (1) induced reflux oesophagitis in Barrett’s oesophagus (BO) patients by stopping
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Mast cells and histamine in cholangiocarcinoma: exploring overlooked avenues for enhanced patient management Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-04-18 Luca Fabris, Jonathan Pol
In the realm of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a malignancy often presenting with biliary stenosis, the clinical need to re-establish duct patency offers a unique opportunity to profile bile content, facilitating the identification of potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Various studies have explored the significance of biochemically distinct molecules in the bile of patients with CCA by comparing
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British Society of Gastroenterology guidelines for the management of hepatocellular carcinoma in adults Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Abid Suddle, Helen Reeves, Richard Hubner, Aileen Marshall, Ian Rowe, Dina Tiniakos, Stefan Hubscher, Mark Callaway, Dinesh Sharma, Teik Choon See, Maria Hawkins, Suzanne Ford-Dunn, Sarah Selemani, Tim Meyer
Deaths from the majority of cancers are falling globally, but the incidence and mortality from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is increasing in the United Kingdom and in other Western countries. HCC is a highly fatal cancer, often diagnosed late, with an incidence to mortality ratio that approaches 1. Despite there being a number of treatment options, including those associated with good medium to long-term
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Recurrent RhoGAP gene fusion CLDN18-ARHGAP26 promotes RHOA activation and focal adhesion kinase and YAP-TEAD signalling in diffuse gastric cancer Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-04-15 Feifei Zhang, Varun Sahu, Ke Peng, Yichen Wang, Tianxia Li, Pratyusha Bala, Daulet Aitymbayev, Pranshu Sahgal, Antje Schaefer, Channing J Der, Sandra Ryeom, Sam Yoon, Nilay Sethi, Adam J Bass, Haisheng Zhang
Objective Genomic studies of gastric cancer have identified highly recurrent genomic alterations impacting RHO signalling, especially in the diffuse gastric cancer (DGC) histological subtype. Among these alterations are interchromosomal translations leading to the fusion of the adhesion protein CLDN18 and RHO regulator ARHGAP26. It remains unclear how these fusion constructs impact the activity of
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Porcine-derived pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy may be linked to chronic hepatitis E virus infection in cystic fibrosis lung transplant recipients Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-04-15 Christina S Thornton, Barbara J Waddell, Stephen E Congly, Julianna Svishchuk, Ranjani Somayaji, Linda Fatovich, Debra Isaac, Karen Doucette, Kevin Fonseca, Steven J Drews, Jamie Borlang, Carla Osiowy, Michael D Parkins
Objectives In high-income countries hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an uncommonly diagnosed porcine-derived zoonoses. After identifying disproportionate chronic HEV infections in persons with cystic fibrosis (pwCF) postlung transplant, we sought to understand its epidemiology and potential drivers. Design All pwCF post-transplant attending our regional CF centre were screened for HEV. HEV prevalence was
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Clinical, experimental and pathophysiological effects of Yaq-001: a non-absorbab le, gut-restricted adsorbent in models and patients with cirrhosis Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-04-15 Jinxia Liu, Jane MacNaughtan, Annarein J C Kerbert, Theo Portlock, Javier Martínez Gonzalez, Yi Jin, Frederick Clasen, Abeba Habtesion, Huoyan Ji, Qin Jin, Alexandra Phillips, Francesco De Chiara, Ganesh Ingavle, Cesar Jimenez, Giacomo Zaccherini, Katherine Husi, Miguel Angel Rodriguez Gandia, Paul Cordero, Junpei Soeda, Lynda McConaghy, Jude Oben, Karen Church, Jia V Li, Haifeng Wu, Aarti Jalan, Pere
Objective Targeting bacterial translocation in cirrhosis is limited to antibiotics with risk of antimicrobial resistance. This study explored the therapeutic potential of a non-absorbable, gut-restricted, engineered carbon bead adsorbent, Yaq-001 in models of cirrhosis and acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) and, its safety and tolerability in a clinical trial in cirrhosis. Design Performance of
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EUS-guided gallbladder drainage in acute cholecystitis: response to letter to the editor Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-04-12 Ji Young Bang, Juan Pablo Arnoletti, Andrew Wagner, Shyam Varadarajulu
We thank the authors for their interest in our report on endoscopic ultrasound-guided gallbladder drainage (EUS-GBD).1 Management of gallbladder disease is not within the sole domain of gastroenterologists. It includes surgeons and interventional radiologists. When guidelines are developed without multidisciplinary consensus, problems can occur as reported in our series.2 The distinction between never-surgery
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The use of faecal microbiota transplant as treatment for recurrent or refractory Clostridioides difficile infection and other potential indications: second edition of joint British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) and Healthcare Infection Society (HIS) guidelines Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-04-12 Benjamin H Mullish, Blair Merrick, Mohammed Nabil Quraishi, Aggie Bak, Christopher A Green, David J Moore, Robert J Porter, Ngozi T Elumogo, Jonathan P Segal, Naveen Sharma, Belinda Marsh, Graziella Kontkowski, Susan E Manzoor, Ailsa L Hart, Christopher Settle, Josbert J Keller, Peter Hawkey, Tariq H Iqbal, Simon D Goldenberg, Horace R T Williams
The first British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) and Healthcare Infection Society (HIS)-endorsed faecal microbiota transplant (FMT) guidelines were published in 2018. Over the past 5 years, there has been considerable growth in the evidence base (including publication of outcomes from large national FMT registries), necessitating an updated critical review of the literature and a second edition
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Lactococcus lactis HkyuLL 10 suppresses colorectal tumourigenesis and restores gut microbiota through its generated alpha-mannosidase Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Anthony Chin Yang Su, Xiao Ding, Harry Cheuk Hay Lau, Xing Kang, Qing Li, Xueliang Wang, Yali Liu, Lanping Jiang, Yinghong Lu, Weixin Liu, Yanqiang Ding, Alvin Ho-Kwan Cheung, Ka Fai To, Jun Yu
Objective Probiotic Lactococcus lactis is known to confer health benefits to humans. Here, we aimed to investigate the role of L. lactis in colorectal cancer (CRC). Design L. lactis abundance was evaluated in patients with CRC (n=489) and healthy individuals (n=536). L. lactis was isolated from healthy human stools with verification by whole genome sequencing. The effect of L. lactis on CRC tumourigenesis
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Fluorescently labelled vedolizumab to visualise drug distribution and mucosal target cells in inflammatory bowel disease Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-04-05 Ruben Y Gabriëls, Anne M van der Waaij, Matthijs D Linssen, Michael Dobosz, Pia Volkmer, Sumreen Jalal, Dominic Robinson, Marcela A Hermoso, Marjolijn N Lub-de Hooge, Eleonora A M Festen, Gursah Kats-Ugurlu, Gerard Dijkstra, Wouter B Nagengast
Objective Improving patient selection and development of biological therapies such as vedolizumab in IBD requires a thorough understanding of the mechanism of action and target binding, thereby providing individualised treatment strategies. We aimed to visualise the macroscopic and microscopic distribution of intravenous injected fluorescently labelled vedolizumab, vedo-800CW, and identify its target
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Enhanced efficiency of the ‘family index-case method’: why and when? Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Yifan Qiu, Wenbo Zhu, Shihan Xu, Jiayue Wang, Chanjuan Wang, Geliang Yang, Zhaoshen Li, Huiyun Zhu, Xianzhu Zhou, Yiqi Du
With great interest, we carefully read the article by Lei et al .1 The authors introduced a novel ‘family index-case method’ to efficiently screen for and eradicate Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori ) infections by reaching out to the family members of individuals who tested positive. However, the article predominantly focused on detailing the methodology of the ‘family index-case method’, rather than
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Gut microbial metabolism of 5-aminosalicylic acid in inflammatory bowel disease Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Naomi Karmi, Shiqiang Sun, Eleonora A M Festen, Arnau Vich Vila, Ranko Gacesa, Rinse K Weersma
The effect of the gut microbiome on the bioavailability and efficacy of orally administered drugs is of considerable importance for personalised medicine.1 We, therefore, read with great interest the ‘GI highlights from the literature’ focussing on gut microbial metabolism of 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), originally published in the journal Nature Medicine .2 3
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Optimal glycaemic control and the reduced risk of colorectal adenoma and cancer in patients with diabetes: a population-based cohort study Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Xianhua Mao, Ka Shing Cheung, Jing-Tong Tan, Lung-Yi Mak, Chi-Ho Lee, Chi-Leung Chiang, Ho Ming Cheng, Rex Wan-Hin Hui, Man Fung Yuen, Wai Keung Leung, Wai-Kay Seto
Objective Whether varying degrees of glycaemic control impact colonic neoplasm risk in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) remains uncertain. Design Patients with newly diagnosed DM were retrieved from 2005 to 2013. Optimal glycaemic control at baseline was defined as mean haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)<7%. Outcomes of interest included colorectal cancer (CRC) and colonic adenoma development. We used propensity
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Refining definitions of Barrett’s oesophagus to improve clinical resource utilisation Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Matthew D Stachler, Qurat Ul Ain
Oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) is a devastating disease with an average 5-year survival of around 15%.1 Moreover, rates of OAC have increased substantially in recent decades, adding greatly to the clinical and economic burden of this disease.2 OAC arises out of a metaplastic precursor in which the normal squamous lining of the oesophagus is replaced with columnar, mucin-secreting cells. This is termed
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CD39 deletion in TCR-engineered T cells enhances antitumour immunity Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Alexander K Tsai, Ingunn M Stromnes
Tumour-reactive T cells infiltrating solid tumours are often rendered exhausted, a cell differentiation state characterised by upregulation of inhibitory receptors and reduced effector function. The process of T-cell exhaustion permits cancer progression and interferes with immunotherapy response. Efforts to overcome T-cell exhaustion, such as immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), can lead to remarkable
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Is acute necrotising pancreatitis a chronic disease? Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Deepak Gunjan, Soumya Jagannath Mahapatra, Pramod Kumar Garg
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common disease with an annual incidence of 34 (23–49) per 100 000 population.1 Patients with acute interstitial pancreatitis have a shorter self-limiting disease course while acute necrotising pancreatitis (ANP) is a much more severe disease with major local and systemic complications mandating prolonged hospitalisation.2 Among the local complications, acute necrotic fluid
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Ferritin—a promising biomarker in MASLD Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Heinz Zoller, Herbert Tilg
Human ferritins are expressed in essentially all cells of the human body. From an evolutionary perspective, human ferritins are part of a diverse ferritin-like superfamily—the ‘rubrerythins’, that include plant ferritins and bacterioferritins, where they cover a wide range of biological functions.1 Although best known as a 24-meric intracellular iron storage protein, ferritin is also present in the
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Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists to treat chronic liver disease: real-world evidence or ambiguity? Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Samy Suissa, Ruben Hernaez
Chronic liver diseases are prevalent, particularly among patients with type 2 diabetes, who have a higher incidence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and are subject to other liver diseases.1 With no pharmacotherapy for these liver conditions, recent attention was given to glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1a) for their effectiveness in treating type 2
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New AI model for neoplasia detection and characterisation in inflammatory bowel disease Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Mohamed Abdelrahim, Katie Siggens, Yuji Iwadate, Naoto Maeda, Hein Htet, Pradeep Bhandari
Endoscopic neoplasia detection in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains challenging. We developed and validated a novel artificial intelligence (AI) model for lesion detection and characterisation in 478 images from 30 patients with IBD, 10 of whom had a total of 25 neoplastic lesions (including 8 sessile serrated polyps); sensitivity and specificity for lesion detection were 93.5% and 80.6%, respectively
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Understanding the malignant potential of gastric metaplasia of the oesophagus and its relevance to Barrett’s oesophagus surveillance: individual-level data analysis Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Emily L Black, Emma Ococks, Ginny Devonshire, Alvin Wei Tian Ng, Maria O’Donovan, Shalini Malhotra, Monika Tripathi, Ahmad Miremadi, Adam Freeman, Hannah Coles, Oesophageal Cancer Clinical and Molecular Stratification (OCCAMS) Consortium, Rebecca C Fitzgerald
Objective Whether gastric metaplasia (GM) of the oesophagus should be considered as Barrett’s oesophagus (BO) is controversial. Given concern intestinal metaplasia (IM) may be missed due to sampling, the UK guidelines include GM as a type of BO. Here, we investigated whether the risk of misdiagnosis and the malignant potential of GM warrant its place in the UK surveillance. Design We performed a thorough
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Standardised training for endoscopic mucosal resection of large non-pedunculated colorectal polyps to reduce recurrence (*STAR-LNPCP study): a multicentre cluster randomised trial Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Lonne W T Meulen, Roel M M Bogie, Peter D Siersema, Bjorn Winkens, Marije S Vlug, Frank H J Wolfhagen, Martine Baven-Pronk, Michael van der Voorn, Matthijs P Schwartz, Lauran Vogelaar, Wouter H de Vos tot Nederveen Cappel, Tom C J Seerden, Wouter L Hazen, Ruud W M Schrauwen, Lorenza Alvarez Herrero, Ramon-Michel M Schreuder, Annick B van Nunen, Esther Stoop, Gijs J de Bruin, Philip Bos, Willem A Marsman
Objective Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is the preferred treatment for non-invasive large (≥20 mm) non-pedunculated colorectal polyps (LNPCPs) but is associated with an early recurrence rate of up to 30%. We evaluated whether standardised EMR training could reduce recurrence rates in Dutch community hospitals. Design In this multicentre cluster randomised trial, 59 endoscopists from 30 hospitals
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Faecal microbial transfer and complex carbohydrates mediate protection against COPD Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Kurtis F Budden, Shakti D Shukla, Kate L Bowerman, Annalicia Vaughan, Shaan L Gellatly, David L A Wood, Nancy Lachner, Sobia Idrees, Saima Firdous Rehman, Alen Faiz, Vyoma K Patel, Chantal Donovan, Charlotte A Alemao, Sj Shen, Nadia Amorim, Rajib Majumder, Kanth S Vanka, Jazz Mason, Tatt Jhong Haw, Bree Tillet, Michael Fricker, Simon Keely, Nicole Hansbro, Gabrielle T Belz, Jay Horvat, Thomas Ashhurst
Objective Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of global illness and death, most commonly caused by cigarette smoke. The mechanisms of pathogenesis remain poorly understood, limiting the development of effective therapies. The gastrointestinal microbiome has been implicated in chronic lung diseases via the gut-lung axis, but its role is unclear. Design Using an in vivo mouse
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Oral bacteria accelerate pancreatic cancer development in mice Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Elias Saba, Maria Farhat, Alaa Daoud, Arin Khashan, Esther Forkush, Noam Hallel Menahem, Hasnaa Makkawi, Karthikeyan Pandi, Sarah Angabo, Hiromichi Kawasaki, Inbar Plaschkes, Oren Parnas, Gideon Zamir, Karine Atlan, Michael Elkin, Lior Katz, Gabriel Nussbaum
Objective Epidemiological studies highlight an association between pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and oral carriage of the anaerobic bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis , a species highly linked to periodontal disease. We analysed the potential for P. gingivalis to promote pancreatic cancer development in an animal model and probed underlying mechanisms. Design We tracked P. gingivalis bacterial
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Long-term follow-up study of necrotising pancreatitis: interventions, complications and quality of life Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Robbert A Hollemans, Hester C Timmerhuis, Marc G Besselink, Stefan A W Bouwense, Marco Bruno, Peter van Duijvendijk, Erwin-Jan van Geenen, Muhammed Hadithi, Sybrand Hofker, Jeanin E Van-Hooft, Liesbeth M Kager, Eric R Manusama, Jan-Werner Poley, Rutger Quispel, Tessa Römkens, George P van der Schelling, Matthijs P Schwartz, Bernhard W M Spanier, Martijn Stommel, Adriaan Tan, Niels G Venneman, Frank
Objective To describe the long-term consequences of necrotising pancreatitis, including complications, the need for interventions and the quality of life. Design Long-term follow-up of a prospective multicentre cohort of 373 necrotising pancreatitis patients (2005–2008) was performed. Patients were prospectively evaluated and received questionnaires. Readmissions (ie, for recurrent or chronic pancreatitis)
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Spatial transcriptomics reveals a low extent of transcriptionally active hepatitis B virus integration in patients with HBsAg loss Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Xiaoqi Yu, Qiming Gong, Demin Yu, Yongyan Chen, Ying Jing, Fabien Zoulim, Xinxin Zhang
Objective Hepatitis B virus (HBV) can integrate into the chromosomes of infected hepatocytes, contributing to the production of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and to hepatocarcinogenesis. In this study, we aimed to explore whether transcriptionally active HBV integration events spread throughout the liver tissue in different phases of chronic HBV infection, especially in patients with HBsAg loss
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Histone methyltransferase Suv39h1 regulates hepatic stellate cell activation and is targetable in liver fibrosis Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Ming Kong, Junjing Zhou, Aoqi Kang, Yameng Kuai, Huihui Xu, Min Li, Xiulian Miao, Yan Guo, Zhiwen Fan, Yong Xu, Zilong Li
Objective Liver fibrosis is a prelude to a host of end-stage liver diseases. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), switching from a quiescent state to myofibroblasts, are the major source for excessive production of extracellular matrix proteins. In the present study, we investigated the role of Suv39h1, a lysine methyltransferase, in HSC-myofibroblast transition and the implication in liver fibrosis. Design
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Serum ferritin levels can predict long-term outcomes in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Angelo Armandi, Tiziana Sanavia, Ramy Younes, Gian Paolo Caviglia, Chiara Rosso, Olivier Govaere, Antonio Liguori, Paolo Francione, Rocìo Gallego-Duràn, Javier Ampuero, Grazia Pennisi, Rocio Aller, Dina Tiniakos, Alastair Burt, Ezio David, Fabio Vecchio, Marco Maggioni, Daniela Cabibi, Duncan McLeod, Maria Jesus Pareja, Marco Y W Zaki, Antonio Grieco, Per Stål, Stergios Kechagias, Anna Ludovica Fracanzani
Objective Hyperferritinaemia is associated with liver fibrosis severity in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), but the longitudinal implications have not been thoroughly investigated. We assessed the role of serum ferritin in predicting long-term outcomes or death. Design We evaluated the relationship between baseline serum ferritin and longitudinal events
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Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and risk of major adverse liver outcomes in patients with chronic liver disease and type 2 diabetes Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Axel Wester, Ying Shang, Emilie Toresson Grip, Anthony A Matthews, Hannes Hagström
Objective Phase II trials suggest glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP1) agonists resolve metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis but do not affect fibrosis regression. We aimed to determine the long-term causal effect of GLP1 agonists on the risk of major adverse liver outcomes (MALO) in patients with any chronic liver disease and type 2 diabetes. Design We used observational data from Swedish
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Coeliac disease: the paradox of diagnosing a food hypersensitivity disorder with autoantibodies Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 M Fleur du Pre, Rasmus Iversen, Ludvig M Sollid
Serum antibodies to the autoantigen transglutaminase 2 (TG2) are increasingly harnessed to diagnose coeliac disease. Diagnostic guidelines for children give recommendation for a no-biopsy-based diagnosis through detection of high amounts of IgA anti-TG2 antibodies in serum with confirmation of positivity in a separate blood sample by characteristic autoantibody-staining of tissue. While measurement
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Fibrosis in IBD: from pathogenesis to therapeutic targets Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Florian Rieder, Pranab K Mukherjee, William J Massey, Yan Wang, Claudio Fiocchi
Background Intestinal fibrosis resulting in stricture formation and obstruction in Crohn’s disease (CD) and increased wall stiffness leading to symptoms in ulcerative colitis (UC) is among the largest unmet needs in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Fibrosis is caused by a multifactorial and complex process involving immune and non-immune cells, their soluble mediators and exposure to luminal contents
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Post-COVID-19 irritable bowel syndrome Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Cong Dai, Yu-Hong Huang, Min Jiang
We read with interest the article by Marasco et al evaluating the prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and post-COVID-19 disorders of gut–brain interaction after hospitalisation for SARS-CoV-2 infection.1 The author found that COVID-19 is associated with a modest increased risk of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Postinfectious IBS (PI-IBS) is a common disease in which GI symptoms begin after
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Epidemiology of Helicobacter in Chinese families: a foundation for cost-effective eradication strategies? Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Barry Marshall
Your recent ‘Chinese Consensus Report on Family-based Helicobacter pylori infection Control and management (2021 Edition)’1 and ‘Large-scale, national, family-based epidemiological study on Helicobacter pylori infection in China: the time to change practice for related disease prevention’2 will encourage more doctors in China to consider Helicobacter pylori as a curable aetiology for gastrointestinal
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Antibiotic use and inflammatory bowel disease: number needed to harm? Authors’ reply Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Adam S Faye, Tine Jess
We thank Ludvigsson for his interest in our work and for providing additional insights. As noted, our joint works implicate the role of antibiotics in the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), however, there are limitations as well as unique strengths to our study design which should be noted.1 2 Although confounding may exist, our prospective cohort study design limits this possibility
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Vonoprazan-based versus proton pump inhibitor-based therapy in Helicobacter pylori eradication: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Po-Yueh Chen, Feng-Pai Tsai, Mei-Jyh Chen, Hsin-Yi Yang, Ming-Shiang Wu, Jyh-Ming Liou
We read the Maastricht VI/Florence consensus report published in GUT with great interest.1 The report suggested that vonoprazan-based therapy is superior, or not inferior, to conventional proton pump inhibitor (PPI)-based triple therapies for Helicobacter pylori eradication.1 However, the number of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) was small and the majority of previous trials were conducted in Japan
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Toning down the role of eosinophils in eosinophilic oesophagitis Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Carlo Maria Rossi, Marco Vincenzo Lenti, Antonio Di Sabatino
Eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE) is an immune-mediated disease of uncertain aetiology. The diagnosis of EoE relies on the epithelial infiltration of eosinophils (peak eosinophil count of ≥15 per high-power field (HPF)) and on the presence of symptoms. Consequently, a combined clinical–histological endpoint has been devised to assess response to treatments in clinical trials. Recent guidelines drafted
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Mixed-donor faecal microbiota transplantation was associated with increased butyrate-producing bacteria for obesity Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Zhilu Xu, Joyce Wing Yan Mak, Yu Lin, Keli Yang, Qin Liu, Fen Zhang, Louis Lau, Whitney Tang, Jessica YL Ching, Hein M Tun, Paul Chan, Francis K L Chan, Siew C Ng
We read with interest the recent article by Haifer et al (Gut, 2022, 2022–3 27 742), which reported that donor gut microbiome stability and species evenness were associated with higher donor species engraftment in patients with UC following faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). This has brought us one step closer towards the selection of optimal FMT donors. However, the high prevalence of extended‐spectrum
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Defining gene–lifestyle interactions in inflammatory bowel disease: progress towards understanding disease pathogenesis Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Jianhui Zhao, Jie Chen, Yuhao Sun, Shuai Yuan, Judith Wellens, Rahul Kalla, Evropi Theodoratou, Xue Li, Jack Satsangi
Recently, Lopes et al quantified the effect of modifiable lifestyle factors in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) prevention using population attributable risk, and reported that 42.9% of Crohn’s disease (CD) cases and 44.4% of ulcerative colitis (UC) cases could have been prevented by lifestyle interventions. This interesting result was based on 6 prospective cohorts including 3 US cohorts with 208
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Genetic evidence for repurposing of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists to prevent chronic liver diseases Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Baike Liu, Ge Peng, Yuan Yin, Chaoyong Shen, Xiaonan Yin, Zhaolun Cai, Bo Zhang
We read with great interest the study of Wester et al 1 that suggested a potential hepatoprotective effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) in mitigating the risk of major adverse liver outcomes among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Currently, several studies indicate that GLP-1RAs provide functional protection for chronic liver diseases.2 3 However, uncertainties persist
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Unusual cause of abdominal pain Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Jin-Yan Zhang, Ting-Na Wu, Yi Ding, Wei-Feng Huang
An 18-year-old woman presented with a 4-day history of worsening abdominal pain. Physical examination revealed tenderness in the left mid abdomen, without rebound tenderness. Laboratory workups revealed neutrophilia (10 890/µL), elevated C reactive protein (38.59 mg/L) and increased faecal calprotectin (>50 µg/g). Haemoglobin, liver function, renal function and urinalysis results were within normal
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Correction: Identification of c-FLIPL and c-FLIPS as critical regulators of death receptor-induced apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Society of Gastroenterology
Haag C, Stadel D, Zhou S, et al . Identification of c-FLIPL and c-FLIPS as critical regulators of …
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Predicting treatment response in ASUC: do we measure systemic severity, organ response or both? Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Pernille D Ovesen, Johan Fredrik Kristoffer Fremberg Ilvemark, Rune Wilkens, Casper Steenholdt, Jakob Seidelin
We would like to congratulate Adams et al on the paper addressing the important issue regarding the development of prognostic clinical indexes for patients with acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC) leading to the development of the ADMIT-ASC score.1 Although we acknowledge the initiative, the development of a static prognostic index might be reconsidered with the increased availability and use of
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National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidance on monitoring and management of Barrett’s oesophagus and stage I oesophageal adenocarcinoma Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-30 Massimiliano di Pietro, Nigel J Trudgill, Melina Vasileiou, Gaius Longcroft-Wheaton, Alexander W Phillips, James Gossage, Philip V Kaye, Kieran G Foley, Tom Crosby, Sophie Nelson, Helen Griffiths, Muksitur Rahman, Gill Ritchie, Amy Crisp, Stephen Deed, John N Primrose
Barrett’s oesophagus is the only known precursor to oesophageal adenocarcinoma, a cancer with very poor prognosis. The main risk factors for Barrett’s oesophagus are a history of gastro-oesophageal acid reflux symptoms and obesity. Men, smokers and those with a family history are also at increased risk. Progression from Barrett’s oesophagus to cancer occurs via an intermediate stage, known as dysplasia
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Pancreas-directed AAV8-hSPINK1 gene therapy safely and effectively protects against pancreatitis in mice Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-30 Yuan-Chen Wang, Xiao-Tong Mao, Chang Sun, Ya-Hui Wang, Yi-Zhou Zheng, Si-Huai Xiong, Mu-Yun Liu, Sheng-Han Mao, Qi-Wen Wang, Guo-Xiu Ma, Di Wu, Zhao-Shen Li, Jian-Min Chen, Wen-Bin Zou, Zhuan Liao
Objective Currently, there is no cure for chronic pancreatitis (CP). Germline loss-of-function variants in SPINK1 (encoding trypsin inhibitor) are common in patients with CP and are associated with acute attacks and progression of the disease. This preclinical study was conducted to explore the potential of adeno-associated virus type 8 (AAV8)-mediated overexpression of human SPINK1 ( hSPINK1 ) for
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Microscopic pathology assessment of colorectal polyp size is less accurate than intracolonoscopic assessment Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Maurice B Loughrey
The recent study by Djinbachian et al comparing accuracy of intracolonoscopic to pathology-based assessment of colorectal polyp size is of considerable interest.1 The authors reported that pathology sizing is often not possible because of piecemeal polyp resection or fragmentation during retrieval and, for intact polypectomy specimens, pathology accuracy is limited by formalin-related shrinkage. 78%
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Re-evaluating early-onset OSCC in Africa: findings of minimal cumulative incidence Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Mohamed Noureldin, Joel H Rubenstein, Brooke Kenney, Akbar K Waljee
We read Arnold et al ’s article1 with interest and wanted to extend this work to Africa. A high incidence of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has been reported in African countries from Kenya to South Africa2 where early-onset (age <45 years) OSCC accounts for 30% of cases in the region. As such, we examined the cumulative lifetime and age-specific incidences of OSCC in Africa. We identified
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Recent advances in the prevention and treatment of decompensated cirrhosis and acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) and the role of biomarkers Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Jonel Trebicka, Ruben Hernaez, Debbie Lindsay Shawcross, Alexander L Gerbes
The progression of cirrhosis with clinically significant portal hypertension towards decompensated cirrhosis remains clinically challenging and the evolution towards acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), with one or more extrahepatic organ failures, is associated with very high mortality. In the last decade, significant progress has been made in the understanding of the mechanisms leading to decompensation
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Cholecystectomy following EUS-guided gallbladder drainage in patients with acute cholecystitis at high surgical risk: friend or foe? Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Alberto Larghi, Roy L J van Wanrooij, Michiel Bronswijk, Giuseppe Vanella, Rastislav Kunda, Manuel Pérez-Miranda, Jeanin E Van-Hooft, Marc A Barthet, Paolo Giorgio Arcidiacono, Schalk Willem Van der Merwe
We read with great interest the paper by Bang et al ,1 reporting their single-centre retrospective experience in 25 patients with acute cholecystitis, who were deemed at increased surgical risk and treated by EUS-guided gallbladder drainage (EUS-GBD) using LAMS. Three patients underwent surgery because of persistent biliary-type symptoms, but the presence of LAMS precluded successful laparoscopic cholecystectomy
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Selective decontamination of the digestive tract in critically ill children: fighting fire with fire or burning down the house? Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Debby Bogaert, Willem van Schaik
The microbial ecosystem of the human gut (‘the gut microbiome’) plays an important role in human health through a variety of mechanisms, including the degradation of complex carbohydrates, the production of vitamins and other beneficial compounds and by providing a barrier to invading pathogens.1 The gut can also be the source of pathobionts, including the Gram-negatives Escherichia coli , Klebsiella
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Unusual cause of rectal bleeding in a patient with schizophrenia Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Rebecca K Grant, Charu Chopra, Pujit Gandhi, Natarajan Manimaran, Jonathan T Serhan, Kate L Struthers, William M Brindle
A gentleman in his early 40s with a background of schizophrenia on clozapine presented with a 2-month history of rectal bleeding, diarrhoea, weight loss, a microcytic anaemia and a quantitative faecal immunochemical test (qFIT) result >400 µg Hb/g. Colonoscopy demonstrated multiple large polypoid lesions in the rectum and in the sigmoid colon; the sigmoid was unable to be passed by the colonoscope
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Head of pancreas mass with biliary obstruction: an unusual cause Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Raymond Hayler, Colin Tuft, Oliver Fisher
A woman in her 70s presented to an Australian centre with right upper quadrant pain, fevers and weight loss. She was born in Greece, having lived in Australia for 50 years. Significant background included chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), treated with venetoclax and rituximab. Her white cell count was 3.20×109/L with normal liver function tests, bilirubin of 6 µmol/L and C reactive protein of 15
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Smoking-related Lactobacillus and immune cell infiltration in colorectal cancer: evidence from a population-based study Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Silu Chen, Junyi Xin, Dongying Gu, Huiqin Li, Rui Zheng, Shuwei Li, Zhengdong Zhang, Mulong Du, Meilin Wang
Recently, we were intrigued by a recent study by Fong and colleagues,1 in which they found that Lactobacillus gallinarum could reduce regulatory T-cell (Treg) infiltration and enhance CD8+ T-cell effector function, thus improving anti-PD1 efficacy in patients with colorectal cancer, which was confirmed in mouse models. Interestingly, Lactobacillus was observed to be related to smoke exposure, with
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New entity of adult ultra-short coeliac disease: the first international cohort and case–control study Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Suneil A Raju, Emily A Greenaway, Annalisa Schiepatti, Giovanni Arpa, Nicoletta Vecchione, Chao LA Jian, Charlotte Grobler, Margherita Maregatti, Olivia Green, Freya J Bowker-Howell, Mohamed G Shiha, Hugo A Penny, Simon S Cross, Carolina Ciacci, Kamran Rostami, Shokoufeh Ahmadipour, Afshin Moradi, Mohammad Rostami-Nejad, Federico Biagi, Umberto Volta, Michelangelo Fiorentino, Benjamin Lebwohl, Peter
Background Ultra-short coeliac disease (USCD) is defined as villous atrophy only present in the duodenal bulb (D1) with concurrent positive coeliac serology. We present the first, multicentre, international study of patients with USCD. Methods Patients with USCD were identified from 10 tertiary hospitals (6 from Europe, 2 from Asia, 1 from North America and 1 from Australasia) and compared with age-matched
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Proton pump inhibitors alter gut microbiota by promoting oral microbiota translocation: a prospective interventional study Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Xue Xiao, Xian Zhang, Jin Wang, Yuqiang Liu, Hailin Yan, Xiaocun Xing, Jinlin Yang
Background The mechanism by which proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) alter gut microbiota remains to be elucidated. We aimed to learn whether PPI induced gut microbiota alterations by promoting oral microbial translocation. Methods Healthy adult volunteers were randomly assigned: PP group (n=8, 40 mg esomeprazole daily for seven days) and PM group (n=8, 40 mg esomeprazole along with chlorhexidine mouthwash
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Gastrointestinal syndromes in Parkinson’s disease: risk factors or comorbidities? Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Jiangwei Sun, Dan Yan, Karin Wirdefeldt, Jialu Yao, Jonas F Ludvigsson
With great interest, we read the article by Konings et al ,1 in which the authors conducted a combined case–control and cohort study and found that dysphagia, gastroparesis, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) without diarrhoea and constipation specifically predict subsequent newly onset idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD) through comparing patients with PD with matched negative controls and patients with
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Non-invasive assessment of MASH resolution Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Jean-François Dufour, Vincent Wai-Sun Wong
With the approval of drug treatment for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) approaching, it is of paramount importance to have non-invasive means to monitor response to treatment.1 Currently, conditional approval is based on liver histology, with MASH resolution without worsening of fibrosis and fibrosis improvement without worsening of MASH being the two key histological endpoints
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Strengths and limitations of AlphaMissense in CPA1 missense variant classification Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Ya-Hui Wang, Emmanuelle Masson, Zhuan Liao, Claude Férec, Wen-Bin Zou, Jian-Min Chen
We read with interest the publication by Sándor and Sahin-Tóth, which classifies CPA1 missense variants based on functional data.1 Previous analyses of variants strongly associated with chronic pancreatitis (p.N256K, p.S282P and p.K374E) have demonstrated that pathogenic CPA1 variants result in proenzyme misfolding, leading to subsequent endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress.2–6 In examining 50 CPA1 missense
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Function of mast cell and bile-cholangiocarcinoma interplay in cholangiocarcinoma microenvironment Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Anda Shi, Zengli Liu, Zhongqi Fan, Kangshuai Li, Xingkai Liu, Yongchang Tang, Jiaming Hu, Xingyong Li, Lizhuang Shu, Liming Zhao, Lingling Huang, Zhiyue Zhang, Guoyue Lv, Zongli Zhang, Yunfei Xu
Objective The correlation between cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) progression and bile is rarely studied. Here, we aimed to identify differential metabolites in benign and malignant bile ducts and elucidate the generation, function and degradation of bile metabolites. Design Differential metabolites in the bile from CCA and benign biliary stenosis were identified by metabonomics. Biliary molecules able to
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Milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor 8 (MFGE8) prevents intestinal fibrosis Gut (IF 24.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Sinan Lin, Jie Wang, Pranab K Mukherjee, Ren Mao, Gail West, Doug Czarnecki, Shuai Zhao, Quang Tam Nguyen, Michael Elias, William J Massey, WeiWei Liu, Yan Wang, Ankita Prasad, Suhanti Banerjee, Idan Goren, Jyotsna Chandra, Hongnga T Le, Dina Dejanovic, Jiannan Li, Minhu Chen, Stefan Holubar, Mitchell Olman, Brian Southern, Shaomin Hu, Ilyssa O Gordon, Kamran Atabai, Claudio Fiocchi, Florian Rieder
Objective Intestinal fibrosis is considered an inevitable consequence of chronic IBD, leading to stricture formation and need for surgery. During the process of fibrogenesis, extracellular matrix (ECM) components critically regulate the function of mesenchymal cells. We characterised the composition and function of ECM in fibrostenosing Crohn’s disease (CD) and control tissues. Design Decellularised